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1. 发明申请

WO2009011596A1 SHOCK ABSORBER 审中-公开
标题翻译：减震器
公开(公告)号：WO2009011596A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-22
申请号：PCT/NO2008/000272
申请日：2008-07-18
申请人： EAB ENGINEERING AS , BAKKE, Harald
发明人： BAKKE, Harald
IPC分类号： E02B17/08 , E02B17/02 , E02B17/04 , F16F9/34
CPC分类号： E02B17/024 , F16F9/346
摘要： A shock absorber for use in lowering heavy structures to the sea floor comprises a cylinder (1) with a piston (2) having a heavy piston rod (3). A plurality of channels (6) extend from the bottom side of the piston (2) to its top side, where the channels are closable by means of a disk-like valve body (7) which permits fluid movement up through the piston to a cylinder chamber (20) above the piston, but not in the opposite direction. The cylinder chamber (20) is provided with a plurality of exit nozzles (21) having diminishing diameter in the direction towards the bottom (13) of the chamber (20). At the lower end of the cylinder it is provided with a number of inlet openings (19), so that when the shock absorber is lowered in the sea together with the structure, the cylinder chamber (20) will automatically fill with sea water. Due to their weight the piston (2) with the piston rod (3) will be in the lower position. When the piston rod (3) impacts against its substructure on the sea floor, it will force the piston (2) upwards in the chamber (20). The valve body (7) will close the channels (6) so that the water in the chamber (20) has to escape mainly through the nozzles (21), thus giving the shock absorber the desired resisting force. When the piston is forced into the cylinder chamber, the nozzles (21) will successively be put out of action, such that the remaining active nozzles will have a steadily reduced flow area. However, the depression velocity of the piston will concurrently become lower, so that the resistance against the piston will be substantially constant. During a further heave movement, the weight of the piston and piston rod and the large flow area in the channels (6) will cause the piston to sink faster than the heave velocity of the structure, so that the piston rod (3) remains in contact with the subsurface.
摘要翻译：用于将重型结构降低到海底的减震器包括具有活塞（2）的具有重的活塞杆（3）的气缸（1）。多个通道（6）从活塞（2）的底侧延伸到其顶侧，其中通道可通过盘形阀体（7）关闭，这允许流体通过活塞向上移动到气缸室（20）在活塞上方，但不是相反的方向。气缸室（20）设置有多个沿朝向腔室（20）的底部（13）的方向减小直径的出口喷嘴（21）。在气缸的下端设置有多个入口开口（19），使得当冲击吸收器与结构一起降低在海中时，气缸室（20）将自动填充海水。由于其重量，具有活塞杆（3）的活塞（2）将处于较低位置。当活塞杆（3）撞击海底上的底部结构时，它将迫使活塞（2）在腔室（20）中向上。阀体（7）将关闭通道（6），使得腔室（20）中的水主要必须通过喷嘴（21）逸出，从而为减震器提供所需的阻力。当活塞被迫进入气缸室时，喷嘴（21）将相继失去作用，使得剩余的活动喷嘴将具有稳定减小的流动面积。然而，活塞的压下速度同时变低，使得对活塞的阻力基本上是恒定的。在进一步的升降运动中，活塞和活塞杆的重量以及通道（6）中的大流动面积将使得活塞比结构的起伏速度更快地下沉，使得活塞杆（3）保持在与地下接触。

2. 发明申请

WO2013085394A1 SHOCK ABSORBER 审中-公开
标题翻译：减震器
公开(公告)号：WO2013085394A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-13
申请号：PCT/NO2012/050244
申请日：2012-12-06
申请人： EAB ENGINEERING AS
发明人： BAKKE, Harald
IPC分类号： E02B17/02 , F16F9/34
CPC分类号： F16F9/348 , E02B17/024 , F16F9/49
摘要： A shock absorber for use in lowering heavy structures to the sea floor comprises a cylinder (1) with a piston (2) having a heavy piston rod (3). A plurality of channels (6) extend from the bottom side of the piston (2) to its top side, where the channels are closable by means of a disk-like valve body (7) which permits fluid movement up through the piston to a cylinder chamber (20) above the piston, but not in the opposite direction. The cylinder chamber (20) is provided with a plurality of exit nozzles (21) having decreasing diameter in the direction towards the bottom (12) of the chamber (20). At the lower end of the cylinder, it is provided with a number of inlet openings (19), so that when the shock absorber is lowered in the sea together with the structure, the cylinder chamber (20) will automatically fill with sea water. Due to their weight, the piston (2) with the piston rod (3) will be in the lower position. When the piston rod (3) impacts against its substructure on the sea floor, it will force the piston (2) upwards in the chamber (20). The valve body (7) will close the channels (6) so that the water in the chamber (20) has to escape mainly through the nozzles (21), thus giving the shock absorber the desired resisting force. On its bottom side, the piston (2) is provided with a depending skirt (5), which in the lower position of the piston fits with a given clearance into a slightly conical pocket (23) in an end piece (14) which at the bottom closes the cylinder (1) around the piston rod (3). In the transport position, the piston rod will be completely retracted into the cylinder (1) and be locked at the bottom with a pivotable locking pin (16). In order to make the shock absorber ready for use, the piston rod (3) is released and would, due to its large weight, have made the piston (2) impact against the end piece (14) with a large and noisy force. However, the fall is braked since the water in the pocket (23) which is displaced by the skirt, will have to pass a gradually narrower passage between the skirt (5) and the pocket (23).
摘要翻译：用于将重型结构降低到海底的减震器包括具有活塞（2）的具有重的活塞杆（3）的气缸（1）。多个通道（6）从活塞（2）的底侧延伸到其顶侧，其中通道可通过盘形阀体（7）关闭，这允许流体通过活塞向上移动到气缸室（20）在活塞上方，但不是相反的方向。气缸室（20）设置有多个出口喷嘴（21），其沿着朝向腔室（20）的底部（12）的方向具有减小的直径。在气缸的下端设置有多个入口（19），使得当减震器与结构一起降低在海中时，气缸室（20）将自动填充海水。由于其重量，具有活塞杆（3）的活塞（2）将处于较低位置。当活塞杆（3）撞击海底上的底部结构时，它将迫使活塞（2）在腔室（20）中向上。阀体（7）将关闭通道（6），使得腔室（20）中的水主要必须通过喷嘴（21）逸出，从而为减震器提供所需的阻力。在其底侧，活塞（2）设置有悬垂裙部（5），其在活塞的下部位置以给定的间隙装配到末端件（14）中的稍微锥形的凹部（23）中，在端部件底部关闭活塞杆（3）周围的气缸（1）。在运输位置，活塞杆将完全缩回到气缸（1）中，并用可枢转的锁定销（16）锁定在底部。为了使减震器准备使用，活塞杆（3）被释放，并且由于其较大的重量而使活塞（2）以大的和有噪声的力冲击端部件（14）。然而，由于由裙部移位的口袋（23）中的水将必须在裙部（5）和口袋（23）之间通过逐渐变窄的通道，所以秋天被制动。

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