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1. 发明申请

WO2008109771A2 SALIENCY-BASED APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR VISUAL PROSTHESES 审中-公开
标题翻译：基于SALIENCY的设备和视觉展示的方法
公开(公告)号：WO2008109771A2
公开(公告)日：2008-09-12
申请号：PCT/US2008/056089
申请日：2008-03-06
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , DOHENY EYE INSTITUTE , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , MEILSTRUP, Peter , PARIKH, Neha, Jagdish , ROY, Arup , WEILAND, James, D. , ZHOU, Chunhong
发明人： GREENBERG, Robert, J. , HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , MEILSTRUP, Peter , PARIKH, Neha, Jagdish , ROY, Arup , WEILAND, James, D. , ZHOU, Chunhong
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61F9/08 , G06K9/4604 , G06K9/4628 , G06K9/605 , G09B21/008
摘要： Saliency-based apparatus and methods for visual prostheses are disclosed. A saliency-based component processes video data output by a digital signal processor before the video data are input to the retinal stimulator. In a saliency-based method, an intensity stream is extracted from an input image, feature maps based on the intensity stream are developed, plural most salient regions of the input image are detected and one of the regions is selected as a highest saliency region.
摘要翻译：公开了用于视觉假体的基于显着性的装置和方法。基于显眼的组件在将视频数据输入到视网膜刺激器之前处理由数字信号处理器输出的视频数据。在基于显着性的方法中，从输入图像中提取强度流，基于强度流形成特征图，检测输入图像的多个最显着区域，并选择其中一个区域作为最高显着区域。

2. 发明申请

WO2008051869A2 VISUAL PROSTHESIS 审中-公开
标题翻译：视觉预告
公开(公告)号：WO2008051869A2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-02
申请号：PCT/US2007/082004
申请日：2007-10-19
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , DOHENY EYE INSTITUTE , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J.
发明人： GREENBERG, Robert, J. , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J.
IPC分类号： A61N1/36 , A61N1/05 , A61F9/08 , A61F2/14 , A61F9/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： A method for stimulating a subject's retina. The method comprising selecting at least a first and a second electrode each configured to apply current to a subject's retina, determining impedance for the at least first electrode and second electrode, and applying current to the subject's retina through the at least first and second electrode, wherein current to be applied by the first electrode and the second electrode is configured to be higher for the first electrode when the first electrode has an impedance lower than a second electrode's impedance.
摘要翻译：刺激受试者视网膜的方法。所述方法包括选择至少第一和第二电极，每个电极被配置为向对象的视网膜施加电流，确定至少第一电极和第二电极的阻抗，以及通过至少第一和第二电极将电流施加到对象的视网膜，其中，当所述第一电极具有比所述第二电极的阻抗低的阻抗时，由所述第一电极和所述第二电极施加的电流被配置为高于所述第一电极。

3. 发明申请

WO2007149291A2 A METHOD FOR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF HUMAN RETINA USING PULSE TRAINS 审中-公开
标题翻译：一种使用脉冲火车电刺激人类血红蛋白的方法
公开(公告)号：WO2007149291A2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-27
申请号：PCT/US2007/013918
申请日：2007-06-14
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , DOHENY EYE INSTITUTE , HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , GREENWALD, Scott, H. , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , FINE, Ione , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , BOYNTON, Geoffrey, M.
发明人： HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , GREENWALD, Scott, H. , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , FINE, Ione , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , BOYNTON, Geoffrey, M.
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046
摘要： An apparatus and method for retinal stimulation are shown. The apparatus comprises an implantable and external portion, and the method comprises varied parameters, including frequency, pulse width, and pattern of pulse trains to determine a stimulation pattern and visual perception threshold.
摘要翻译：显示视网膜刺激的装置和方法。该装置包括可植入和外部部分，该方法包括变化的参数，包括脉冲序列的频率，脉冲宽度和模式，以确定刺激模式和视觉感知阈值。

4. 发明申请

WO2008156501A2 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF HUMAN NEURONS 审中-公开
标题翻译：人类神经电刺激的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：WO2008156501A2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-24
申请号：PCT/US2007/086670
申请日：2007-12-06
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , DOHENY EYE INSTITUTE , HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , GREENWALD, Scott, H. , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , FINE, Ione , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , BOYNTON, Geoffrey, M.
发明人： HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , GREENWALD, Scott, H. , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , FINE, Ione , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , BOYNTON, Geoffrey, M.
IPC分类号： A61N1/36 , A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046

5. 发明申请

WO2007064916A2 FITTING A NEURAL PROSTHESIS USING IMPEDANCE AND ELECTRODE HEIGHT 审中-公开
标题翻译：用阻抗和电极高度拟合神经假体
公开(公告)号：WO2007064916A2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-07
申请号：PCT/US2006/046042
申请日：2006-12-01
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , DOHENY EYE INSTITUTE , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , ROY, Arup , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , WEILAND, James, David , HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , ZHOU, Dao, Min , HINES, Amy , YADAV, Sumit , DAI, Rongqing , FINE, Ione
发明人： GREENBERG, Robert, J. , ROY, Arup , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , HUMAYUN, Mark, S. , WEILAND, James, David , HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , ZHOU, Dao, Min , HINES, Amy , YADAV, Sumit , DAI, Rongqing , FINE, Ione
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： The invention is a method of automatically adjusting an electrode array to the neural characteristics of an individual subject. The response to electrical neural stimulation varies from subject to subject. Measure of impedance may be used to predict the electrode height from the neural tissue and, thereby, predict the threshold of perception. Alternatively, electrode height may be measured directly to predict the threshold of perception. Also, impedance measurement may be used to quickly identify defective electrodes and proper electrode placement.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种将电极阵列自动调整为个体对象的神经特征的方法。对电神经刺激的反应因受试者而异。阻抗测量可用于预测来自神经组织的电极高度，从而预测感知的阈值。或者，可以直接测量电极高度以预测感知的阈值。此外，阻抗测量可用于快速识别有缺陷的电极和适当的电极位置。

6. 发明申请

WO2007035774A1 RETINAL PROSTHESIS WITH A NEW CONFIGURATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用新的配置进行RETINAL PROSTHISIS
公开(公告)号：WO2007035774A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-29
申请号：PCT/US2006/036549
申请日：2006-09-19
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , LITTLE, James, Singleton , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MECH, Brian, V. , TALBOT, Neil, Hamiton , NEYSMITH, Jordan, M.
发明人： GREENBERG, Robert, J. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , LITTLE, James, Singleton , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MECH, Brian, V. , TALBOT, Neil, Hamiton , NEYSMITH, Jordan, M.
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/0543 , A61N1/025 , A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37229 , H05K1/028 , H05K1/0281 , H05K1/118 , H05K3/0014 , H05K3/28 , H05K2201/0133 , H05K2201/09018 , H05K2201/09909 , H05K2203/1105 , H05K2203/1476 , H05K2203/302
摘要： Polymer materials are useful as electrode array bodies for neural stimulation. They are particularly useful for retinal stimulation to create artificial vision, cochlear stimulation to create artificial hearing, and cortical stimulation, and many related purposes. The pressure applied against the retina, or other neural tissue, by an electrode array is critical. Too little pressure causes increased electrical resistance, along with electric field dispersion. Too much pressure may block blood flow. Common flexible circuit fabrication techniques generally require that a flexible circuit electrode array be made flat. Since neural tissue is almost never flat, a flat array will necessarily apply uneven pressure. Further, the edges of a flexible circuit polymer array may be sharp and cut the delicate neural tissue. By applying the right amount of heat to a completed array, a curve can be induced. With a thermoplastic polymer it may be further advantageous to repeatedly heat the flexible circuit in multiple molds, each with a decreasing radius. Further, it is advantageous to add material along the edges. It is further advantageous to provide a fold or twist in the flexible circuit array. Additional material may be added inside and outside the fold to promote a good seal with tissue.
摘要翻译：聚合物材料可用作神经刺激的电极阵列体。它们特别适用于视网膜刺激以产生人造视觉，耳蜗刺激以产生人造听觉和皮质刺激以及许多相关目的。通过电极阵列对视网膜或其他神经组织施加的压力是至关重要的。太小的压力会导致电阻增加以及电场分散。太大的压力可能会阻止血液流动。通常的柔性电路制造技术通常需要使柔性电路电极阵列平坦。由于神经组织几乎从不平坦，平面阵列必然会施加不均匀的压力。此外，柔性电路聚合物阵列的边缘可以是尖锐的并切割精细的神经组织。通过将适量的热应用于完整的阵列，可以引起曲线。对于热塑性聚合物，可以进一步有利的是在多个模具中反复加热柔性电路，每个模具具有减小的半径。此外，沿着边缘添加材料是有利的。在柔性电路阵列中提供折叠或扭曲是更有利的。可以在折叠内部和外部添加附加材料以促进与组织的良好密封。

7. 发明申请

WO2008140980A1 VIDEO CONFIGURATION FILE EDITOR FOR VISUAL PROSTHESIS FITTING AND RELATED METHOD 审中-公开
标题翻译：视频配置文件编辑器，用于视觉配置和相关方法
公开(公告)号：WO2008140980A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-20
申请号：PCT/US2008/062533
申请日：2008-05-02
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , ROY, Arup , ZHOU, Chunhong , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , CASPI, Avraham, I. , MAKSY, Pishoy , GREENBERG, Robert, J.
发明人： ROY, Arup , ZHOU, Chunhong , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , CASPI, Avraham, I. , MAKSY, Pishoy , GREENBERG, Robert, J.
IPC分类号： A61N1/36 , A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37235 , A61N1/37247 , G06K9/4661 , G06T7/0012
摘要： A method of editing a video configuration file downloadable to or from a video processing unit of a fitting system for a visual prosthesis is shown. The visual prosthesis has a plurality of electrodes and the video configuration file defines mapping of a video signal captured from a camera of the visual prosthesis to an electrical signal for the electrodes. The editing controls a brightness map for an individual electrode or electrode groups, together with a temporal stimulation pattern to which an individual electrode or electrode groups are assigned. A related computer-operated system is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：示出了编辑可下载到视觉假体的装配系统的视频处理单元的视频配置文件的方法。视觉假体具有多个电极，并且视频配置文件定义从视觉假体的照相机捕获的视频信号到用于电极的电信号的映射。编辑控制单个电极或电极组的亮度图，以及分配单个电极组的时间刺激图案。还公开了一种相关的计算机操作系统。

8. 发明申请

WO2010027871A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING AND FITTING SPATIO-TEMPORAL VISION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于测量和配置空间视觉的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：WO2010027871A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-11
申请号：PCT/US2009/055085
申请日：2009-08-26
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS , DOHENY EYE INSTITUTE , AHUJA, Ashish , CASPI, Avraham , DORN, Jessy , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , NANDURI, Devyani
发明人： AHUJA, Ashish , CASPI, Avraham , DORN, Jessy , GREENBERG, Robert, J. , MCCLURE, Kelly, H. , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , NANDURI, Devyani
IPC分类号： A61N1/36 , A61N1/05 , A61N1/372
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： This system gives the experimenter great flexibility to present spatio-temporal stimulation patterns to a subject. A video configuration file (VCF) editor allows the experimenter to determine the electrical stimulation parameters for each electrode. A Pattern Stimulation software program allows direct stimulation of chosen patterns of electrodes, scaled by the subject's VCF, through a Graphical User Interface. The subject then responds by drawing the outline of the phosphene he or she perceives on a touchscreen. The Pattern Stimulation program saves all of the trial parameters and the parameters of an ellipse fit to their drawing, as well as a raw data file containing the input to the touchscreen is saved. After the experiment, offline image analysis can be performed to obtain a detailed quantitative description of the subject's percepts. Image descriptors can assigned to the toucscreen data; these image descriptors can be used to make formalized comparisons between various experimental conditions. Various types of image descriptors can be used, including simple ellipse fitting, projections of the 2-D drawings onto one-dimensional axes, calculations of Hu moments, PCA, and ICA.
摘要翻译：该系统给予实验者极大的灵活性，以向受试者呈现时空刺激模式。视频配置文件（VCF）编辑器允许实验者确定每个电极的电刺激参数。图案刺激软件程序允许通过图形用户界面直接刺激由对象的VCF缩放的所选择的电极图案。然后，该主题通过绘制他或她在触摸屏上感知的磷光体的轮廓来进行响应。模式刺激程序将所有试验参数和椭圆参数保存到其图形中，并保存包含触摸屏输入的原始数据文件。实验后，可以进行离线图像分析，以获得对主体感知的详细定量描述。图像描述符可以分配给触摸屏数据; 这些图像描述符可用于在各种实验条件之间进行正式比较。可以使用各种图像描述符，包括简单的椭圆拟合，将二维图纸投影到一维轴上，计算Hu矩，PCA和ICA。

9. 发明申请

WO2007127444A3 VISUAL PROSTHESIS FITTING 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：WO2007127444A3
公开(公告)日：2007-11-08
申请号：PCT/US2007/010363
申请日：2007-04-27
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , DOHENY EYE INSTITUTE , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , ROY, Arup , GREENWALD, Scott , FINE, Ione , HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , CASPI, Avraham, I. , MCCLURE, Kelly, Hobart , GREENBERG, Robert, Jay
发明人： MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , ROY, Arup , GREENWALD, Scott , FINE, Ione , HORSAGER, Alan, Matthew , CASPI, Avraham, I. , MCCLURE, Kelly, Hobart , GREENBERG, Robert, Jay
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/36
摘要： Methods and devices for fitting a visual prosthesis are described. In one of the methods, threshold levels and maximum levels for the electrodes of the prosthesis are determined and a map of brightness to electrode stimulation levels is later formed. A fitting system for a visual prosthesis is also discussed, together with a computer-operated system having a graphical user interface showing visual prosthesis diagnostic screens and visual prosthesis configuration screens.

10. 发明申请

WO2008140981A1 SPATIAL MAPPING FOR A VISUAL PROSTHESIS 审中-公开
标题翻译：空间映射视觉展现
公开(公告)号：WO2008140981A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-20
申请号：PCT/US2008/062540
申请日：2008-05-02
申请人： SECOND SIGHT MEDICAL PRODUCTS, INC. , CASPI, Avraham, I. , DORN, Jessy , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , GREENBERG, Robert, J.
发明人： CASPI, Avraham, I. , DORN, Jessy , MCMAHON, Matthew, J. , GREENBERG, Robert, J.
IPC分类号： A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37235 , A61N1/37247 , G06K9/4661 , G06T7/0012
摘要： A visual prosthesis and a method of operating a visual prosthesis are disclosed. Neural stimulation through electrodes is controlled by spatial maps, where a grouped or random association is established between the pixels of the acquired image and the electrodes. In this way distortions from the foveal pit and wiring mistakes in the implant can be corrected. Moreover, broken electrodes can be bypassed and a resolution limit can be tested, together with testing the benefit the patient receives from correct spatial mapping.
摘要翻译：公开了视觉假体和操作视觉假体的方法。通过电极的神经刺激由空间图控制，其中在所获取的图像的像素和电极之间建立分组或随机关联。以这种方式，可以纠正植入物中的中心凹凹坑和接线错误的畸变。此外，可以绕过破碎的电极，并且可以测试分辨率极限，以及测试患者从正确的空间映射获得的益处。

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