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1. 发明申请

WO2006084245A3 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING OFF-TOPIC ESSAYS WITHOUT TOPIC-SPECIFIC TRAINING 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于检测主题特征训练的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：WO2006084245A3
公开(公告)日：2009-06-04
申请号：PCT/US2006004130
申请日：2006-02-03
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , HIGGINS DERRICK , BURSTEIN JILL
发明人： HIGGINS DERRICK , BURSTEIN JILL
IPC分类号： G09B3/02
CPC分类号： G09B7/02 , G09B7/00
摘要： Methods and systems for detecting off-topic essays are described that do not require training using human-scored essays. The methods can detect different types of off-topic essays, such as unexpected topic essays and bad faith essays. Unexpected topic essays are essays that address an incorrect topic. Bad faith essays address no topic. The methods can use content vector analysis to determine the similarity between the essay and one or more prompts. If the essay prompt with which an essay is associated is among the most similar to the essay, the essay is on-topic. Otherwise, the essay is considered to be an unexpected topic essay. Similarly, if the essay is sufficiently dissimilar to all essay prompts, the essay is considered to be a bad faith essay.
摘要翻译：描述了用于检测非主题论文的方法和系统，其不需要使用人类评分的散文的训练。这些方法可以检测不同类型的脱离主题的散文，如意想不到的主题论文和恶意论文。意外的主题散文是解决不正确主题的散文。不信任的散文不会讲话题。这些方法可以使用内容向量分析来确定论文和一个或多个提示之间的相似性。如果与文章相关的论文提示与文章最相似，则论文是主题。否则，这篇文章被认为是一个意想不到的主题文章。同样，如果这篇文章与所有散文提示完全不同，这篇文章被认为是一个不好的文章。

2. 发明申请

WO2006076280A3 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING PRONUNCIATION DIFFICULTIES OF NON-NATIVE SPEAKERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于评估非本地声音发音不确定性的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：WO2006076280A3
公开(公告)日：2009-04-09
申请号：PCT/US2006000646
申请日：2006-01-10
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , HIGGINS DERRICK , ZECHNER KLAUS , FUTAGI YOKO , LAWLESS RENE
发明人： HIGGINS DERRICK , ZECHNER KLAUS , FUTAGI YOKO , LAWLESS RENE
IPC分类号： G10L11/00 , G06F17/27 , G09B7/00 , G09B19/00 , G09B19/04 , G10L13/00 , G10L15/00 , G10L21/06
CPC分类号： G09B19/06 , G10L15/19
摘要： The present disclosure presents a useful metric for assessing the relative difficulty which non-native speakers face in pronouncing a given utterance and a method and systems for using such a metric in the evaluation and assessment of the utterances of non- native speakers. In an embodiment, the metric may be based on both known sources of difficulty for language learners and a corpus-based measure of cross-language sound differences. The method may be applied to speakers who primarily speak a first language speaking utterances in any non-native second language.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了一种用于评估非母语者在发音给定语音时面临的相对难度的有用指标，以及在评估和评估非母语者话语时使用这种度量的方法和系统。在一个实施例中，度量可以基于用于语言学习者的已知的困难来源和基于语料库的跨语言音差的度量。该方法可以应用于主要以任何非本地第二语言讲第一语言说话的扬声器。

3. 发明申请

WO2012134997A3 NON-SCORABLE RESPONSE FILTERS FOR SPEECH SCORING SYSTEMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：不适用于语音分类系统的响应过滤器
公开(公告)号：WO2012134997A3
公开(公告)日：2014-05-01
申请号：PCT/US2012030285
申请日：2012-03-23
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , YOON SU-YOUN , HIGGINS DERRICK , EVANINI KEELAN , ZECHNER KLAUS
发明人： YOON SU-YOUN , HIGGINS DERRICK , EVANINI KEELAN , ZECHNER KLAUS
IPC分类号： G10L15/00 , G10L25/60 , G10L25/78 , G10L25/90
CPC分类号： G09B19/06 , G10L15/005 , G10L15/26 , G10L25/60 , G10L25/78 , G10L25/90
摘要： A method for scoring non-native speech includes receiving a speech sample spoken by a non-native speaker and performing automatic speech recognition and metric extraction on the speech sample to generate a transcript of the speech sample and a speech metric associated with the speech sample. The method further includes determining whether the speech sample is scorable or non-scorable based upon the transcript and speech metric, where the determination is based on an audio quality of the speech sample, an amount of speech of the speech sample, a degree to which the speech sample is off-topic, whether the speech sample includes speech from an incorrect language, or whether the speech sample includes plagiarized material. When the sample is determined to be non-scorable, an indication of non-scorability is associated with the speech sample. When the sample is determined to be scorable, the sample is provided to a scoring model for scoring.
摘要翻译：用于对非本机语音进行评分的方法包括接收由非本地语音讲话者所说出的语音样本，并在语音样本上执行自动语音识别和度量提取，以产生语音样本的抄本和与语音样本相关联的语音度量。该方法还包括基于抄本和语音度量确定语音样本是可划分的还是不可读的，其中确定是基于语音样本的音频质量，语音样本的语音量，语音样本是脱离主题的，语音样本是否包含来自不正确语言的语音，或者言语样本是否包括剽窃材料。当样本被确定为不可扫描时，不合格性的指示与语音样本相关联。当样品被确定为可扫描时，将样品提供给评分模型进行评分。

4. 发明申请

WO2009097459A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DISAMBIGUATING THE EFFECT OF TEXT DOCUMENT LENGTH ON VECTOR-BASED SIMILARIT SCORES 审中-公开
标题翻译：文本文件长度对基于矢量的相似度影响的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：WO2009097459A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-06
申请号：PCT/US2009/032475
申请日：2009-01-29
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , HIGGINS, Derrick, C.
发明人： HIGGINS, Derrick, C.
IPC分类号： G06K9/62
CPC分类号： G06F17/3069
摘要： A computer-implemented method, system, and computer program product for generating vector-based similarity scores in text document comparisons considering confounding effects of document length. Vector-based methods for comparing the semantic similarity between texts (such as Content Vector Analysis and Random Indexing) have a characteristic which may reduce their usefulness for some applications: the similarity estimates they produce are strongly correlated with the lengths of the texts compared. The statistical basis for this confound is described, and suggests the application of a pivoted normalization method from information retrieval to correct for the effect of document length, hi two text categorization experiments, Random Indexing similarity scores using pivoted normalization are shown to perform significantly better than standard vector-based similarity estimation methods.
摘要翻译：一种计算机实现的方法，系统和计算机程序产品，用于在考虑文档长度的混杂效应的文本文档比较中生成基于矢量的相似性分数。用于比较文本（如内容矢量分析和随机索引）之间的语义相似度的基于矢量的方法具有可能降低其对某些应用的有用性的特征：它们产生的相似性估计与所比较的文本的长度密切相关。对这种混淆的统计基础进行了描述，并提出了从信息检索中应用一个枢轴归一化方法来纠正文档长度的影响。在两个文本分类实验中，使用枢轴归一化的随机索引相似性分数显示出显着优于基于矢量的标准相似度估计方法。

5. 发明申请

WO2006074461A3 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TEXT RETRIEVAL FOR COMPUTER-ASSISTED ITEM CREATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于计算机辅助项目创建的文本检索的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：WO2006074461A3
公开(公告)日：2007-09-20
申请号：PCT/US2006000861
申请日：2006-01-10
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , HIGGINS DERRICK
发明人： HIGGINS DERRICK
IPC分类号： G06F17/28 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/289 , G09B7/00 , G09B7/02
摘要： A tool, method, and system for use in the development of sentence-based test items are disclosed. The tool may include a user interface (300) that may include a database selection field (310), a sentence pattern entry field (320), an option pane (330), and an output pane (340). The tool may search a database for one or more sentences and may generate one or more responses to the one or more sentences (403). The one or more sentences and one or more responses may be used to produce the sentence-based test items (Fig. 1). The tool may allow test items to be developed more quickly and easily than manual test item authoring. Accordingly, test item development costs may be lowered and test security may be enhanced.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于开发基于句子的测试项目的工具，方法和系统。该工具可以包括可以包括数据库选择字段（310），句型图案输入字段（320），选项窗格（330）和输出窗格（340）的用户界面（300）。该工具可以在数据库中搜索一个或多个句子，并且可以对一个或多个句子（403）生成一个或多个响应。可以使用一个或多个句子和一个或多个响应来产生基于句子的测试项目（图1）。该工具可以允许测试项目比手动测试项目创作更快速和容易地开发。因此，可能降低测试项目开发成本并且可以提高测试安全性。

6. 发明申请

WO2006076280A2 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ASSESSING PRONUNCIATION DIFFICULTIES OF NON-NATIVE SPEAKERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于评估非本地声音发音不确定性的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：WO2006076280A2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-20
申请号：PCT/US2006/000646
申请日：2006-01-10
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , HIGGINS, Derrick , ZECHNER, Klaus , FUTAGI, Yoko , LAWLESS, Rene
发明人： HIGGINS, Derrick , ZECHNER, Klaus , FUTAGI, Yoko , LAWLESS, Rene
IPC分类号： G10L17/00
CPC分类号： G09B19/06 , G10L15/19
摘要： The present disclosure presents a useful metric for assessing the relative difficulty which non-native speakers face in pronouncing a given utterance and a method and systems for using such a metric in the evaluation and assessment of the utterances of non-native speakers. In an embodiment, the metric may be based on both known sources of difficulty for language learners and a corpus-based measure of cross-language sound differences. The method may be applied to speakers who primarily speak a first language speaking utterances in any non-native second language.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了一种用于评估非母语者在发音给定语音时面临的相对困难的有用指标，以及在评估和评估非母语者话语中使用这种度量的方法和系统。在一个实施例中，度量可以基于用于语言学习者的已知的困难来源和基于语料库的跨语言音差的度量。该方法可以应用于主要以任何非本地第二语言讲第一语言说话的扬声器。

7. 发明申请

WO2012134997A2 NON-SCORABLE RESPONSE FILTERS FOR SPEECH SCORING SYSTEMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：不适用于语音分类系统的响应过滤器
公开(公告)号：WO2012134997A2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-04
申请号：PCT/US2012/030285
申请日：2012-03-23
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , YOON, Su-Youn , HIGGINS, Derrick , EVANINI, Keelan , ZECHNER, Klaus
发明人： YOON, Su-Youn , HIGGINS, Derrick , EVANINI, Keelan , ZECHNER, Klaus
IPC分类号： G10L15/18
CPC分类号： G09B19/06 , G10L15/005 , G10L15/26 , G10L25/60 , G10L25/78 , G10L25/90
摘要： A method for scoring non-native speech includes receiving a speech sample spoken by a non-native speaker and performing automatic speech recognition and metric extraction on the speech sample to generate a transcript of the speech sample and a speech metric associated with the speech sample. The method further includes determining whether the speech sample is scorable or non-scorable based upon the transcript and speech metric, where the determination is based on an audio quality of the speech sample, an amount of speech of the speech sample, a degree to which the speech sample is off-topic, whether the speech sample includes speech from an incorrect language, or whether the speech sample includes plagiarized material. When the sample is determined to be non-scorable, an indication of non-scorability is associated with the speech sample. When the sample is determined to be scorable, the sample is provided to a scoring model for scoring.
摘要翻译：用于对非本机语音进行评分的方法包括接收由非本地语音讲话者所说出的语音样本，并在语音样本上执行自动语音识别和度量提取，以产生语音样本的抄本和与语音样本相关联的语音度量。该方法还包括基于抄本和语音度量确定语音样本是可划分的还是不可读的，其中确定是基于语音样本的音频质量，语音样本的语音量，语音样本是脱离主题的，语音样本是否包含来自不正确语言的语音，或者言语样本是否包括剽窃材料。当样本被确定为不可扫描时，不合格性的指示与语音样本相关联。当样品被确定为可扫描时，将样品提供给评分模型进行评分。

8. 发明申请

WO2006084245A2 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING OFF-TOPIC ESSAYS WITHOUT TOPIC-SPECIFIC TRAINING 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于检测主题特征训练的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：WO2006084245A2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-10
申请号：PCT/US2006/004130
申请日：2006-02-03
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , HIGGINS, Derrick , BURSTEIN, Jill
发明人： HIGGINS, Derrick , BURSTEIN, Jill
IPC分类号： G09B7/00
CPC分类号： G09B7/02 , G09B7/00
摘要： Methods and systems for detecting off-topic essays are described that do not require training using human-scored essays. The methods can detect different types of off-topic essays, such as unexpected topic essays and bad faith essays. Unexpected topic essays are essays that address an incorrect topic. Bad faith essays address no topic. The methods can use content vector analysis to determine the similarity between the essay and one or more prompts. If the essay prompt with which an essay is associated is among the most similar to the essay, the essay is on-topic. Otherwise, the essay is considered to be an unexpected topic essay. Similarly, if the essay is sufficiently dissimilar to all essay prompts, the essay is considered to be a bad faith essay.
摘要翻译：描述了用于检测非主题论文的方法和系统，其不需要使用人类评分的散文的训练。这些方法可以检测不同类型的脱离主题的散文，如意想不到的主题论文和恶意论文。意外的主题散文是解决不正确主题的散文。不信任的散文不会讲话题。这些方法可以使用内容向量分析来确定论文和一个或多个提示之间的相似性。如果与文章相关的论文提示与文章最相似，则论文是主题。否则，这篇文章被认为是一个意想不到的主题文章。同样，如果这篇文章与所有散文提示完全不同，这篇文章被认为是一个不好的文章。

9. 发明申请

WO2006074461A2 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TEXT RETRIEVAL FOR COMPUTER-ASSISTED ITEM CREATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于计算机辅助项目创建的文本检索的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：WO2006074461A2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-13
申请号：PCT/US2006/000861
申请日：2006-01-10
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , HIGGINS, Derrick
发明人： HIGGINS, Derrick
IPC分类号： G06F17/28
CPC分类号： G06F17/289 , G09B7/00 , G09B7/02
摘要： A tool, method, and system for use in the development of sentence-based test items are disclosed. The tool may include a user interface that may include a database selection field, a sentence pattern entry field, an option pane, and an output pane. The tool may search a database for one or more sentences and may generate one or more responses to the one or more sentences. The one or more sentences and one or more responses may be used to produce the sentence-based test items. The tool may allow test items to be developed more quickly and easily than manual test item authoring. Accordingly, test item development costs may be lowered and test security may be enhanced.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于开发基于句子的测试项目的工具，方法和系统。该工具可以包括可以包括数据库选择字段，句子模式输入字段，选项窗格和输出窗格的用户界面。该工具可以在数据库中搜索一个或多个句子，并且可以对一个或多个句子生成一个或多个响应。可以使用一个或多个句子和一个或多个响应来产生基于句子的测试项目。该工具可以允许测试项目比手动测试项目创作更快速和容易地开发。因此，可能降低测试项目开发成本并且可以提高测试安全性。

10. 发明申请

WO2005045695A1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING TEXT COHERENCE 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于确定文本相关性的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：WO2005045695A1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-19
申请号：PCT/US2004/035557
申请日：2004-10-27
申请人： EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE , HIGGINS, Derrick , BURSTEIN, Jill , MARCU, Daniel , GENTILE, Claudia
发明人： HIGGINS, Derrick , BURSTEIN, Jill , MARCU, Daniel , GENTILE, Claudia
IPC分类号： G06F17/20
CPC分类号： G06F17/2785 , G06F17/274 , G06F17/277
摘要： A method and system for determining text coherence in an essay is disclosed. A method of evaluating the coherence of an essay includes receiving an essay having one or more discourse elements and text segments. The one or more discourse elements are annotated either manually or automatically. A text segment vector is generated for each text segment in a discourse element using sparse random indexing vectors. The method or system then identifies one or more essay dimensions and measures the semantic similarity of each text segment based on the essay dimensions. Finally, a coherence level is assigned to the essay based on the measured semantic similarities.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在文中确定文本一致性的方法和系统。评估论文一致性的方法包括接收具有一个或多个话语元素和文本段的文章。一个或多个话语元素手动或自动注释。使用稀疏随机索引向量为话语元素中的每个文本段生成文本段向量。该方法或系统随后识别一个或多个散文维度，并基于文章维度测量每个文本段的语义相似度。最后，基于测量的语义相似性，将一致性级别分配给论文。

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