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51. 发明申请

WO1991013861A1 METHOD FOR PREPARING N-PROTECTED (2S,3S)-3-ETHYLASPARTIC ACID DIALKYL ESTERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备N-保护的（2S，3S）-3-乙酰氨基二乙醇酸酯的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1991013861A1
公开(公告)日：1991-09-19
申请号：PCT/EP1991000332
申请日：1991-02-22
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , HEYWANG, Ulrich , SCHWARTZ, Harry , CASUTT, Michael
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： C07C229/24
CPC分类号： C07C227/18 , C07K5/06034
摘要： The invention relates to a method for preparing N-protected (2S,3S)-3-ethylaspartic acid dialkyl esters or their salts from unpurified (2S,3S)-3-ethylaspartic acid obtained by enzymatic amination of ethylfumaric acid.

52. 发明申请

WO1991012294A1 LOW VISCOSITY LIQUID CRYSTAL MIXTURE 审中-公开
标题翻译：低粘度液晶混合
公开(公告)号：WO1991012294A1
公开(公告)日：1991-08-22
申请号：PCT/EP1991000156
申请日：1991-01-28
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , HITTICH, Reinhard , PLACH, Herbert , REIFFENRATH, Volker
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： C09K19/42
CPC分类号： C09K19/46 , C09K19/42 , C09K19/44
摘要： The invention relates to a liquid crystal mixture containing one or more compounds of general formula (I), in which R is straight-chain alkyl with 2 to 12 C atoms in which a CH2 group may also be replaced by -O- or -CH=CH-. Ring A is 1,4 phenylene or trans 1,4 cyclohexane and r is 0 or 1, and one or more dielectrically highly positive compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds of general formulae (II), (III) and (IV) in a proportion by weight of the compounds of formula (I) to those of formulae (II), (III) and (IV) of 1:10 to 10:1; formula (II) in which R has one of the meanings given for R and X and Y are independently CH or N; formula (III), in which R has one of the meanings given for R , and X' and Y' are CH2 or O; formula (IV) in which R has one of the meanings given for R , r has the meaning given above, rings A and A have one of the meanings given for A and L is H or F.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及含有一种或多种通式（I）化合物的液晶混合物，其中R 1是具有2至12个C原子的直链烷基，其中CH2基团也可以被-O- 或-CH = CH-。环A为1,4-亚苯基或反式1,4-环己烷，r为0或1，以及选自通式（II），（III）和（IV））化合物的一种或多种介电高度阳离子化合物，（I）化合物与式（II），（III）和（IV）的化合物的重量比为1:10至10:1; 式（II）其中R 2具有对R 1给出的含义之一，X和Y独立地是CH或N; 式（III）其中R 2具有对R 1给出的含义之一，X'和Y'是CH 2或O; 式（IV）其中R 2具有R 1给出的含义之一，r具有上述含义，环A 1和A 2具有对A给出的含义之一，L是 H或F.

53. 发明申请

WO1991011418A1 PARTIALLY FLUORINATED COMPOUNDS 审中-公开
标题翻译：部分氟化合物
公开(公告)号：WO1991011418A1
公开(公告)日：1991-08-08
申请号：PCT/EP1991000102
申请日：1991-01-21
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , BARTMANN, Ekkehard , POETSCH, Eike , FINKENZELLER, Ulrich , RIEGER, Bernhard , PAULUTH, Detlef
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： C07C22/08
CPC分类号： C09K19/3003 , C07C22/08 , C07C25/18 , C07C45/45 , C07C49/813 , C07C2601/14
摘要： Partially fluorinated compounds of formula (I): R -A -Z -(A -Z )m-A -(Y)n-Q-R where R , R , A , A , A , Z , Z , Y, m and n have the meanings given in claim 1 and Q stands for (CFH)o-CF -CFH)p and, if n = 0, for -CF2-CF2-,-CH2CF2- or -CH2-CHF-, and o and p are each equal to 0 or 1, can be used as constituents of liquid crystalline media.
摘要翻译：式（I）的部分氟化化合物：R 1 -A 1 -Z 1 - （A 2 -Z 2）mA 3 - （Y）n Q R 2其中R 1， 1，R 2，A 1，A 2，A 3，Z 1，Z 2，Y，m和n具有权利要求1中给出的含义，Q代表（ CFH）o-CF 2 -CFH）p，如果n = 0，对于-CF 2 -CF 2 - ， - CH 2 CF 2 - 或-CH 2 -CHF-，并且o和p各自等于0或1，可以是用作液晶介质的成分。

54. 发明申请

WO1991009016A1 HALOPHENYL SUBSTITUTED HETEROCYCLIC DERIVATIVES 审中-公开
标题翻译：卤代苯取代的杂环衍生物
公开(公告)号：WO1991009016A1
公开(公告)日：1991-06-27
申请号：PCT/EP1990002071
申请日：1990-12-03
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , COATES, David , SMITH, Graham , GREENFIELD, Simon , KRAUSE, Joachim , HITTICH, Reinhard , POETSCH, Eike , RIEGER, Bernhard
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： C07D213/26
摘要： The invention relates to halophenyl substituted heterocyclic derivatives of formula (I) wherein R?1, -A1-, -A2-, Z, L1¿, Hal, m and o have the meaning given in Claim 1, and to their use as components of liquid crystalline media for electro-optical displays.

55. 发明申请

WO1991005029A1 ELECTRO-OPTICAL LIQUID CRYSTAL SYSTEM 审中-公开
标题翻译：电光液晶系统
公开(公告)号：WO1991005029A1
公开(公告)日：1991-04-18
申请号：PCT/EP1990001649
申请日：1990-10-01
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , COATES, David , MARDEN, Shirley , SMITH, Graham , FINKENZELLER, Ulrich , REIFFENRATH, Volker , HITTICH, Reinhard , WILHELM, Stefan
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： C09K19/00
CPC分类号： C09K19/12 , C09K19/3003 , C09K19/3028 , C09K19/42 , C09K19/44 , C09K19/544
摘要： An electro-optical liquid crystal system of the type P.D.L.C., N.C.A.P. or P.N. comprises a dielectrically positive liquid crystal mixture and another optically transparent medium between two electrodes which may be mounted on substrate plates. The liquid crystal mixture contains one or more compounds of formula (I), where Q is (a), (b) and (c) independently stand for trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluor-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluor-1,4-phenylene and one of A and, if present, A also stands for pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, tetrahydropyrane-2,5-diyl or naphthalene-2,6-diyl, Z and Z independently stand for a single bond, -CH2CH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C=C-, -CH2O- or any combination of these bridge groups, Y and X independently stand for H or F, one of X and Y also stands for Cl, W stands for -CN, -Cl, -F, -CF3, -OCF3, -OCHF2, -NCS or R , R and R independently stand for alkyl with 1 to 12 C atoms in which one or 2 non-neighbouring CH2 groups can also be replaced by -O- or -HC=CH-, and m = 0, 1 or 2.
摘要翻译：一种P.D.L.C.，N.C.A.P.的电光液晶体系。或P.N. 包括介电正极液晶混合物和可以安装在基板上的两个电极之间的另一光学透明介质。液晶混合物含有一种或多种式（I）化合物，其中Q 1是（a），（b）和（c）独立代表反式-1,4-亚环己基，1,4-亚苯基，2 1-氟-1,4-亚苯基，3-氟-1,4-亚苯基和A 1之一，如果存在，A 2也代表吡啶-2,5-二基，嘧啶-2,5 - 二基，1,3-二恶烷-2,5-二基，四氢吡喃-2,5-二基或萘-2,6-二基，Z 1和Z 2独立地表示单键，-CH 2 CH 2 - ，-COO-，-OCO-，-C = C-，-CH2O-或这些桥基的任何组合，Y和X独立地代表H或F，X和Y之一也代表Cl，W代表 - CN，-Cl，-F，-CF 3，-OCF 3，-OCHF 2，-NCS或R 2，R 1和R 2独立地代表具有1至12个C原子的烷基，其中一个或两个非 - - 相邻的CH2基团也可以被-O-或-HC = CH-取代，并且m = 0,1或2。

56. 发明申请

WO1991003001A1 NON-LINEAR OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLYIMIDES 审中-公开
标题翻译：非线性光活性聚阴离子
公开(公告)号：WO1991003001A1
公开(公告)日：1991-03-07
申请号：PCT/EP1990001256
申请日：1990-08-01
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , DORSCH, Dieter , RIEGER, Bernhard
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： G02F01/35
CPC分类号： C08G73/00 , C08G73/10 , G02F1/3616
摘要： Polyamide acids and their reactive derivatives with chemically bound non-linear optically active chromophores which can be converted to polyimides by cyclization, characterized in that the non-linear optically active chromophores have a positive value for the quadratic hyperpolarizability (β) and the polyimides obtained from these compounds are outstandingly suitable for the manufacture of non-linear optical arrangements for use in optical components.

57. 发明申请

WO1991002779A1 LIQUID CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM 审中-公开
标题翻译：液晶介质
公开(公告)号：WO1991002779A1
公开(公告)日：1991-03-07
申请号：PCT/EP1990001359
申请日：1990-08-18
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , COATES, David , GREENFIELD, Simon , SCHEUBLE, Bernhard , WÄCHTLER, Andreas , HITTICH, Reinhard , RIEGER, Bernhard , PLACH, Herbert , BARTMANN, Ekkehard
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： C09K19/30
CPC分类号： C09K19/3001 , C09K19/3003 , C09K19/3028
摘要： Liquid crystalline medium having a high specific resistance and based on a mixture of polar compounds having a dielectric anisotropy greater than +1.5, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds chosen from the group of compounds of formula (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic), where each residue E is a single bond or one of the residues E can also denote -CH2CH2-, and L?1 and L2¿ can denote H or one of the residues L?1 and L2¿ can also denote fluorine, ring B denotes α or β, R?1 and R2¿ independently denote n-alkyl, in which a CH¿2? group can also be replaced by -0-, -CHHal-, CHal2- or -CH=CH-, and X and Y independently denote H or F, provided that at least one of the residues X and Y in the molecule of formula (Ib) or (Ic) denotes F.
摘要翻译：基于具有大于+1.5的介电各向异性的极性化合物的混合物的具有高电阻率的液晶介质，其特征在于其包含一种或多种选自式（Ia ，（Ib）和（Ic），其中每个残基E是单键或残基E中的一个还可以代表-CH 2 CH 2 - ，并且L 1和L 2可以代表H，或残基L 1和L 2中的一个也可以代表氟，环状化合物B代表α或β，R1和R2独立地代表正烷基，其中CH2基团也可以被-O-，CHHal-，-CHal2-或-CH = CH-代替，并且X和Y独立地表示H或F，条件是式（Ib）或（Ic）分子中的X和Y残基中的至少一个表示F.

58. 发明申请

WO1991002765A1 POLYIMIDES FOR STN DISPLAYS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于STN显示的POLYIMIDES
公开(公告)号：WO1991002765A1
公开(公告)日：1991-03-07
申请号：PCT/EP1990001358
申请日：1990-08-18
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , RIEGER, Bernhard , BARTMANN, Ekkehard , POETSCH, Eike
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： C08G73/10
CPC分类号： C08G73/1039 , G02F1/133723 , Y10T428/1023
摘要： Polyamide esters which can be prepared from tetracarboxylic dianhydrides and can be converted into polyimides by alcohol cleavage with cyclization, characterized in that the radicals OR of the ester groups -COOR which are substituted during the polyimide formation are alkoxy radicals having 2 to 5 C atoms which are monosubstituted or polysubstituted by fluorine. Polyimides prepared therefrom are suitable as orientation layers in liquid-crystal display elements and in optical wave guides.

59. 发明申请

WO1991002734A1 PROCESS FOR PREPARING D-(+)-BIOTIN 审中-公开
标题翻译：制备D-（+） - 生物素的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1991002734A1
公开(公告)日：1991-03-07
申请号：PCT/EP1990001235
申请日：1990-07-28
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , CASUTT, Michael , POETSCH, Eike , SPECKAMP, Willem, Nico
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
IPC分类号： C07D495/04
CPC分类号： C07D495/04 , C07D233/40 , C07D233/42 , C07D233/44 , C07F7/1804 , Y02P20/55
摘要： The invention relates to a process for preparing D-(+)-biotin from a cysteinhydantoin of formula (I), where R is H or an R R CH- or SiR R R group in which R and R independently denote H, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or heteroaryl or together denote unsubstituted or substituted alkylene or heteroalkylene, R , R and R independently denote unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or heteroaryl, R is H or a suitable protective group for a nitrogen atom and X is O, S or N-R in which R is an alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl group or dialkylamino group. The invention also relates to intermediate products obtained during the process.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种从式（I）的半胱乙酰甘油制备D - （+） - 生物素的方法，其中R 1是H或R 3 R 4 CH-或SiR 5 R 其中R 3和R 4独立地表示H，未取代或取代的烷基，环烷基，芳基，芳烷基或杂芳基，或一起表示未取代或取代的亚烷基或杂亚烷基，R 5，R 5， R 6和R 7独立地表示未取代或取代的烷基，环烷基，芳基，芳烷基或杂芳基，R 2是H或氮原子的合适保护基，X是O，S或NR 8 其中R 8是烷基羰基，环烷基羰基，芳基羰基，烷氧基羰基或二烷基氨基。本发明还涉及在该过程中获得的中间产物。

60. 发明申请

WO1991001016A1 PROCESS FOR FILLING A LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY WITH A HOMOEOTROPIC EDGE ORIENTATION 审中-公开
标题翻译：用液体边缘方向填充液晶显示的方法
公开(公告)号：WO1991001016A1
公开(公告)日：1991-01-24
申请号：PCT/EP1990001117
申请日：1990-07-10
申请人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ...
发明人： MERCK PATENT GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRÄNKTER ... , RIEGER, Bernhard , FINKENZELLER, Ulrich
IPC分类号： G02F01/1341
CPC分类号： G02F1/1341
摘要： The invention relates to a process for filling a liquid crystal display having a homoeotropic edge orientation with a liquid crystal medium in which an electric or magnetic field is applied during filling.

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