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1. 发明申请

WO2011156469A2 METHOD FOR TREATING AND SEALING PIEZOELECRIC TUNING FORKS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于处理和密封压克力搅拌机的方法
公开(公告)号：WO2011156469A2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-15
申请号：PCT/US2011/039597
申请日：2011-06-08
申请人： BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED , DIFOGGIO, Rocco , LIU, Yi , PEREZ, Louis , BERGREN, Paul , SANDERLIN, Kerry L.
发明人： DIFOGGIO, Rocco , LIU, Yi , PEREZ, Louis , BERGREN, Paul , SANDERLIN, Kerry L.
IPC分类号： G01V3/18 , E21B47/00 , G01N27/06 , G01N33/18
CPC分类号： G01N29/022 , G01N29/028 , G01N2291/02818 , G01N2291/0289 , G01N2291/0427 , H01L41/0533 , H01L41/23 , Y10T29/42
摘要： Disclosed is an apparatus for estimating a property of a fluid. The apparatus includes: a piezoelectric resonator configured to be disposed in the fluid; an electrode embedded in the piezoelectric resonator and included in a resonator circuit configured to output an electrical signal related to the property; a discontinuity defined by a surface of the piezoelectric resonator, the discontinuity altering an impedance of the resonator circuit if a high-dielectric fluid or a conductive fluid is disposed in the discontinuity; and an insulating material disposed in the discontinuity.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于估计流体性质的装置。该装置包括：构造成设置在流体中的压电谐振器; 嵌入在所述压电谐振器中并包括在谐振器电路中的电极，所述谐振器电路被配置为输出与所述特性相关的电信号; 由压电谐振器的表面限定的不连续性，如果高介电流体或导电流体被布置在不连续处，则不连续性改变谐振器电路的阻抗; 以及设置在不连续处的绝缘材料。

2. 发明申请

WO2005103636A1 A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A HIGH RESOLUTION DOWNHOLE SPECTROMETER 审中-公开
标题翻译：一种高分辨率卧式光谱仪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2005103636A1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-03
申请号：PCT/US2005/013479
申请日：2005-04-20
申请人： BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED , DIFOGGIO, Rocco , WALKOW, Arnold , BERGREN, Paul
发明人： DIFOGGIO, Rocco , WALKOW, Arnold , BERGREN, Paul
IPC分类号： G01J3/51
CPC分类号： G01J3/433 , E21B47/102 , G01J3/0202 , G01J3/0262 , G01J3/0291 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/12 , G01J3/26 , G01J2003/1243 , G01N21/31 , G01N2021/3133 , G01N2021/3137 , G01N2021/317
摘要： The present invention provides a simple, robust, and versatile high-resolution spectrometer that is suitable for downhole use. A method and apparatus are provided incorporating a spinning, oscillating or stepping optical interference filter (109) to change the angle at which light passes through the filter(s) after passing through a sample (105) under analysis downhole. As each filter is tilted, the color or wavelength of light passed by the filter changes. Black plates (111) are placed between the filters to isolate each filter's photodiode (113). The spectrometer is suitable for use with a wire line formation tester. The invention is suitable for deployment in a monitoring while drilling environment. A high resolution spectrometer is provided which enables quantification of a crude oil's percentage of aromatics, olefins, and saturates to estimate a sample's gas oil ratio. The percentage of oil-based mud filtrate contamination in a crude oil sample can be estimated.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种适用于井下使用的简单，坚固且通用的高分辨率光谱仪。提供了一种方法和装置，其包括旋转振荡或步进光学干涉滤光器（109），以在通过在井下分析的样品（105）之前改变光通过过滤器的角度。当每个滤光片倾斜时，由滤光片传出的光线的颜色或波长发生变化。将黑色板（111）放置在滤光片之间以隔离每个滤光器的光电二极管（113）。光谱仪适用于电线生成测试仪。本发明适用于在钻井环境中进行监测。提供了一种高分辨率光谱仪，可以定量原油的芳烃，烯烃和饱和物的百分比，以估计样品的瓦斯油比。可以估计原油样品中油基泥浆滤液污染物的百分比。

3. 发明申请

WO2005047647A1 A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DOWNHOLE SPECTROMETER BASED ON ELECTRONICALLY TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：基于电子可控光学滤波器的井下光谱仪的方法与装置
公开(公告)号：WO2005047647A1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-26
申请号：PCT/US2004/037601
申请日：2004-11-10
申请人： BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED
发明人： DIFOGGIO, Rocco , BERGREN, Paul
IPC分类号： E21B47/10
CPC分类号： E21B49/10 , E21B47/06 , G01J3/26
摘要： The present invention provides an apparatus and method for high resolution spectroscopy (approximately 10 picometer wavelength resolution) using a tunable optical filter (TOF) for analyzing a formation fluid sample down hole and at the surface to determine formation fluid parameters. The analysis comprises determination of gas oil ratio, API gravity and various other fluid parameters which can be estimated after developing correlations to a training set of samples using a neural network or a chemometric equation.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种用于分析地层流体样品井下和表面以确定地层流体参数的可调谐滤光器（TOF）的高分辨率光谱仪（约10象素波长分辨率）的装置和方法。分析包括确定瓦斯油比率，API重力和各种其他流体参数，这些参数可以在使用神经网络或化学计量学方法与训练样本集相关联后进行估计。

4. 发明申请

WO2005017503A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DOWNHOLE REFRACTOMETER AND ATTENUATED REFLECTANCE SPECTROMETER 审中-公开
标题翻译：一种井下压力计和衰减反射光谱仪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2005017503A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-24
申请号：PCT/US2004/026101
申请日：2004-08-12
申请人： BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED
发明人： DIFOGGIO, Rocco , WALKOW, Arnold , BERGREN, Paul , PEREZ, Louis
IPC分类号： G01N21/43
CPC分类号： E21B47/102 , G01N21/3504 , G01N21/3577 , G01N21/41 , G01N21/43 , G01N21/552
摘要： The present invention provides a method and apparatus to distinguish between gas and liquid based on the much lower index of refraction of gas. It can also be used to monitor fluid sample clean up over time. The refractive index of a wellbore fluid is determined from the fraction, R , of light reflected off the interface between a transparent window that has a known refractive index and this fluid. Preferably, the refractive index is measured at some wavelength of light for which the fluid is not highly attenuating but is optimally attenuating. The adjacent transmission spectrometer can be used to correct the refractive index measurement for attenuation at those wavelengths, which it monitors. Also, this reflection-based refractometer design can be used as an attenuated reflectance spectrometer at highly attenuating wavelengths.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种基于气体折射率较低的气体和液体区分的方法和装置。它也可用于监测流体样品随时间的清洁。井眼流体的折射率由从具有已知折射率的透明窗口与该流体之间的界面反射的光的分数R确定。优选地，在某些波长的光下测量折射率，其中流体不是高度衰减的，但是是最佳衰减的。相邻的透射光谱仪可用于校正在其监测的那些波长处的衰减的折射率测量。此外，这种基于反射的折射计设计可以用作衰减波长较强的衰减反射光谱仪。

5. 发明申请

WO2003102372A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A HIGH RESOLUTION DOWNHOLE SPECTROMETER 审中-公开
标题翻译：高分辨率卧式光谱仪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2003102372A1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-11
申请号：PCT/US2003/017572
申请日：2003-06-04
申请人： BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED
发明人： DIFOGGIO, Rocco , WALKOW, Arnold , BERGREN, Paul
IPC分类号： E21B49/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/26 , E21B47/102 , E21B49/08 , G01J3/0202 , G01J3/0262 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/433 , G01N21/0317 , G01N21/3504 , G01N21/3577 , G01N21/359 , G01N2021/855
摘要： The present invention provides a method and apparatus incorporating a spinning, oscillating or stepping optical interference filter (109) to change the angle at which light (102) passes through the filters after passing through a sample (105) under analysis downhole. As each filter is tilted, the color or wavelength of light passed by the filter changes. Black plates are placed between the filters to isolate each filter's photodiode. The spectrometer of the present invention is suitable for use with a wire line formation tester to provide supplemental analysis and monitoring of sample clean up. The present invention is also suitable for deployment in a monitoring while drilling environment. The present invention provides a high resolution spectometer which enables quantification of a crude oil's percentage of aromatics, olefins, and saturates to estimate a sample's gas oil ratio (GOR). Gases such as CO 2 are also detectable. The percentage of oil-based mud filtrate contamination in a crude oil sample can be estimated with the present invention by using a suitable training set and chemometrics, a neural network, or other type of correlation method.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种方法和装置，其包括旋转，振荡或步进光学干涉滤光器（109），以改变通过在井下分析的样品（105）之后光（102）穿过过滤器的角度。当每个滤光片倾斜时，由滤光片传出的光线的颜色或波长发生变化。过滤器之间放置黑色板，以隔离每个过滤器的光电二极管。本发明的光谱仪适用于线路形成测试仪，以提供对样品清理的补充分析和监测。本发明也适用于在钻井环境中进行监测。本发明提供了一种高分辨率光谱仪，其能够定量原油的芳烃，烯烃和饱和物的百分比，以估计样品的瓦斯油比（GOR）。气体如二氧化碳也是可以检测的。通过使用合适的训练集和化学计量学，神经网络或其他类型的相关方法，可以用本发明估算原油样品中油基泥浆滤液污染物的百分比。

6. 发明申请

WO2005017316A1 A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DOWNHOLE FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER 审中-公开
标题翻译：一种井下荧光光谱仪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2005017316A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-24
申请号：PCT/US2004/026170
申请日：2004-08-12
申请人： BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED
发明人： DIFOGGIO, Rocco , WALKOW, Arnold , BERGREN, Paul , PEREZ, Louis
IPC分类号： E21B49/08
CPC分类号： G01N21/645 , E21B49/08 , G01J3/0202 , G01J3/0262 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/26 , G01J3/433 , G01J3/4406 , G01N21/0317 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/85 , G01N2021/6417 , G01N2021/6421 , G01N2021/6439 , G01N2021/6482 , G01N2021/855
摘要： The invention comprises an apparatus and method for simple fluorescence spectrometry in a downhole environment using a UV light source (101) and UV fluorescence to determine a parameter of interest for a sample downhole. The UV light source (101) illuminates the fluid (304), which in turn fluoresces light. The fluoresced light is transmitted back towards the UV light source and through the pathway towards an optical spectrum analyzer. API gravity is determined by correlation the wavelength of peak fluorescence and brightness of fluorescent emission of the sample. Asphaltene precipitation pressure is determined by monitoring the blue green content ratio for a sample under going depressurization.
摘要翻译：本发明包括使用UV光源（101）和UV荧光在井下环境中简单荧光光谱法的装置和方法，以确定井下样品的目标参数。 UV光源（101）照亮流体（304），其再次发光。荧光的光被透射回UV光源并通过光路向光谱分析仪传输。 API重力由样品荧光发射峰值荧光波长和亮度的相关性决定。通过监测正在进行的减压下的样品的蓝绿含量比来确定沥青质沉淀压力。

7. 发明申请

WO2003102628A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DOWNHOLE FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER 审中-公开
标题翻译：井下荧光光谱仪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2003102628A1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-11
申请号：PCT/US2003/017649
申请日：2003-06-04
申请人： BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED
发明人： DIFOGGIO, Rocco , WALKOW, Arnold , BERGREN, Paul
IPC分类号： G01V8/02
CPC分类号： G01J3/26 , E21B49/08 , E21B2049/085 , G01J3/0202 , G01J3/0262 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/433 , G01J3/4406 , G01N21/0317 , G01N21/3577 , G01N21/359 , G01N21/64 , G01N2021/6421 , G01N2021/6439 , G01N2021/6482 , G01N2021/855
摘要： The invention comprises an apparatus and method for simple fluorescence spectrometry in a down hole environment. The apparatus and method utilization of two UV light bulbs (204) and an optically clear UV coupler (202) and a fluid containment system (301, 302). The optically clear UV coupler and fluid containment system are made of sapphire. The apparatus is attached in a manner that enables light transmitted from a light source on the far side of the fluid containment system to pass through a pathway in a plate holding the UV bulbs. UV light illuminates the fluid (305), which in turn fluoresces light. The fluoresced light is transmitted back towards the UV bulb mount and through the pathway towards an optical spectrum analyzer (308).
摘要翻译：本发明包括在井下环境中简单荧光光谱法的装置和方法。两个UV灯泡（204）和光学透明UV耦合器（202）和流体容纳系统（301,302）的装置和方法利用。光学透明的UV耦合器和流体容纳系统由蓝宝石制成。该装置以使得能够从流体容纳系统的远侧上的光源透射的光通过保持UV灯泡的板中的路径的方式附接。紫外线照射流体（305），其再次发光。荧光的光被传输回到UV灯座并通过光谱分析仪（308）。

8. 发明申请

WO2003102520A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DERIVATIVE SPECTROMETER 审中-公开
标题翻译：衍生光谱仪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：WO2003102520A1
公开(公告)日：2003-12-11
申请号：PCT/US2003/017648
申请日：2003-06-04
申请人： BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED
发明人： DIFOGGIO, Rocco , WALKOW, Arnold , BERGREN, Paul
IPC分类号： G01J3/433
CPC分类号： G01J3/433 , G01J3/26
摘要： The invention comprises a method of adapting derivative spectrometry for use in a downhole environment and addresses problems that are inherent in this environment. Such problems include, but are not limited to, elevated temperatures and scattering from particles residing within dirty fluid samples. Under such conditions, the photometric resolution of a spectrometer decreases at the same time that the need for better resolution increases. The invention improves the resolution by measuring the first derivative of the spectrum. The derivative spectrometer of this invention operates by vibrating a linear variable interference filter back and forth along the plane of the filter or by oscillating a circular variable filter about some angle. The effect is to oscillate the wavelength of light that is received by each photodetector. The photodetector signal can be electronically filtered to reject signals that are not at the oscillation frequency and which do not have a fixed phase relative to it. In a preferred embodiment, a vibrating actuator is the means to achieve the required oscillations about a given wavelength. Derivative spectrometry gives a higher resolution than normal methods of spectrometry. Through improved resolution, it is possible to estimate the contamination percentage of the crude oil in real time. Furthermore, it is possible to determine whether a contamination percentage is leveling off over time. It is expected that high-resolution spectra enable an improved estimation of the percentages of methane (natural gas), aromatic, olefins, saturates, and other crude oil properties.
摘要翻译：本发明包括一种使衍生光谱法适用于井下环境并解决在该环境中固有的问题的方法。这些问题包括但不限于高温和散布在脏污液体样品中的颗粒。在这种条件下，光谱仪的光度分辨率在增加分辨率需求的同时降低。本发明通过测量光谱的一阶导数来提高分辨率。本发明的导数光谱仪通过沿着滤光器的平面来回振荡线性可变干涉滤光器或通过绕一定角度振荡圆形可变滤波器来操作。其效果是振荡由每个光电检测器接收的光的波长。光电检测器信号可以被电子滤波以拒绝不处于振荡频率且相对于其没有固定相位的信号。在优选实施例中，振动致动器是实现关于给定波长的所需振荡的手段。衍生光谱法比普通光谱法提供更高的分辨率。通过提高分辨率，可以实时估算原油的污染百分比。此外，可以确定污染百分比随着时间流逝是否平整。预计高分辨率光谱可以更好地估计甲烷（天然气），芳烃，烯烃，饱和物和其他原油性质的百分比。

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