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    • 14. 发明申请
    • THIN LAYER IMAGING PROCESS FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY USING RADIATION AT STRONGLY ATTENUATED WAVELENGTHS
    • 使用强烈衰减波长的辐射微结构的薄层成像方法
    • WO0163359A3
    • 2002-01-10
    • PCT/US0027594
    • 2000-10-05
    • EUV LLCWHEELER DAVID R
    • WHEELER DAVID R
    • G03F7/004G03F7/039G03F7/09G03F7/16
    • G03F7/09G03F7/0045G03F7/039G03F7/168
    • A method for patterning of resist surfaces which is particularly advantageous for systems having low photon flux and highly energetic, strongly attenuated radiation. A thin imaging layer is created with uniform silicon distribution in a bilayer format. An image is formed by exposing selected regions of the silylated imaging layer to radiation. The radiation incident upon the silyliated resist material results in acid generation which either catalyzes cleavage of Si-O bonds to produce moieties that are volatile enough to be driven off in a post exposure bake step or produces a resist material where the exposed portions of the imaging layer are soluble in a basic solution, thereby desilylating the exposed areas of the imaging layer. The process is self limiting due to the limited quantity of silyl groups within each region of the pattern. Following the post exposure bake step, an etching step, generally an oxygen plasma etch, removes the resist material from the de-silylated areas of the imaging layer.
    • 用于抗蚀剂表面图案化的方法,其特别有利于具有低光子通量和高能量,强衰减辐射的系统。 以双层格式制造具有均匀硅分布的薄成像层。 通过将甲硅烷基化成像层的选定区域暴露于辐射而形成图像。 入射到甲硅烷基抗蚀剂材料上的辐射导致酸产生,其催化Si-O键的裂解以产生足够挥发的部分,以在后曝光烘烤步骤中被驱除,或产生抗蚀剂材料,其中成像的暴露部分 层可溶于碱性溶液,从而对成像层的曝光区域进行去溶剂化。 由于图案的每个区域内甲硅烷基的量有限,因此该过程是自限制的。 在曝光后烘烤步骤之后,蚀刻步骤(通常为氧等离子体蚀刻)从成像层的去甲硅烷基化区域去除抗蚀剂材料。
    • 15. 发明申请
    • TREATMENT OF WATER BY CAVITATION
    • 水处理
    • WO1994013587A1
    • 1994-06-23
    • PCT/GB1993002547
    • 1993-12-14
    • GEC ALSTHOM LIMITEDREECE, Michael, PeterWHEELER, David, John
    • GEC ALSTHOM LIMITED
    • C02F01/34
    • C02F1/34
    • A method and apparatus for treating water by a cavitation process in which microscopic bubbles are formed and collapsed by pressure pulses, the energy generated in the collapse destroying any living organisms associated with the bubble. The invention is directed to an improved method in which the water passing through the cavitation region of bubble formation and collapse is subjected to a pressure reduction which greatly facilitates the generation of bubbles. An inverted U-tube (2) is a convenient water duct, providing a reduced pressure at the upper end (4) by a siphonic effect. The cavitation devices (5, 9) are positioned near this upper end and thus subjected to reduced pressure.
    • 通过气蚀法处理水的方法和装置,其中形成微小气泡并通过压力脉冲塌陷,在崩溃中产生的能量破坏与气泡相关联的任何活生物体。 本发明涉及一种改进的方法,其中通过气泡形成和塌陷的空化区域的水经受大大促进气泡产生的减压。 倒U形管(2)是方便的水管,通过虹吸效应在上端(4)提供减压。 空化装置(5,9)位于该上端附近,因此经受减压。
    • 17. 发明申请
    • DETECTION OF BIOAGENTS USING A SHEAR HORIZONTAL SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE BIOSENSOR
    • 使用剪切水平表面声波生物传感器检测生物
    • WO2009005542A2
    • 2009-01-08
    • PCT/US2008/001721
    • 2008-02-08
    • STC.UNMSANDIA CORPORATIONLARSON, Richard, S.HJELLE, BrianHALL, Pam, R.BROWN, David, C.BISOFFI, MarcoBROZIK, Susan, M.BRANCH, Darren, W.EDWARDS, Thayne, L.WHEELER, David
    • LARSON, Richard, S.HJELLE, BrianHALL, Pam, R.BROWN, David, C.BISOFFI, MarcoBROZIK, Susan, M.BRANCH, Darren, W.EDWARDS, Thayne, L.WHEELER, David
    • C12Q1/70
    • G01N33/54373C12Q1/6825G01N29/032G01N33/553G01N2291/0422
    • Viruses and other bioagents are of high medical and biodefense concern and their detection at concentrations well below the threshold necessary to cause health hazards continues to be a challenge with respect to sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity. Ideally, assays for accurate and real time detection of viral agents and other bioagents would not necessitate any pre-processing of the analyte, which would make them applicable for example to bodily fluids (blood, sputum) and man-made as well as naturally occurring bodies of water (pools, rivers). We describe herein a robust biosensor that combines the sensitivity of surface acoustic waves (SAW) generated at a frequency of 325 MHz with the specificity provided by antibodies and other ligands for the detection of viral agents. In preferred embodiments, a lithium tantalate based SAW transducer with silicon dioxide waveguide sensor platform featuring three test and one reference delay lines was used to adsorb antibodies directed against Coxsackie virus B4 or the negative-stranded category A bioagent Sin Nombre virus (SNV), a member of the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae , negative-stranded RNA viruses. Rapid detection (within seconds) of increasing concentrations of viral particles was linear over a range of order of magnitude for both viruses, although the sensor was approximately 50x10 4 -fold more sensitive for the detection of SNV. For both pathogens, the sensor's selectivity for its target was not compromised by the presence of confounding Herpes Simplex virus type 1. The biosensor was able to detect SNV at doses lower than the load of virus typically found in a human patient suffering from hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Further, in a proof-of-principle real world application, the SAW biosensor was capable of selectively detecting SNV agents in complex solutions, such as naturally occurring bodies of water (river, sewage effluent) without analyte pre-processing.
    • 病毒和其他生物制剂具有高度的医学和生物防治问题,其浓度远远低于引起健康危害的阈值的检测在敏感性,特异性和选择性方面仍然是一个挑战。 理想情况下,用于准确和实时检测病毒试剂和其他生物标签的测定不需要对分析物进行任何预处理,这将使它们适用于例如体液(血液,痰)和人造的以及天然存在的 水体(游泳池,河流)。 我们在这里描述了一种强大的生物传感器,其结合了在325MHz频率下产生的表面声波(SAW)的灵敏度与由抗体和其他配体提供的用于检测病毒剂的特异性。 在优选实施例中,使用具有三个测试和一个参考延迟线的具有二氧化硅波导传感器平台的基于钽酸锂的SAW换能器来吸附针对柯萨奇病毒B4或负链A类生物剂Sin Nombre病毒(SNV)的抗体, 汉坦病毒属,布尼亚病毒科,负链RNA病毒的成员。 尽管传感器对于SNV检测的敏感度大约为50x104倍,但对于两种病毒而言,增加浓度的病毒颗粒的快速检测(在几秒钟内)是线性范围的数量级。 对于两种病原体,传感器对其目标的选择性不受1型混合型单纯疱疹病毒的存在的影响。生物传感器能够以低于患有汉坦病毒心肺综合征的人类患者的病毒载量的剂量来检测SNV (HCPS)。 此外,在原理现实应用中,SAW生物传感器能够选择性地检测复杂解决方案中的SNV试剂,例如天然存在的水体(河流,污水流出物),无需分析物预处理。