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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Electrodialysis including filled cell electrodialysis
(Electrodeionization)
    • 电渗析包括电池电渗析(Electrodeionization)
    • US5948230A
    • 1999-09-07
    • US119137
    • 1998-07-20
    • Wayne A. McRae
    • Wayne A. McRae
    • A23C9/144B01D61/44B01D61/46B01D61/48B01D61/58B01J47/08C01B11/04C01B11/06C02F1/42C02F1/44C02F1/467C02F1/469C02F9/00
    • A23C9/144B01D61/44B01D61/48B01D61/58B01J47/08C01B11/04C01B11/06C02F1/441C02F1/469B01D61/025B01D61/027B01D61/145B01D61/147B01D61/422C02F1/42C02F1/44C02F1/4674C02F1/4693C02F1/4695C02F2101/163C02F2201/46115C02F9/00
    • Improved electrodialysis (ED) stacks are disclosed having one or more components selected from the group:a) cation exchange membranes having ion exchange groups predominantly sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent cations and simultaneously therewith, cation exchange granules selective to monovalent cations as packing in the dilute compartments;b) anion exchange membranes having as ion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and substantially no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent anions simultaneously therewith, anion exchange granules selective to monovalent anions as packing in the dilute compartments;c) as packing in the dilute compartment, anion exchange granules which are selective to monovalent anions, or cation exchange granules which are selective to monovalent cations, or cation exchange granules having as exchange groups a predominant amount of sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups, or anion exchange granules consisting of organic polymers having as anion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and almost no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups.
    • 公开了改进的电渗析(ED)堆叠,其具有一个或多个选自以下的组分:a)具有主要为磺酸基团的离子交换基团和少量弱酸性和/或弱碱性基团或膜的阳离子交换膜, 一价阳离子,同时具有选择性的阳离子交换颗粒,作为填充在稀室中的一价阳离子; b)具有作为离子交换基团的离子交换基团的阴离子交换膜仅具有季铵和/或季鏻基团,并且基本上不具有与单价阴离子同时选择性的伯,仲和/或叔胺和/或膦基或膜,阴离子交换颗粒选择性 作为包装在稀释室中的单价阴离子; c)作为稀释室中的填料,对单价阴离子有选择性的阴离子交换颗粒,或对一价阳离子有选择性的阳离子交换颗粒,或具有主要量的磺酸基和交替基团的阳离子交换颗粒, 弱酸性和/或弱碱性基团或由具有阴离子交换基团的有机聚合物组成的阴离子交换颗粒仅为季铵和/或季鏻基团,并且几乎不具有伯,仲和/或叔胺和/或膦基团。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Electrodialysis including filled cell electrodialysis
(electrodeionization)
    • 电渗析包括填充细胞电渗析(电去离子)
    • US5503729A
    • 1996-04-02
    • US233092
    • 1994-04-25
    • Irving D. ElyanowArthur L. GoldsteinRussell J. MacDonaldWayne A. McRaeKeith J. SimsLi Zhang
    • Irving D. ElyanowArthur L. GoldsteinRussell J. MacDonaldWayne A. McRaeKeith J. SimsLi Zhang
    • A23C9/144B01D61/44B01D61/46B01D61/48B01D61/58B01J47/08C01B11/04C01B11/06C02F1/42C02F1/44C02F1/467C02F1/469C02F9/00
    • A23C9/144B01D61/44B01D61/48B01D61/58B01J47/08C01B11/04C01B11/06C02F1/441C02F1/469B01D61/025B01D61/027B01D61/145B01D61/147B01D61/422C02F1/42C02F1/44C02F1/4674C02F1/4693C02F1/4695C02F2101/163C02F2201/46115C02F9/00
    • Electrodialysis ("ED") stacks are disclosed having components selected from the group:a) cation exchange ("CX") membranes and/or CX granules having in at least a surface a predominant amount of sulfonate exchange groups and a minor amount of weakly ionized exchange groups;b) anion exchange ("AX") membranes and/or AX granules having in at least a surface substantially only quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium exchange groups which upon decomposition leave almost no amine or phosphine groups bound to the membranes or granules;c) AX and/or CX granules which are selective to monovalent ions at currents which are fractions of the limiting current of such granules;d) AX and/or CX membranes and granules, such membranes and granules selective to monovalent ions at currents which are fractions of the limiting current of such membranes and granules;e) ion exchange ("IX") granules in which the concentration of IX groups in the inner regions is a fraction (including zero) of the concentration in the outer regions;f) AX membranes and/or granules having in at least a surface AX groups having the formula ##STR1## where the R's represent substituents other than hydroxyethyl having at least two carbon atoms, at least one of the R's represents the polymeric structure of such membranes or granules, or a connection thereto, where two or more R's may represent ring structures and A represents nitrogen or phosphorus.Also disclosed are processes for softening, de-nitrating, de-silicizing or demineralizing water or for removing ash from milk products.
    • 公开了电渗析(“ED”)堆,其具有选自以下的组分:a)阳离子交换(“CX”)膜和/或CX颗粒,其在至少一个表面中具有主要量的磺酸盐交换基团和少量的弱 离子交换基团; b)阴离子交换(“AX”)膜和/或AX颗粒,其在至少表面上具有基本上仅季铵和/或鏻交换基团,其在分解时几乎不会与膜或颗粒结合的胺或膦基; c)AX和/或CX颗粒,其在这些颗粒的极限电流的分数的电流下对单价离子是选择性的; d)AX和/或CX膜和颗粒,这些膜和颗粒对于这些膜和颗粒的极限电流分数的电流对单价离子是选择性的; e)离子交换(“IX”)颗粒,其中内部区域中的IX基团的浓度是外部区域中浓度的分数(包括零); f)在具有式“IMAGE”的至少一个表面AX基团中的AX膜和/或颗粒,其中R代表除具有至少两个碳原子的羟乙基之外的取代基,R'中的至少一个表示这种膜的聚合物结构 或颗粒,或其连接,其中两个或更多个R可以表示环结构,A表示氮或磷。 还公开了用于软化,脱硝,脱硅或脱矿质水或用于从乳制品中除去灰分的方法。