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1. 发明申请

WO2007046870A2 METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALLOY DEPOSITS AND CONTROLLING THE NANOSTRUCTURE THEREOF USING NEGATIVE CURRENT PULSING ELECTRO-DEPOSITION, AND ARTICLES INCORPORATING SUCH DEPOSITS 审中-公开
标题翻译：生产合金沉积物的方法和使用负电流脉冲电沉积控制其纳米结构的方法和包含这种沉积物的文献
公开(公告)号：WO2007046870A2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-26
申请号：PCT/US2006/019830
申请日：2006-05-23
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , DETOR, Andrew, J. , SCHUH, Christopher, A.
发明人： DETOR, Andrew, J. , SCHUH, Christopher, A.
IPC分类号： C25D3/56
CPC分类号： C25D5/18 , C25D3/56 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12771 , Y10T428/12806
摘要： Bipolar wave current, with both positive and negative current portions, is used to electrodeposit a nanocrystalline grain size deposit. Polarity Ratio is the ratio of the absolute value of the time integrated amplitude of negative polarity current and positive polarity current. Grain size can be precisely controlled in alloys of two or more chemical components, at least one of which is a metal, and at least one of which is most electro-active. Typically, although not always, the amount of the more electro-active material is preferentially lessened in the deposit during times of negative current. The deposit also exhibits superior macroscopic quality, being relatively crack and void free. Parameters of current density, duration of pulse portions, and composition of the bath are determined with reference to constitutive relations showing grain size as a function of deposit composition, and deposit composition as a function of Polarity Ratio, or, perhaps, a single relation showing grain size as a function of Polarity ratio. A specified grain size can be achieved by selecting a corresponding Polarity Ratio, based on these relations. Coatings can be in layers, each having an average grain size, which can vary layer to layer and also in a region in a graded fashion. Coatings can be chosen for environmental protection (corrosion, abrasion) , decorative properties, and for the same uses as a hard chrome coating. A finished article may be built upon a substrate of electro-conductive plastic, or metal, including steels, aluminum, brass. The substrate may remain, or be removed.
摘要翻译：使用具有正和负电流部分的双极波电流来电沉积纳米晶粒度沉积物。极性比是负极性电流和正极性电流的时间积分振幅的绝对值的比。晶粒尺寸可以精确地控制在两种或更多种化学成分的合金中，其中至少一种是金属，并且其中至少一种最具有电活性。通常，虽然并不总是，但是在负电流期间，沉积物中较多的电活性材料的量优先减少。沉积物还具有优异的宏观质量，相对破裂和无空隙。参考电势密度，脉冲部分持续时间和组成的参数，参考显示作为沉积组成的函数的晶粒尺寸和作为极性比的函数的沉积组分的本构关系，或者可能是显示粒度作为极性比的函数。基于这些关系，可以通过选择相应的极性比来实现特定的晶粒尺寸。涂层可以是层，每层具有平均晶粒尺寸，其可以逐层变化，也可以在渐变方式的区域中变化。可以选择涂料用于环境保护（腐蚀，磨损），装饰性能以及与硬铬涂层相同的用途。成品可以建立在导电塑料或金属的基底上，包括钢，铝，黄铜。衬底可以保留或被移除。

2. 发明申请

WO2006076155A3 PRODUCTION OF METAL GLASS IN BULK FORM 审中-公开
标题翻译：生产大量金属玻璃
公开(公告)号：WO2006076155A3
公开(公告)日：2007-06-07
申请号：PCT/US2005046917
申请日：2005-12-27
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY , SCHUH CHRISTOPHER A , DETOR ANDREW J
发明人： SCHUH CHRISTOPHER A , DETOR ANDREW J
IPC分类号： C25D1/00 , C25D3/56 , C25D3/58
CPC分类号： C25D21/12 , C25D3/66 , C25D5/022 , C25D21/18
摘要： A method for fabricating metal glasses in bulk form uses electrodeposition. Careful control is maintained of: (i) bath chemistry, (ii) deposition temperature; and (iii) electrical plating conditions, such as the current density, for an extended period of time, such as six hours. Composition of electrodeposition liquid is closely controlled, and adjusted when it differs from desired. Monitoring can be active, as by spectrophotometric analysis, or by comparison of time to a calibration table. A dissolving anode can replenish depleted components. Temperature of the liquid is typically maintained within ±2°C. Object composition can be, but is not limited to: Nickel (Ni) and Tungsten (W); Iron (Fe) and Molybdenum (Mo); Iron (Fe) and Tungsten (W); Nickel (Ni) and Molybdenum (Mo); Nickel (Ni) and Phosphorous (P); Nickel (Ni), Tungsten (W) and Boron (B); Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni) and Carbon (C); Iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr), Phosphorous (P) and Carbon (C); Cobalt (Co) and Tungsten (W); Chromium (Cr) and Phosphorous (P); Copper (Cu) and Silver (Ag); Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn); Cobalt (Co) and Zinc (Zn). Metal glass bulk objects can be electroformed from elements that can not be cast, either due to excessively high melting temperatures, or less than perfect miscibility. Metal glass objects can be unitary, or may include a core of another material. Electrodeposition liquid may be aqueous, alcohol, hydrogen chloride, or metal salt. Useful metal glass objects include but are not limited to at least a portion of: a golf clu7b head; a racquet head, for instance a tennis or squash racquet head; a snowboard; a ski edge; knife blade cutting edge; and many different types of springs.
摘要翻译：用于制造散装形式的金属玻璃的方法使用电沉积。保持仔细的控制：（i）浴化学，（ii）沉积温度; 和（iii）电镀条件，例如电流密度，延长的时间段，例如6小时。电沉积液的组成被严格控制，并且当它不同于期望时进行调节。可以通过分光光度分析或通过与校准表的时间比较来监测。溶解阳极可以补充耗尽的组分。液体的温度通常保持在±2℃以内。对象组成可以是但不限于：镍（Ni）和钨（W）; 铁（Fe）和钼（Mo）; 铁（Fe）和钨（W）; 镍（Ni）和钼（Mo）; 镍（Ni）和磷（P）; 镍（Ni），钨（W）和硼（B）; 铁（Fe），镍（Ni）和碳（C）; 铁（Fe），铬（Cr），磷（P）和碳（C）; 钴（Co）和钨（W）; 铬（Cr）和磷（P）; 铜（Cu）和银（Ag）; 铜（Cu）和锌（Zn）; 钴（Co）和锌（Zn）。金属玻璃散装物体可以由于熔融温度过高或不完全的混溶性而由不能铸造的元件电铸而成。金属玻璃物体可以是单一的，或者可以包括另一种材料的核心。电沉积液可以是水，醇，氯化氢或金属盐。有用的金属玻璃物体包括但不限于：高尔夫球杆头部的至少一部分; 一个球拍头，例如网球或壁球拍头; 一个滑雪板滑雪边刀刃切割边; 和许多不同类型的弹簧。

3. 发明申请

WO2007046870A3 METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALLOY DEPOSITS AND CONTROLLING THE NANOSTRUCTURE THEREOF USING NEGATIVE CURRENT PULSING ELECTRO-DEPOSITION, AND ARTICLES INCORPORATING SUCH DEPOSITS 审中-公开
标题翻译：生产合金沉积物的方法和使用负电流脉冲电沉积控制其纳米结构的方法和包含这种沉积物的文章
公开(公告)号：WO2007046870A3
公开(公告)日：2007-10-11
申请号：PCT/US2006019830
申请日：2006-05-23
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INST TECHNOLOGY , DETOR ANDREW J , SCHUH CHRISTOPHER A
发明人： DETOR ANDREW J , SCHUH CHRISTOPHER A
IPC分类号： C25D3/56
CPC分类号： C25D5/18 , C25D3/56 , Y10T428/12493 , Y10T428/12771 , Y10T428/12806
摘要： Bipolar (pulse reversal) current, with both positive and negative current portions, is used to electrodeposit a nanocrystalline grain size deposit. Polarity Ratio is the ratio of the absolute value of the time integrated amplitude of negative polarity current and positive polarity current. Grain size can be precisely controlled in alloys. The deposit exhibits superior macroscopic quality, being relatively crack and void free. Parameters of current density, duration of pulse portions, and composition of the bath are determined with reference to constitutive relations showing grain size as a function of deposit composition, and deposit composition as a function of Polarity Ratio. The parameters can be used to select a specified grain size. Coatings can be in layers, each having an average grain size, which can vary layer to layer and also in a region in a graded fashion.
摘要翻译：使用具有正和负电流部分的双极（脉冲反转）电流来电沉积纳米晶粒度沉积物。极性比是负极性电流和正极性电流的时间积分振幅的绝对值的比。晶粒尺寸可以精确控制在合金中。沉积物显示出优异的宏观质量，相对裂纹和无空隙。参考电势密度参数，脉冲部分的持续时间和浴的组成，参考显示作为沉积物组成的函数的晶粒尺寸和作为极性比的函数的沉积物组成的本构关系来确定。参数可用于选择指定的晶粒尺寸。涂层可以是层，每层具有平均晶粒尺寸，其可以逐层变化，也可以在渐变方式的区域中变化。

4. 发明申请

WO2006076155A2 PRODUCTION OF METAL GLASS IN BULK FORM 审中-公开
标题翻译：生产大量金属玻璃
公开(公告)号：WO2006076155A2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-20
申请号：PCT/US2005/046917
申请日：2005-12-27
申请人： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY , SCHUH, Christopher, A. , DETOR, Andrew, J.
发明人： SCHUH, Christopher, A. , DETOR, Andrew, J.
IPC分类号： C25D5/00 , C25D3/66 , B32B17/06 , B32B15/04
CPC分类号： C25D21/12 , C25D3/66 , C25D5/022 , C25D21/18
摘要： A method for fabricating metal glasses in bulk form uses electrodeposition. Careful control is maintained of: (i) bath chemistry, (ii) deposition temperature; and (iii) electrical plating conditions, such as the current density, for an extended period of time, such as six hours. Composition of electrodeposition liquid is closely controlled, and adjusted when it differs from desired. Monitoring can be active, as by spectrophotometric analysis, or by comparison of time to a calibration table. A dissolving anode can replenish depleted components. Temperature of the liquid is typically maintained within ±2°C. Object composition can be, but is not limited to: Nickel (Ni) and Tungsten (W); Iron (Fe) and Molybdenum (Mo); Iron (Fe) and Tungsten (W); Nickel (Ni) and Molybdenum (Mo); Nickel (Ni) and Phosphorous (P); Nickel (Ni), Tungsten (W) and Boron (B); Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni) and Carbon (C); Iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr), Phosphorous (P) and Carbon (C); Cobalt (Co) and Tungsten (W); Chromium (Cr) and Phosphorous (P); Copper (Cu) and Silver (Ag); Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn); Cobalt (Co) and Zinc (Zn). Metal glass bulk objects can be electroformed from elements that can not be cast, either due to excessively high melting temperatures, or less than perfect miscibility. Metal glass objects can be unitary, or may include a core of another material. Electrodeposition liquid may be aqueous, alcohol, hydrogen chloride, or metal salt. Useful metal glass objects include but are not limited to at least a portion of: a golf clu7b head; a racquet head, for instance a tennis or squash racquet head; a snowboard; a ski edge; knife blade cutting edge; and many different types of springs.
摘要翻译：用于制造散装形式的金属玻璃的方法使用电沉积。保持仔细的控制：（i）浴化学，（ii）沉积温度; 和（iii）电镀条件，例如电流密度，延长的时间段，例如6小时。电沉积液的组成被严格控制，并且当它不同于期望时进行调节。可以通过分光光度分析或通过与校准表的时间比较来监测。溶解阳极可以补充耗尽的组分。液体的温度通常保持在±2℃以内。对象组成可以是但不限于：镍（Ni）和钨（W）; 铁（Fe）和钼（Mo）; 铁（Fe）和钨（W）; 镍（Ni）和钼（Mo）; 镍（Ni）和磷（P）; 镍（Ni），钨（W）和硼（B）; 铁（Fe），镍（Ni）和碳（C）; 铁（Fe），铬（Cr），磷（P）和碳（C）; 钴（Co）和钨（W）; 铬（Cr）和磷（P）; 铜（Cu）和银（Ag）; 铜（Cu）和锌（Zn）; 钴（Co）和锌（Zn）。金属玻璃散装物体可以由于熔融温度过高或不完全的混溶性而由不能铸造的元件电铸而成。金属玻璃物体可以是单一的，或者可以包括另一种材料的核心。电沉积液可以是水，醇，氯化氢或金属盐。有用的金属玻璃物体包括但不限于：高尔夫球杆头部的至少一部分; 一个球拍头，例如网球或壁球拍头; 一个滑雪板滑雪边刀刃切割边; 和许多不同类型的弹簧。

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