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1. 发明申请

WO1996020579A1 X-RAY EXAMINATION APPARATUS COMPRISING AN EXPOSURE CONTROL CIRCUIT 审中-公开
标题翻译：包含曝光控制电路的X射线检查装置
公开(公告)号：WO1996020579A1
公开(公告)日：1996-07-04
申请号：PCT/IB1995001041
申请日：1995-11-21
申请人： PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. , PHILIPS NORDEN AB
发明人： PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. , PHILIPS NORDEN AB , VAN WOEZIK, Johannes, Theodorus, Maria , VAN TWIST, Paulus, Henricus, Felix, Maria
IPC分类号： H05G01/26
CPC分类号： H05G1/34 , H05G1/60
摘要： An X-ray examination apparatus comprises an exposure control circuit (20) which supplies a control signal for adjustment of the X-ray source (1). The exposure control circuit (20) determines the control signal from an area of the X-ray image in which no overexposure occurs. To this end, the exposure control circuit comprises a selection unit (23) for determining a measuring part from an electronic image signal, formed from the X-ray image by means of an X-ray detector (5, 8, 7), by comparing the signal level of the electronic image signal with an upper limit value which is dependent on the setting of the X-ray apparatus, for example of the high voltage and the anode current of the X-ray source. The upper limit value preferably amounts to the difference between the overexposure level and a safety margin. The safety margin serves to render the exposure control circuit insensitive to small fluctuations of the intensity and energy of the X-ray beam (3) generated by the X-ray source (1).
摘要翻译： X射线检查装置包括提供用于调整X射线源（1）的控制信号的曝光控制电路（20）。曝光控制电路（20）从不会发生过度曝光的X射线图像的区域确定控制信号。为此，曝光控制电路包括用于通过X射线检测器（5,8,7）由X射线图像由电子图像信号确定测量部分的选择单元（23），通过X射线检测器将电子图像信号的信号电平与取决于X射线设备的设置（例如X射线源的高电压和阳极电流）的上限值进行比较。上限值优选地等于过度曝光水平和安全裕度之间的差。安全裕度用于使曝光控制电路对由X射线源（1）产生的X射线束（3）的强度和能量的小波动不敏感。

2. 发明申请

WO1990008451A1 X-RAY PHOTOTIMER 审中-公开
标题翻译： X射线照相机
公开(公告)号：WO1990008451A1
公开(公告)日：1990-07-26
申请号：PCT/US1990000118
申请日：1990-01-08
申请人： EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY
发明人： EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY , SEZAN, Muhammed, I. , SCHAETZING, Ralph , MOORE, William, Edwin , FRANK, Lee, Fitzpatrick
IPC分类号： H05G01/26
CPC分类号： H05G1/26 , H05G1/44 , H05G1/46
摘要： A phototimer for controlling x-ray exposure includes an array of x-ray sensors, and digital processing electronics for calculating x-ray exposure by selecting one or more signals from the x-ray sensors, and calculating the x-ray exposure from the selected signals.

3. 发明申请

WO1994028696A1 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS, AND X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC APPARATUS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于控制X射线诊断装置的方法和X射线诊断装置
公开(公告)号：WO1994028696A1
公开(公告)日：1994-12-08
申请号：PCT/RU1994000114
申请日：1994-05-30
申请人： MISHKINIS, Boris Yanovich
发明人： VLADIMIROV, Lev Vladimirovich
IPC分类号： H05G01/26
CPC分类号： H05G1/34 , H05G1/32 , H05G1/44
摘要： A method for controlling X-ray diagnostic apparatus with medium frequency conversion in the main circuit involves attaining the voltage operating conditions without having to set the high voltage on the voltage leading edge after switch-on of the apparatus according to a signal indicating correspondence between the intensity of irradiation behind the object being examined and a predetermined reference value. In a preferred embodiment, this is achieved by using a set of reference values, including the basic reference value established on the basis of the maximum permissible load capacity of the X-ray tube, while the remaining reference values are each matched with one of the relevant diagnostic high voltage ranges, and the corresponding electrical quantity (mAs). In determining reference values, the radiographic focal distance and X-ray tube anode current are taken into account. The X-ray apparatus compsises an X-ray tube (1), a high-voltage generator consisting of mains rectifier (3), smoothing LC filter (4), medium-frequency inverter (5), high-voltage transformer (6) and high-voltage rectifier (7), and a heat unit (8). A transmissive irradiation detector (10) behind the object (9) being examined generates a signal acting on the exposure relay circuit controlling the inverter (5) by means of pulse width modulator (18).
摘要翻译：在主电路中控制具有中频变换的X射线诊断装置的方法包括获得电压工作条件，而不必在装置接通之后根据指示对应关系的信号设置电压前沿上的高电压正在检查的物体后面的照射强度和预定的参考值。在优选实施例中，这通过使用一组参考值来实现，所述参考值包括基于X射线管的最大允许负载容量而建立的基本参考值，而其余参考值均与相关的诊断高电压范围，以及相应的电量（mAs）。在确定参考值时，考虑射线照相焦距和X射线管阳极电流。 X射线装置包括一个X射线管（1），一个由电源整流器（3），平滑LC滤波器（4），中频逆变器（5），高压变压器（6）组成的高压发生器，和高压整流器（7）和加热单元（8）。被检查物体（9）后方的透射式照射检测器（10）通过脉宽调制器（18）产生作用在控制逆变器（5）的曝光继电器电路上的信号。

4. 发明申请

WO1994019920A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRECISELY MEASURING ACCELERATING VOLTAGES APPLIED TO X-RAY SOURCES 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于精确测量适用于X射线源的加速电压的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO1994019920A1
公开(公告)日：1994-09-01
申请号：PCT/US1994001814
申请日：1994-02-18
申请人： THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, as represented by T HE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE
发明人： THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, as represented by T HE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE , DESLATTES, Richard, D.
IPC分类号： H05G01/26
CPC分类号： H05G1/265 , G01D15/14 , G01D18/00 , G01R15/144 , G01T1/36
摘要： A method of measuring an accelerating voltage applied to an x-ray source to produce x-rays includes applying an accelerating voltage to an x-ray source to produce x-ray radiation having an axis; diffracting first and second portions of the x-ray radiation that are symmetrically disposed relative to an axis with a single crystal material to produce two spectra of the x-ray radiation, each spectrum including continuous x-ray radiation having an end point energy at the maximum energy of the x-ray radiation; forming an image of the spectra of the x-ray radiation including respective end point energies; and measuring the separation of the respective end point energies of the spectra of the image and, thereby, determining the accelerating voltage applied to the x-ray source. An apparatus for applying to an x-ray source (1) producing x-rays includes an x-ray spectrograph (3) with an entrance (5, 6) for admitting two portions of x-ray radiation emitted by the x-ray source, a single crystal material (20) disposed to intersect and disperse the portions of the x-ray radiation to produce two x-ray spectra including continuous x-ray radiation having respective end point energies as the maximum energy of the x-ray radiation, a scintillation screen (23) emitting light in response to incident x-ray radiation for forming an image in light of the portions of the x-ray radiation dispersed by the single crystal material, a charge coupled device (24) camera disposed adjacent the scintillation screen for converting the image in light to electrical signals, and a computer (25) electrically connected to the charge coupled device camera for analyzing the electrical signals and finding the separation between the end point energies in the image, thereby determining the accelerating voltage applied to the x-ray source.
摘要翻译：测量施加到X射线源以产生x射线的加速电压的方法包括将加速电压施加到x射线源以产生具有轴的x射线辐射; 衍射相对于具有单晶材料的轴对称地设置的X射线辐射的第一和第二部分以产生X射线辐射的两个光谱，每个光谱包括具有在X射线辐射处的终点能量的连续X射线辐射 x射线辐射的最大能量; 形成包括各自的端点能量的x射线辐射的光谱的图像; 并且测量图像的光谱的相应端点能量的分离，从而确定施加到x射线源的加速电压。用于施加到产生x射线的X射线源（1）的装置包括具有入口（5,6）的X射线光谱仪（3），用于允许X射线源发射的x射线辐射的两部分，设置成相交和分散X射线辐射的部分的单晶材料（20），以产生包括具有作为X射线辐射的最大能量的相应端点能量的连续X射线辐射的两个X射线光谱，闪烁屏幕（23）响应于入射的X射线辐射而发射光，以便根据由单晶材料分散的X射线辐射的部分形成图像;邻近闪烁设置的电荷耦合器件（24）相机屏幕，用于将图像转换成电信号;以及计算机（25），电连接到电荷耦合器件照相机，用于分析电信号并找到图像中的端点能量之间的距离，从而确定加速度施加到x射线源的电压。

5. 发明申请

WO1996031099A1 METHOD FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM PLANNING 审中-公开
标题翻译：无线通信系统规划方法
公开(公告)号：WO1996031099A1
公开(公告)日：1996-10-03
申请号：PCT/US1996000964
申请日：1996-01-29
申请人： MOTOROLA INC.
发明人： MOTOROLA INC. , TANG, Yuqiang , REED, John, Douglas
IPC分类号： H05G01/26
CPC分类号： H04W16/18 , G01S3/00 , G01S5/00 , H01Q1/246
摘要： A method for wireless communication system planning includes, in a first embodiment, determining an image tree (500), based on a transmitter location (401) and the reflective (415) and diffractive (425) surfaces within a coverage region, and limiting the image tree to exclude branching for higher order images requiring more than a predetermined number of reflections and/or diffractions, or potential child images corresponding to surfaces not within the scope of the parent image (530, 560). Based on the image tree and propagation path back-tracing (620), a received signal quality measure (e.g., power) is determined for each receive location. By comparing the different received signal powers, an optimal receiver unit location is determined. Further, by building further image trees for further transmitter locations, an overall coverage quality can be determined for each transmitter and compared to yield an optimal transmitter location.
摘要翻译：一种用于无线通信系统规划的方法包括在第一实施例中，基于覆盖区域内的发射机位置（401）和反射（415）和衍射（425）表面来确定图像树（500），并且限制图像树以排除需要超过预定数量的反射和/或衍射的较高阶图像的分支，或对应于不在父图像（530,560）的范围内的表面的潜在的子图像。基于图像树和传播路径回溯（620），为每个接收位置确定接收信号质量测量（例如功率）。通过比较不同的接收信号功率，确定最佳接收机单元位置。此外，通过为进一步的发射机位置构建另外的图像树，可以为每个发射机确定总体覆盖质量并进行比较以产生最佳发射机位置。

6. 发明申请

WO1995007599A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING X-RAY RADIATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：测量X射线辐射的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO1995007599A1
公开(公告)日：1995-03-16
申请号：PCT/SE1994000837
申请日：1994-09-08
申请人： UNFORS INSTRUMENTS AB , UNFORS, Tomas
发明人： UNFORS INSTRUMENTS AB
IPC分类号： H05G01/26
CPC分类号： H05G1/265 , G01T1/16 , H05G1/28
摘要： Method and instrument for measuring X-ray radiation, for generating a value representative of the radiation in the shape of an electric signal, whereby the radiation at the measurement instance is caught by two photo-electric units (7, 8) each receiving the radiation (9) after its passage through filters (5, 6) having mutually different degrees of absorption. The radiation value is computed on the basis of a ratio between the two generated electric signals. Adaptation of the signal intensity to a processing range is made, which constitutes a lesser part of the total intensity range of the signals generated by the radiation, by means of an amplifier device (6) with a variable degree of amplification, by sensing the signal intensity after the amplifier device. The amplifier device (12, 13, 16) is designed as a pre-amplifier (12, 13) which is maintained at a fixed degree of amplification and is in series therewith, terminal amplifiers (16), which are adjusted in their degrees of amplification in order to give the signals said intensity adapted to the operational range. By varying the signal processing, the method/instrument may be adapted for generation of measurement values correlated to parameters such as kVp, X-ray dose, exposure time and curve-shape.
摘要翻译：用于测量X射线辐射的方法和仪器，用于产生代表电信号形状的辐射的值，由此在测量实例处的辐射被两个接收辐射的光电单元（7,8）捕获（9）在通过具有相互不同吸收程度的过滤器（5,6）之后。基于两个产生的电信号之间的比率来计算辐射值。通过感测信号，通过具有可变放大度的放大器装置（6），将信号强度适应于处理范围，其构成由辐射产生的信号的总强度范围的较小部分放大器后的强度。放大器装置（12,13,16）被设计为前置放大器（12,13），其被保持在固定的放大程度并与之串联的终端放大器（16），其被调整为放大，以使信号表示强度适应于工作范围。通过改变信号处理，该方法/仪器可适用于产生与诸如kVp，X射线剂量，曝光时间和曲线形状的参数相关的测量值。

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