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1. 发明申请

WO2012172374A1 IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE CONSIDERATION OF EVIDENCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：改进和考虑到证据的考虑
公开(公告)号：WO2012172374A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-20
申请号：PCT/GB2012/051395
申请日：2012-06-18
申请人： LGC LIMITED , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto , RODGERS, Lauren
发明人： PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto , RODGERS, Lauren
IPC分类号： G06F19/18
CPC分类号： G06F19/22 , G06F19/18 , G06F19/24
摘要： In many situations, particularly in forensic science, there is a need to consider one piece of evidence against one or more other pieces of evidence. For instance, it may be desirable to compare a sample collected from a crime scene with a sample collected from a person, with a view to linking the two by comparing the characteristics of their DNA, particularly by expressing the strength or likelihood of the comparison made, a so called likelihood ratio. The method provides a more accurate or robust method for establishing likelihood ratios through the definitions of the likelihood ratios used and the manner in which the probability distribution functions for use in establishing likelihood ratios are obtained The methods provide due consideration of stutter and/or dropout of alleles in DNA analysis, as well as taking into consideration one or more peak imbalance effects, such as degradation, amplification efficiency, sampling effects and the like.
摘要翻译：在许多情况下，特别是在法医科学方面，需要考虑一项证据来证明一项或多项其他证据。例如，可能需要将从犯罪现场收集的样本与从人收集的样本进行比较，以便通过比较其DNA的特征来连接两者，特别是通过表达比较的强度或可能性来进行连接，一个所谓的似然比。该方法通过所使用的似然比的定义以及获得用于建立似然比的概率分布函数的方式来提供用于建立似然比的更准确或鲁棒的方法。这些方法提供适当考虑到口吃和/或辍学 DNA分析中的等位基因，以及考虑到一个或多个峰不平衡效应，例如降解，扩增效率，取样效应等。

2. 发明申请

WO2009066067A1 IMPROVEMENT IN AND RELATING TO THE CONSIDERATION OF DNA EVIDENCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：改进和考虑到DNA证据的考虑
公开(公告)号：WO2009066067A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-28
申请号：PCT/GB2008/003882
申请日：2008-11-19
申请人： FORENSIC SCIENCE SERVICE LIMITED , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
发明人： PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F19/18 , G06F19/24
摘要： Methods for comparing a first DNA profile with a second DNA profile are provided. The likelihood ratio for one hypothesis relative to another, as to the sources of the DNA, is conditioned on quantity of DNA in the test sample providing the first DNA profile and/or another sample providing the second DNA profile.
摘要翻译：提供了用于比较第一DNA谱与第二DNA谱的方法。关于DNA的来源，一个假设相对于另一个假设的似然比被限制在提供第一DNA谱和/或提供第二DNA谱的另一个样品的测试样品中的DNA的量。

3. 发明申请

WO2011110853A1 IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE CONSIDERATION OF EVIDENCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：改进和考虑到证据的考虑
公开(公告)号：WO2011110853A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-15
申请号：PCT/GB2011/050470
申请日：2011-03-10
申请人： FORENSIC SCIENCE SERVICE LIMITED , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto , RODGERS, Lauren
发明人： PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto , RODGERS, Lauren
IPC分类号： G06F19/18
CPC分类号： G06F19/24 , G06F19/18
摘要： In many situations, particularly in forensic science, there is a need to consider one piece of evidence against one or more other pieces of evidence. For instance, it may be desirable to compare a sample collected from a crime scene with a sample collected from a person, with a view to linking the two by comparing the characteristics of their DNA, particularly by expressing the strength or likelihood of the comparison made, a so called likelihood ratio. The method provides a more accurate or robust method for establishing likelihood ratios through the definitions of the likelihood ratios used and the manner in which the probability distribution functions for use in establishing likelihood ratios are obtained. The methods provide due consideration of stutter and/or dropout of alleles in DNA analysis, as well as taking into consideration one or more peak imbalance effects, such as degradation, amplification efficiency, sampling effects and the like.
摘要翻译：在许多情况下，特别是在法医科学方面，需要考虑一项证据来证明一项或多项其他证据。例如，可能需要将从犯罪现场收集的样本与从人收集的样本进行比较，以便通过比较它们的DNA的特性来连接两者，特别是通过表达比较的强度或可能性，一个所谓的似然比。该方法通过所使用的似然比的定义和获得用于建立似然比的概率分布函数的方式来提供用于建立似然比的更准确或鲁棒的方法。该方法适当考虑DNA分析中等位基因的口吃和/或脱落，并考虑到一个或多个峰不平衡效应，例如降解，扩增效率，取样效应等。

4. 发明申请

WO2010116158A1 IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE CONSIDERATION OF EVIDENCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：改进和考虑到证据的考虑
公开(公告)号：WO2010116158A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-14
申请号：PCT/GB2010/000741
申请日：2010-04-09
申请人： FORENSIC SCIENCE SERVICE LIMITED , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
发明人： PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F19/18 , G06F19/24
摘要： A computer implemented method of comparing a test sample result set with another sample result set is provided, the method including: providing information for the first result set on the one or more identities detected for a variable characteristic of DNA; providing information for the second result set on the one or more identities detected for a variable characteristic of DNA; and comparing at least a part of the first result set with at least a part of the second result set; and wherein: the comparing includes a likelihood and the likelihood uses a probability density function conditioned on DNA quantity. Further benefits are obtained from the manner in which the probability density function is obtained and/or the use of probability density functions to account for stutter and/or allele dropout.
摘要翻译：提供了一种将测试样本结果集与另一个样本结果集进行比较的计算机实现方法，所述方法包括：为针对DNA的可变特征检测的一个或多个身份提供关于第一结果集的信息; 提供关于针对DNA的可变特征检测到的一个或多个身份的第二结果集的信息; 以及将所述第一结果集的至少一部分与所述第二结果集的至少一部分进行比较; 并且其中：所述比较包括似然性，所述似然性使用条件为DNA量的概率密度函数。从获得概率密度函数和/或使用概率密度函数来解释口吃和/或等位基因缺失的方式获得进一步的益处。

5. 发明申请

WO2006085094A1 IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO IDENTIFIER INVESTIGATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：改进和相关标识符调查
公开(公告)号：WO2006085094A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-17
申请号：PCT/GB2006/000473
申请日：2006-02-13
申请人： FORENSIC SCIENCE SERVICE LIMITED , NEUMANN, Cedric , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
发明人： NEUMANN, Cedric , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
IPC分类号： G06K9/46
CPC分类号： G06K9/00067
摘要： A method of extracting data from a representation of an identifier, such as a fingerprint is provided. The method includes selecting a plurality of features, such as ridge ends or bifurcations, in the representation of an identifier, considering the positions of those features and generating a reference feature, such a s a centre, from the positions of the plurality of features. The method then links one or more of the features to the reference feature and/or links one or more of the features to one or more of the other features in the plurality of features. From the result, the method extracts data including information on one or more of: one or more of the plurality of features; the reference feature; one or more of the links between a feature and the reference feature; one or more of the links between a feature and another feature.
摘要翻译：提供了从诸如指纹的标识符的表示中提取数据的方法。该方法包括在标识符的表示中选择多个特征，例如脊端或分叉，考虑这些特征的位置并从多个特征的位置生成参考特征，例如中心。该方法然后将一个或多个特征与参考特征相链接和/或将一个或多个特征链接到多个特征中的一个或多个其他特征。从结果中，该方法提取包括关于多个特征中的一个或多个的一个或多个的信息的数据; 参考功能; 特征和参考特征之间的一个或多个链接; 特征与另一特征之间的一个或多个链接。

6. 发明申请

WO2006040573A1 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN PATTERN RECOGNITION, IN PARTICULAR IN FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION 审中-公开
标题翻译：模式识别中的统计分析，特别是指纹识别
公开(公告)号：WO2006040573A1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-20
申请号：PCT/GB2005/003961
申请日：2005-10-14
申请人： THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT , NEUMANN, Cedric , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
发明人： NEUMANN, Cedric , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00093 , G06K9/00073
摘要： A method of comparing a first representation of an identifier with a second representation of an identifier is provided. The method includes providing an expression of the first representation, such as a fingerprint, and considering the expression of the first representation against a probability distribution based on the variation in the expression between different example representations of the second representations, to provide a first consideration. The method also provided for considering the expression of the first representations against a probability distribution based on the variation in the expression between different population representations, to provide a second consideration. By using the first consideration and second consideration together it is possible to provide a measure of comparison between the first representation and the second representation.
摘要翻译：提供了一种将标识符的第一表示与标识符的第二表示进行比较的方法。该方法包括提供第一表示的表达，诸如指纹，并且基于第二表示的不同示例表示之间的表达的变化来考虑针对概率分布的第一表示的表达，以提供第一考虑。该方法还提供了基于不同群体表示之间的表达的变化来考虑针对概率分布的第一表示的表达，以提供第二考虑。通过一起使用第一考虑和第二考虑，可以提供第一表示和第二表示之间的比较的度量。

7. 发明申请

WO2006040576A1 A PROCESS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY THE SKELETONISATION OF A FINGERPRINT IMAGE 审中-公开
标题翻译：提高质量的过程，指纹图像的表征
公开(公告)号：WO2006040576A1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-20
申请号：PCT/GB2005/003968
申请日：2005-10-14
申请人： THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT , NEUMANN, Cedric , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
发明人： NEUMANN, Cedric , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00067
摘要： A method of processing a representation of an identifier, such as a fingerprint, is provided to improve subsequent processing of the representation. The method includes obtaining a representation of an identifier, the representation including one or more components, such as ridges. A part of the representation of the identifier is then defined as being within a neighborhood by reference to a boundary for that neighborhood, such as a rectangle. Any ends for the components which ends fall within the boundary to the neighborhood are then identified, together with any limits for the components. A limit is an element of a component which coincides with the boundary to the neighborhood and/or being an element of the component which forms the junction with one of more of the components, such as a bifurication. A processed representation of the identifier is generated by healing and/or cleaning the representation based upon the inter-relationship between the ends and/or limits of components.
摘要翻译：提供了处理诸如指纹之类的标识符的表示的方法，以改进表示的后续处理。该方法包括获得标识符的表示，该表示包括一个或多个组件，例如脊。标识符的表示的一部分然后通过引用该邻域的边界（例如矩形）被定义为在邻域内。然后识别端部落在邻近边界内的部件的任何端部以及部件的任何限制。极限是与邻域的边界一致的部件的元件和/或与形成与更多部件之一的连接部分的部件的元件，例如分叉。通过基于组件的端点和/或限制之间的相互关系来修复和/或清理表示来生成标识符的处理表示。

8. 发明申请

WO2006040564A1 FEATURE EXTRACTION AND COMPARISON IN FINGER- AND PALMPRINT RECOGNITION 审中-公开
标题翻译：特征提取和手指和PALMPRINT识别中的比较
公开(公告)号：WO2006040564A1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-20
申请号：PCT/GB2005/003945
申请日：2005-10-14
申请人： THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT , NEUMANN, Cedric , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
发明人： NEUMANN, Cedric , PUCH-SOLIS, Roberto
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00093 , G06K9/00073
摘要： A method of comparing a first representation of an identifier with a second representation of an identifier, for instance two fingerprints is provided. The method includes selecting a plurality of features in the first representation of an identifier, such as minutia, and linking each feature to one or more of the other features. The information on the features, such as is the minutia type, and on the link or links, such as distance, can then be expressed as a vector. By comparing the vector for the first representation with a vector for the second representation information on the possibilities for them having a common source can be obtained.
摘要翻译：提供了将标识符的第一表示与标识符的第二表示（例如两个指纹）进行比较的方法。该方法包括在诸如细节的标识符的第一表示中选择多个特征，并且将每个特征链接到一个或多个其他特征。关于特征的信息，例如细节类型，以及链接或链接，如距离，可以表示为向量。通过将用于第一表示的向量与用于第二表示的向量进行比较，可以获得关于它们具有共同源的可能性的信息。

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