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    • 1. 发明申请
    • CONCRETE SOLAR CELL
    • 混凝土太阳能电池
    • WO1995016279A1
    • 1995-06-15
    • PCT/US1994013810
    • 1994-12-02
    • STATE OF OREGON, acting by and through the STATE BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION on behalf of OREGON STATE UNIVERSITYARTHUR, John, R.GRAUPNER, Robert, K.MONSON, Tyrus, K.VAN VECHTEN, James, A.WOLFF, Ernest
    • STATE OF OREGON, acting by and through the STATE BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION on behalf of OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
    • H01L31/06
    • H01L31/0384H01L31/022466H01L31/1804Y02E10/547Y02P70/521
    • An inexpensive, robust concrete solar cell (10) comprises a photovoltaic material embedded in and extending beyond the major surfaces (16 and 18) of a matrix layer (14). The matrix layer typically comprises a high strength, cementitious material, such as a macrodefect free cement. The photovoltaic material comprises particles (12) of high-resistivity single crystal silicon, typically ball milled from ingot sections unsuitable for slicing into silicon wafers. The ingot sections include unprecipitated dissolved oxygen that is electrically activated by a low temperature annealing process to produce n-type silicon, even in silicon crystals that include a p-type dopant. An aluminum sheet (28), positioned on the backside of the matrix layer, is briefly melted together with the silicon particles to produce a p-type aluminum-doped silicon region (22) that forms a pn junction with the n-type region (24) of the particle. The aluminum sheet also provides the electrical contact to the p-type regions. The front surface of the matrix layer, from which the n-portion of the silicon particle protrudes, is covered with a translucent indium tin oxide conductive layer (30) that provides electrical contacts to the n-portion of the pn junction and digitated electrode (32) for conducting current off the cell. A voltage is generated between the two conductive layers when light incident on the photovoltaic particle through the indium tin oxide conductive layer creates charge carriers.
    • 廉价,坚固的混凝土太阳能电池(10)包括嵌入并延伸到矩阵层(14)的主表面(16和18)之外的光伏材料。 基质层通常包括高强度的水泥质材料,例如无损坏的水泥。 光伏材料包括高电阻率单晶硅的颗粒(12),通常从不适于切片成硅晶片的晶锭部分球磨。 锭部分包括通过低温退火工艺电活化以产生n型硅的未沉淀的溶解氧,即使在包括p型掺杂剂的硅晶体中也是如此。 位于基质层背面的铝片(28)与硅颗粒一起短暂熔化,以产生与n型区形成pn结的p型铝掺杂硅区(22) 24)颗粒。 铝板还提供与p型区域的电接触。 硅颗粒的n部分从其突出的基质层的前表面被透明的氧化铟锡导电层(30)覆盖,该氧化铟锡导电层(30)提供与pn结的n部分和数字化电极 32)用于将电流从电池中导出。 当通过铟锡氧化物导电层入射到光伏颗粒上的光产生电荷载流子时,在两个导电层之间产生电压。