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    • 3. 发明申请
    • BONDED NONWOVEN FIBROUS WEBS COMPRISING SOFTENABLE ORIENTED SEMICRYSTALLINE POLYMERIC FIBERS AND APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR PREPARING SUCH WEBS
    • 捆绑非织造纤维织物,包含不饱和的半导体聚合物纤维和装置及其制备方法
    • WO2008016770A1
    • 2008-02-07
    • PCT/US2007/073559
    • 2007-07-16
    • 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANYBERRIGAN, Michael, R.STELTER, John, D.PERCHA, Pamela, A.FOX, Andrew, R.FAY, William, T.
    • BERRIGAN, Michael, R.STELTER, John, D.PERCHA, Pamela, A.FOX, Andrew, R.FAY, William, T.
    • D04H3/00D04H3/16D01F6/62
    • D04H3/16D04H3/00Y10T428/2481Y10T428/249953Y10T428/2913Y10T428/2969Y10T442/3325Y10T442/60Y10T442/614Y10T442/619Y10T442/626Y10T442/641Y10T442/68Y10T442/69
    • A method for making a bonded nonwoven fibrous web comprising 1) providing a nonwoven fibrous web that comprises oriented semicrystalline polymeric fibers, and 2) subjecting the web to a controlled heating and quenching operation that includes a) forcefully passing through the web a fluid heated to at least the onset melting temperature of said polymeric material for a time too short to wholly melt the fibers, and b) immediately quenching the web by forcefully passing through the web a fluid at a temperature at least 50 °C less than the Nominal Melting Point of the material of the fibers. The fibers of the treated web generally have i) an amorphous-characterized phase that exhibits repeatable softening (making the fibers softenable) and ii) a crystallite-characterized phase that reinforces the fiber structure during softening of the amorphous-characterized phase, whereby the fibers may be autogenously bonded while retaining orientation and fiber structure. Apparatus for carrying out the method can comprise 1) a conveyor for conveying a web to be treated, 2) a heater mounted adjacent a first side of the conveyor and comprising a) a chamber having a wall that faces the web, b) one or more conduits through which a heated gas can be introduced into the chamber under pressure and c) a slot in said chamber wall through which heated gas flows from the chamber onto a web on the conveyor, 3) a source of quenching gas downweb from the heater on the first side of the conveyor, the quenching gas having a temperature substantially less than that of the heated gas, 4) gas-withdrawal mean disposed on the second side of the conveyor opposite from the heater, the gas-withdrawal means having a portion in alignment with the slot so as to draw heated gas from the slot through the web and also a portion downweb from the slot in alignment with the source of quenching gas so as to draw the quenching gas through the web to quench the web. Flow restrictor means is preferably disposed on the second side of the conveyor in the path of at least one of the heated gas and the quenching gas so as to even the distribution of the gas through the web.
    • 一种用于制造粘合非织造纤维网的方法,其包括:1)提供包含取向的半结晶聚合物纤维的非织造纤维网,以及2)对所述网进行受控的加热和淬火操作,所述加热和淬火操作包括:a)强制地通过所述幅材加热至 至少所述聚合物材料的起始熔融温度太短而不能完全熔融纤维,和b)通过强力地通过纤维网使流体在比标称熔点低至少50℃的温度下立即淬火, 的纤维材料。 经处理的纤维网的纤维通常具有i)无定形表征的相,其表现出可重复的软化(使得纤维可软化)和ii)微晶特征相,其在无定形表征相的软化期间加强纤维结构,由此纤维 可以保留定向和纤维结构而自动粘合。 用于执行该方法的装置可以包括:1)用于输送要处理的幅材的输送机,2)邻近输送机的第一侧安装的加热器,包括:a)具有面向幅材的壁的室,b)一个或 更多的管道,通过该管道,加热的气体可以在压力下引入室中,c)所述室壁中的槽,加热的气体通过该槽从所述室流到输送机上的幅材上,3)来自加热器的淬火气体源 在输送机的第一侧上,淬火气体的温度基本上小于加热气体的温度,4)排气装置设置在与加热器相对的传送器的第二侧上,气体抽出装置具有一部分 与狭槽对齐,以便从槽中吸收加热的气体通过幅材,以及从狭缝向下的部分,与淬火气体源对准,以便通过幅材抽出淬火气体以淬火幅材。 流量限制器装置优选地设置在输送机的第二侧,在加热气体和淬火气体中的至少一种的路径中,以便甚至气体通过幅材分布。
    • 8. 发明申请
    • NONWOVEN ELASTIC FIBROUS WEBS AND METHODS FOR MAKING THEM
    • 非织造弹性纤维织物及其制造方法
    • WO2005052238A1
    • 2005-06-09
    • PCT/US2004/034666
    • 2004-10-20
    • 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY
    • BERRIGAN, Michael, R.DE ROVERE, Anne, N.EATON, Bradley, W.NOLAN, Brandy, S.ISTA, Troy, K.LINDQUIST, Timothy, J.
    • D04H3/00
    • D04H3/14D01D5/0985D01F6/04D01F6/06D01F6/42D01F6/60D01F6/62D01F6/70D04H3/00D04H3/08Y10T442/601Y10T442/602Y10T442/68Y10T442/681Y10T442/689Y10T442/69Y10T442/697
    • A coherent nonwoven fibrous web comprises directly formed elastic fibers that have a molecular orientation sufficient to provide a birefringence number of at least 1 x 10 -5 and preferably at least 1 x 10 -2 . The web can be made by a method that comprises a) extruding filaments of elastic-fiber-forming material; b) directing the filaments through a processing chamber in which gaseous currents apply a longitudinal stress to the filaments that attenuates and draws the filaments; c) maintaining the filaments at their orienting temperature while the filaments are under attenuating and drawing stress for a sufficient time for molecules within the filaments to become oriented along the length of the filaments; d) cooling the filaments to their orientation-locking temperature while the filaments are under attenuating and drawing stress and further cooling the filaments to a solidified fiber form; and e) collecting the solidified fibers as a fibrous nonwoven web. In a preferred aspect, the method includes the further step of annealing the collected fibers by exposing them to a temperature that is above their shrinking temperature but less than their relaxation temperature, and preferably bonding the fibers after (or before) the annealing step. Dimensionally stable webs comprising elastic oriented fibers are obtained.
    • 相干非织造纤维网包括直接形成的弹性纤维,其具有足以提供至少1×10 -5,优选至少1×10 -2的双折射数的分子取向。 纤维网可以通过以下方法制成:a)挤出成形弹性纤维材料的长丝; b)将细丝引导通过处理室,其中气流对长丝施加纵向应力,所述长丝使长丝衰减并拉伸; c)将长丝保持在它们的定向温度,同时长丝处于衰减和拉伸应力足够长的时间,使细丝内的分子变得沿着长丝的长度取向; d)当细丝处于衰减和拉伸应力下并将细丝进一步冷却至固化的纤维形式时,将长丝冷却至定向锁定温度; 和e)收集作为纤维非织造纤维网的固化纤维。 在一个优选的方面,该方法包括通过将收集的纤维暴露于高于其收缩温度但小于其松弛温度的温度并优选在退火步骤之后(或之前)粘结纤维来退火所收集的纤维的另外步骤。 获得包含弹性取向纤维的尺寸稳定的纤维网。