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1. 发明申请

WO2012047596A3 AUXILIARY ELECTRODES FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS CONTAINING HIGH CAPACITY ACTIVE MATERIALS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于含有高容量活性材料的电化学电池的辅助电极
公开(公告)号：WO2012047596A3
公开(公告)日：2012-07-26
申请号：PCT/US2011053305
申请日：2011-09-26
申请人： AMPRIUS INC , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I , FASCHING RAINER J , ROBERTS GREGORY ALAN , KOTTENSTETTE RYAN , HAN SONG , LOVENESS GHYRN E
发明人： STEFAN CONSTANTIN I , FASCHING RAINER J , ROBERTS GREGORY ALAN , KOTTENSTETTE RYAN , HAN SONG , LOVENESS GHYRN E
IPC分类号： H01M10/05 , H01M4/38 , H01M10/04 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/058
CPC分类号： H01M10/0525 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/387 , H01M10/049 , H01M10/0587
摘要： Provided are novel electrochemical cells that include positive electrodes, negative electrodes containing high capacity active materials such as silicon, and auxiliary electrodes containing lithium. An auxiliary electrode is provided in the cell at least prior to its formation cycling and is used to supply lithium to the negative electrode. The auxiliary electrode may be then removed from the cell prior or after formation. The transfer of lithium to the negative electrode may be performed using a different electrolyte, a higher temperature, and/or a slower rate than during later operational cycling of the cell. After this transfer, the negative electrode may remain pre-lithiated during later cycling at least at a certain predetermined level. This pre-lithiation helps to cycle the cell at more optimal conditions and to some degree maintain this cycling performance over the operating life of the cell. Also provided are methods of fabricating such cells.
摘要翻译：提供了新颖的电化学电池，其包括正电极，含有高容量活性材料如硅的负电极和含锂的辅助电极。至少在其形成循环之前，在电池中提供辅助电极，并且用于向负极供应锂。然后可以在形成之前或之后从辅助电极中除去辅助电极。可以使用与电池的后续操作循环期间不同的电解质，更高的温度和/或更慢的速率来进行锂向负极的转移。在该转移之后，负电极可以在稍后循环期间至少保持预先确定的水平保持预锂化。该预锂化有助于在更优化的条件下循环电池，并在一定程度上保持电池的使用寿命中的循环性能。还提供了制造这种电池的方法。

2. 发明申请

WO2012054766A3 COMPOSITE STRUCTURES CONTAINING HIGH CAPACITY POROUS ACTIVE MATERIALS CONSTRAINED IN SHELLS 审中-公开
标题翻译：包含高容量多孔活性材料的复合结构
公开(公告)号：WO2012054766A3
公开(公告)日：2012-08-30
申请号：PCT/US2011057158
申请日：2011-10-20
申请人： AMPRIUS INC , FASCHING RAINER J , LIU ZUQIN , HAN SONG , LOVENESS GHYRN E , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I
发明人： FASCHING RAINER J , LIU ZUQIN , HAN SONG , LOVENESS GHYRN E , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I
IPC分类号： H01M4/13 , H01M4/139 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/48 , H01M4/58 , H01M10/0525
CPC分类号： H01M4/0404 , H01M4/0428 , H01M4/0471 , H01M4/049 , H01M4/133 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/1393 , H01M4/1395 , H01M4/364 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/387 , H01M4/58 , H01M4/625 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/52 , H01M2004/021 , H01M2004/027 , H01M2220/30 , Y02E60/122
摘要： Provided are novel electrode material composite structures containing high capacity active materials formed into porous base structures. The structures also include shells that encapsulate these porous base structures. During lithiation of the active material, the shell mechanically constrains the porous base structure. The shell allows lithium ions to pass through but prevents electrolyte solvents from interacting with the encapsulated active material. In certain embodiments, the shell contains carbon, while the porous base structure contains silicon. Although silicon tends to swell during lithiation, the porosity of the base structure and/or void spaces inside the shell helps to accommodate this additional volume within the shell without breaking it or substantially increasing the overall size of the composite structure. This allows integration of the composite structures into various types of battery electrodes and cycling high capacity active materials without damaging the electrodes' internal structures and deteriorating cycling characteristics of batteries.
摘要翻译：提供了包含形成多孔基底结构的高容量活性材料的新型电极材料复合结构。结构还包括封装这些多孔基底结构的壳。在活性物质的锂化期间，壳体机械地约束多孔基底结构。壳体允许锂离子通过，但是防止电解质溶剂与包封的活性材料相互作用。在某些实施方案中，壳包含碳，而多孔基底结构包含硅。虽然硅在锂化期间趋向于膨胀，但是壳体内的基础结构和/或空隙空间的孔隙度有助于在壳体内容纳该附加体积而不破坏壳体或基本上增加复合结构体的整体尺寸。这允许将复合结构集成到各种类型的电池电极中并循环高容量活性材料，而不损害电极的内部结构和劣化电池的循环特性。

3. 发明申请

WO2011060017A3 INTERMEDIATE LAYERS FOR ELECTRODE FABRICATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于电极制造的中间层
公开(公告)号：WO2011060017A3
公开(公告)日：2011-09-29
申请号：PCT/US2010056154
申请日：2010-11-10
申请人： AMPRIUS INC , DELHAGEN WILLIAM S , FASCHING RAINER J , LOVENESS GHYRN E , HAN SONG , BERDICHEVSKY EUGENE M , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I , CUI YI , PLATSHON MARK C
发明人： DELHAGEN WILLIAM S , FASCHING RAINER J , LOVENESS GHYRN E , HAN SONG , BERDICHEVSKY EUGENE M , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I , CUI YI , PLATSHON MARK C
IPC分类号： H01M4/02 , B82B3/00 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/36 , H01M10/0525
CPC分类号： H01M10/052 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/1395 , H01M4/366 , H01M4/661
摘要： Provided are novel electrodes for use in lithium ion batteries. An electrode includes one or more intermediate layers positioned between a substrate and an electrochemically active material. Intermediate layers may be made from chromium, titanium, tantalum, tungsten, nickel, molybdenum, lithium, as well as other materials and their combinations. An intermediate layer may protect the substrate, help to redistribute catalyst during deposition of the electrochemically active material, improve adhesion between the active material and substrate, and other purposes. In certain embodiments, an active material includes one or more high capacity active materials, such as silicon, tin, and germanium. These materials tend to swell during cycling and may loose mechanical and/or electrical connection to the substrate. A flexible intermediate layer may compensate for swelling and provide a robust adhesion interface. Provided also are novel methods of fabricating electrodes containing one or more intermediate layers.
摘要翻译：提供了用于锂离子电池的新型电极。电极包括位于基底和电化学活性材料之间的一个或多个中间层。中间层可以由铬，钛，钽，钨，镍，钼，锂以及其他材料及其组合制成。中间层可以保护基板，有助于在沉积电化学活性材料期间重新分配催化剂，改善活性材料和基板之间的粘附性以及其他目的。在某些实施例中，活性材料包括一种或多种高容量活性材料，例如硅，锡和锗。这些材料在循环过程中倾向于膨胀并且可能失去与基板的机械和/或电连接。柔性中间层可补偿膨胀并提供坚固的粘合界面。还提供了制造含有一个或多个中间层的电极的新方法。

4. 发明申请

WO2011085327A3 VARIABLE CAPACITY CELL ASSEMBLY 审中-公开
标题翻译：可变容量电池组件
公开(公告)号：WO2011085327A3
公开(公告)日：2011-10-20
申请号：PCT/US2011020707
申请日：2011-01-10
申请人： AMPRIUS INC , KOTTENSTETTE RYAN J , BERDICHEVSKY EUGENE M , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I , ROBERTS GREGORY ALAN , HAN SONG , CUI YI
发明人： KOTTENSTETTE RYAN J , BERDICHEVSKY EUGENE M , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I , ROBERTS GREGORY ALAN , HAN SONG , CUI YI
IPC分类号： H01M2/26 , H01M2/22 , H01M2/30
CPC分类号： H01M4/505 , H01M4/131 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/362 , H01M4/485 , H01M4/525 , H01M10/049 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/446 , H01M2004/021 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/4911
摘要： Electrochemical cells containing nanostructured negative active materials and composite positive active materials and methods of fabricating such electrochemical cells are provided. Positive active materials may have inactive components and active components. Inactive components may be activated and release additional lithium ions, which may offset some irreversible capacity losses in the electrochemical cells. In certain embodiments, the activation releases lithium ion having a columbic content of at least about 400 mAh/g based on the weight of the activated material.
摘要翻译：提供了含有纳米结构负极活性材料和复合正极活性材料的电化学电池以及制造这种电化学电池的方法。正极活性物质可能含有非活性组分和活性组分。非活性组分可能被激活并释放额外的锂离子，这可能抵消电化学电池中的一些不可逆容量损失。在某些实施方案中，基于活化材料的重量，活化释放具有至少约400mAh / g的库伦含量的锂离子。

5. 发明申请

WO2011149958A3 MULTIDIMENSIONAL ELECTROCHEMICALLY ACTIVE STRUCTURES FOR BATTERY ELECTRODES 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于电池电极的多电子电化学活性结构
公开(公告)号：WO2011149958A3
公开(公告)日：2012-04-19
申请号：PCT/US2011037767
申请日：2011-05-24
申请人： AMPRIUS INC , LOVENESS GHYRN E , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I , HAN SONG
发明人： LOVENESS GHYRN E , STEFAN CONSTANTIN I , HAN SONG
IPC分类号： H01M4/02 , B82B3/00 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/36 , H01M4/66 , H01M10/0525
CPC分类号： H01M4/68 , H01M4/0421 , H01M4/134 , H01M4/36 , H01M4/70
摘要： Provided are novel multidimensional electrode structures containing high capacity active materials for use in rechargeable electrochemical cells. These structures include main support structures and multiple nanowires attached to the support structures and extending into different directions away from these supports. The active material may be deposited as a layer (uniform or non-uniform) surrounding the nanowires and, in certain embodiments, the main supports and even substrate. The active material layer may be sufficiently thin to prevent pulverization of the layer at given operating conditions. Interconnections between the electrode structures and/or substrate may be provided by overlaps formed during deposition of the active layer. Silicide-based nanowires structures may be formed on the main supports in a fluidized bed reactor by suspending the metal-containing main supports in a silicon-containing process gas. A layer of silicon may be then deposited over these silicide nanowires.
摘要翻译：提供了包含用于可再充电电化学电池的高容量活性材料的新颖的多维电极结构。这些结构包括主支撑结构和附接到支撑结构并延伸到远离这些支撑的不同方向的多个纳米线。活性材料可以作为围绕纳米线的层（均匀或不均匀）沉积，并且在某些实施方案中可以沉积在主载体和甚至基底上。活性材料层可以足够薄以防止在给定操作条件下的层的粉碎。可以通过在活性层沉积期间形成的重叠来提供电极结构和/或衬底之间的互连。可以通过将含金属的主载体悬浮在含硅工艺气体中，在流化床反应器中的主要载体上形成基于硅化物的纳米线结构。然后可以在这些硅化物纳米线上沉积一层硅。

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