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1. 发明授权

US06289126B1 Method and apparatus for determining the boundary of an object 失效
标题翻译：用于确定物体边界的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06289126B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-11
申请号：US09131375
申请日：1998-08-07
申请人： Masaki Ishisaka
发明人： Masaki Ishisaka
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： G06K9/0014 , G06K9/48 , G06T5/20 , G06T7/0012 , G06T7/12 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/30024
摘要： The boundary of an object is determined based on its optically captured image by: (a) converting a density data of each of a plurality of pixels forming the captured image into a binary signal; (b) converting the binary signal into a neighbor pixel state value so that only the pixels located on the boundary r in the interior of the object have a value corresponding to the binary signals of the surrounding pixels; (c) normalizing the neighbor pixel state value using an absolute chain direction value of a previous chain direction; (d) obtaining a relative chain direction value for a pixel located on the boundary of the object in the image relative to the direction from which the chain has proceeded, with reference to the neighbor pixel state value of the pixel; (e) calculating an absolute chain direction value of a next chain direction on the basis of the relative chain direction value; and (f) repeating the steps (c) to (e) for each pixel located on the boundary to trace the boundary of the object for determining the boundary.
摘要翻译：基于其光学拍摄图像，通过以下方式确定对象的边界：（a）将形成所述拍摄图像的多个像素中的每一个的密度数据转换为二进制信号; （b）将二进制信号转换为相邻像素状态值，使得只有位于物体内部的边界r上的像素具有与周围像素的二进制信号对应的值; （c）使用先前的链方向的绝对链方向值来归一化邻近像素状态值; （d）参考像素的相邻像素状态值，相对于链已经进行的方向，获得位于图像中物体边界上的像素的相对链方向值; （e）基于相对链条方向值计算下一个链条方向的绝对链条方向值; 以及（f）针对位于边界上的每个像素重复步骤（c）至（e），以跟踪对象的边界以确定边界。

2. 发明授权

US06233369B1 Morphology processing apparatus and method 有权
标题翻译：形态处理装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US06233369B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-15
申请号：US09234396
申请日：1999-01-20
申请人： Michael J. Wilt
发明人： Michael J. Wilt
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： H04W4/00 , G06F13/4027 , G06T1/60 , G06T5/20 , H04L12/44
摘要： The present invention provides a novel system and method that permits a “mask” to be directly incorporated into an image during image processing. This is accomplished by processing binary images or image data which are encoded using two bits rather than the usual one. The second bit is defined to be a “mask enable”, which directs a processor to pass the original data through to the output image regardless of the processing result for that pixel. The present invention also provides a means of automatically providing background data to the processor for pixels outside the original image so that the result image is always the same size as the original image. For binary images, the background may be defined to have a value of “0” or “1”, and this value is provided to the processing engine in place of all of the pixels which lie outside the original image. For gray-scale images, the minimum or maximum possible value is provided to the processing engine in place of all of the pixels which lie outside of the original image, effectively eliminating these values from consideration when the minimum or maximum of the neighborhood pixels is computed. The determination of whether a pixel is outside of the original image is implemented using the framing signals provided by a data flow controller along with the image data.
摘要翻译：本发明提供一种新颖的系统和方法，其允许在图像处理期间将“掩模”直接结合到图像中。这是通过处理使用两个比特而不是常规编码的二进制图像或图像数据来实现的。第二位被定义为“掩码使能”，其指示处理器将原始数据传递到输出图像，而不管该像素的处理结果如何。本发明还提供了一种自动向处理器提供原始图像外的像素的背景数据的装置，使得结果图像总是与原始图像大小相同。对于二进制图像，背景可以被定义为具有值“0”或“1”，并且该值被提供给处理引擎，而不是位于原始图像之外的所有像素。对于灰度图像，将最小或最大可能值提供给处理引擎，代替位于原始图像之外的所有像素，当计算邻近像素的最小值或最大值时，有效地消除这些值。。使用由数据流控制器提供的成帧信号以及图像数据来确定像素是否在原始图像之外。

3. 发明授权

US06282328B1 Machine vision systems and methods for morphological transformation of an image with non-uniform offsets 失效
标题翻译：机器视觉系统和方法用于具有非均匀偏移的图像的形态变换
公开(公告)号：US06282328B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-28
申请号：US09014670
申请日：1998-01-28
申请人： Ranjit P. Desai
发明人： Ranjit P. Desai
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： G06T5/30
摘要： The invention provides machine vision systems and methods for morphological transformation of a source image, e.g., with non-uniform offsets. According to these, pixels from selected “neighborhoods,” or regions, of the source image are rearranged, or unfolded, into respective columns of an intermediate image. For each column in the intermediate image, the method identifies a pixel intensity value of selected rank. Once the pixel intensity value of selected rank is identified for each column, it is retained in a transformation image, e.g., at a location corresponding to center of the respective neighborhood. The foregoing steps are repeated, e.g., along strips or bands, for each neighborhood in the source image.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于例如具有非均匀偏移的源图像的形态变换的机器视觉系统和方法。根据这些，源图像的来自所选“邻域”或区域的像素被重新排列或展开到中间图像的各个列中。对于中间图像中的每列，该方法识别所选等级的像素强度值。一旦为每列识别所选等级的像素强度值，就将其保留在变换图像中，例如，在对应于相应邻域的中心的位置处。对于源图像中的每个邻域重复上述步骤，例如沿着条带或条带。

4. 发明授权

US06259814B1 Image recognition through localized interpretation 失效
标题翻译：通过本地化解读图像识别
公开(公告)号：US06259814B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-10
申请号：US08953338
申请日：1997-10-17
申请人： Radovan V. Krtolica , Roger D. Melen
发明人： Radovan V. Krtolica , Roger D. Melen
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： G06K9/4609 , G06K2209/01
摘要： A printed or handwritten character image is recognized by training (301) a plurality of lookup tables with a set of known referent characters; obtaining (302) a bitmap of a character image to be recognized; mapping (303) the bitmap onto a standardized character matrix; partitioning (304) the matrix into a plurality of sub-matrices; (305) determining a set of candidates for each sub-matrix; and selecting (306) a preferred candidate from among the set of candidates responsive to at least one pre-defined selection criterion. The invention is implemented by means of a scanner (102), a character mapper (104), a matrix partitioner (106), a candidate set builder (108), and a character selector (110).
摘要翻译：打印或手写的字符图像通过训练（301）识别具有一组已知指示字符的多个查找表; 获取（302）要识别的字符图像的位图; 将位图映射（303）到标准化字符矩阵; 将矩阵划分（304）到多个子矩阵中; （305）确定每个子矩阵的一组候选; 以及响应于至少一个预定义的选择标准，从所述一组候选中选择（306）优选候选。本发明通过扫描器（102），字符映射器（104），矩阵分割器（106），候选集合构建器（108）和字符选择器（110）来实现。

5. 发明授权

US06674925B1 Morphological postprocessing for object tracking and segmentation 失效
标题翻译：形态后处理对象跟踪和分割
公开(公告)号：US06674925B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09500259
申请日：2000-02-08
申请人： Todd Schoepflin , Yongmin Kim
发明人： Todd Schoepflin , Yongmin Kim
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： G06T7/251 , G06T7/12 , G06T7/155 , G06T2207/10016
摘要： An object mask and a set of control points defined for a given frame are subjected to morphological processing to remove false edge points and provide a more robust mask for use in tracking the object in a next frame. The morphological processing is performed on a frame by frame basis corresponding to object tracking so that errors added in by the object tracker do not accumulate, and instead are filtered out. Rapidly moving objects which are troublesome for edge-based object trackers are more readily tracked. Also, regions of low contrast or regions locked onto in the background when trying to identify the object are more readily distinguished and eliminated from the object mask.
摘要翻译：对于给定的帧定义的对象掩模和一组控制点进行形态处理以去除假边缘点并提供用于跟踪下一帧中的对象的更加鲁棒的掩码。对应于对象跟踪逐帧地进行形态处理，使得由对象跟踪器添加的错误不积累，而是被滤除。对于基于边缘的对象跟踪器而言麻烦的快速移动的对象更易于跟踪。此外，当尝试识别对象时，低对比度或在背景中锁定的区域更容易被区分并从对象掩模中消除。

6. 发明授权

US06353688B1 Accelerated signal encoding and reconstruction using pixon method 有权
标题翻译：使用pixon方法加速信号编码和重建
公开(公告)号：US06353688B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-05
申请号：US09333172
申请日：1999-06-14
申请人： Richard Puetter , Amos Yahil
发明人： Richard Puetter , Amos Yahil
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： G06T9/005 , G06T9/00
摘要： The method identifies a Pixon element, which is a fundamental and indivisible unit of information, and a Pixon basis, which is the set of possible functions from which the Pixon elements are selected. The actual Pixon elements selected from this basis during the reconstruction process represents the smallest number of such units required to fit the data and representing the minimum number of parameters necessary to specify the image. The Pixon kernels can have arbitrary properties (e.g., shape, size, and/or position) as needed to best fit the data.
摘要翻译：该方法识别Pixon元素，它是基本和不可分割的信息单元，并且Pixon基础是Pixon元素被选择的可能函数的集合。在重建过程中从此基础中选择的实际Pixon元件代表拟合数据所需的最小数量，并表示指定图像所需的参数的最小数量。 Pixon内核可以根据需要具有任意属性（例如，形状，大小和/或位置）以最佳地适合数据。

7. 发明授权

US06236769B1 Machine vision systems and methods for morphological transformation of an image with zero or other uniform offsets 失效
标题翻译：具有零或其他均匀偏移的图像的形态转换的机器视觉系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06236769B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-22
申请号：US09014773
申请日：1998-01-28
申请人： Ranjit P. Desai
发明人： Ranjit P. Desai
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： G06T5/30
摘要： The invention provides machine vision systems for morphological transformation of a source image e.g., adapted for use with zero or uniform offsets. The systems have application, for example, in image erosion or dilation of images of varied image quality. Systems according to the invention compare each pixel in a first row (or line) of the image with a corresponding pixel in a second row of the image. In each comparison, the system identifies the pixel intensity of selected rank. Where the system effects a dilation-type transformation, for example, the comparison seeks a maximum of the compared pixels. For an erosion-type transformation, the comparison seeks a minimum. The pixel intensity value of selected rank (e.g., minimum or maximum) determined from each comparison is retained and, in turn, compared with the intensity values of the corresponding pixels in every other row in the image. These maximum/minimum values are, in turn, compared with the each other and, more particularly, with the values of selected rank (e.g., maximum or minimum) for the neighboring columns. The intensity value of selected rank from among each set of compared values is retained in the transformation image, e.g., in the row and column position corresponding to the center of neighborhood.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了用于源图像的形态变换的机器视觉系统，例如适于零或均匀偏移的使用。该系统具有例如图像侵蚀或扩大不同图像质量的图像的应用。根据本发明的系统将图像的第一行（或线）中的每个像素与图像的第二行中的相应像素进行比较。在每个比较中，系统识别所选等级的像素强度。在系统影响扩张型变换的情况下，例如，比较寻找比较像素的最大值。对于侵蚀型转型，比较寻求最小化。从每个比较确定的所选等级（例如，最小或最大）的像素强度值被保留，并且进而与图像中每隔一行中的对应像素的强度值进行比较。这些最大/最小值依次与彼此进行比较，更具体地，与相邻列的所选等级（例如，最大值或最小值）的值进行比较。每个比较值组中所选择的等级的强度值被保留在转换图像中，例如在对应于邻域中心的行和列位置。

8. 发明授权

US06735336B2 Apparatus for and method of pattern recognition and image analysis 有权
标题翻译：图像识别和图像分析的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US06735336B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-11
申请号：US10144754
申请日：2002-05-15
申请人： Yossi Avni , Eytan Suchard
发明人： Yossi Avni , Eytan Suchard
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , G06K9/00154 , G06K9/66 , G06N3/002
摘要： A method of comparing an input pattern with a memory pattern includes the steps of loading a representation of said input pattern into cells in an input layer; loading a representation of said memory pattern into cells in a memory layer; loading an initial value into cells in an intermediate layers between said input layer and said memory layer; comparing values of cells in said intermediate layers with values stored in cells of adjacent layers; updating values stored in cells in said intermediate layers based on said step of comparing; and mapping cells in said memory layer to cells in said input layer.
摘要翻译：将输入图案与存储器图案进行比较的方法包括以下步骤：将所述输入图案的表示加载到输入层中的单元中; 将所述存储器模式的表示加载到存储器层中的单元中; 将初始值加载到所述输入层和所述存储层之间的中间层中的单元中; 将所述中间层中的单元的值与存储在相邻层的单元中的值进行比较; 基于所述比较步骤更新存储在所述中间层中的单元中的值; 以及将所述存储器层中的单元映射到所述输入层中的单元。

9. 发明授权

US06490374B2 Accelerated signal encoding and reconstruction using pixon method 失效
标题翻译：使用pixon方法加速信号编码和重建
公开(公告)号：US06490374B2
公开(公告)日：2002-12-03
申请号：US09905528
申请日：2001-08-22
申请人： Richard Puetter , Amos Yahil
发明人： Richard Puetter , Amos Yahil
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： G06T9/005 , G06T9/00
摘要： The method identifies a Pixon element, which is a fundamental and indivisible unit of information, and a Pixon basis, which is the set of possible functions from which the Pixon elements are selected. The actual Pixon elements selected from this basis during the reconstruction process represents the smallest number of such units required to fit the data and representing the minimum number of parameters necessary to specify the image. The Pixon kernels can have arbitrary properties (e.g., shape size, and/or position) as needed to best fit the data.
摘要翻译：该方法识别Pixon元素，它是基本和不可分割的信息单元，并且Pixon基础是Pixon元素被选择的可能函数的集合。在重建过程中从此基础中选择的实际Pixon元件代表拟合数据所需的最小数量，并表示指定图像所需的参数的最小数量。 Pixon内核可以根据需要具有任意属性（例如，形状大小和/或位置）以最佳地适应数据。

10. 发明授权

US06208772B1 Data processing system for logically adjacent data samples such as image data in a machine vision system 失效
标题翻译：用于逻辑相邻数据样本的数据处理系统，例如机器视觉系统中的图像数据
公开(公告)号：US06208772B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US08953772
申请日：1997-10-17
申请人： Michael John Wilt , Michael Philip Greenberg
发明人： Michael John Wilt , Michael Philip Greenberg
IPC分类号： G06K956
CPC分类号： G06T3/4007 , G06F13/4027 , G06T1/60 , G06T5/20
摘要： A data processing system including a data processor, also called a processing accelerator, processes at least one processor word each clock cycle. Each processor word includes multiple complete data samples which are received individually as part of a sequential stream of logically adjacent or related data samples such as in image data pixels which are part of an image to be processed by a machine vision system. A predetermined number of the data samples are stored together, as a processor word, in dedicated processing accelerator memory. For example, four 8 bit data samples can be stored together as one 32 bit processor word. The system also includes a data aligner which allows the processing accelerator to process at least one processor word comprised of at least one data sample from two processor words. The aligner controls data sample alignment such as for example, pixel alignment in the case of a vision system, to facilitate image data processing. Various processing units are also disclosed including: a neighborhood formation processing unit which, in a vision system, allows the processing accelerator to evaluate and process data within a neighborhood of one or more particular data elements, such as a pixel.
摘要翻译：包括数据处理器（也称为处理加速器）的数据处理系统每个时钟周期处理至少一个处理器字。每个处理器字包括多个完整数据样本，其被单独地接收为逻辑相邻或相关数据样本的顺序流的一部分，例如作为要由机器视觉系统处理的图像的一部分的图像数据像素。将预定数量的数据样本作为处理器字存储在专用处理加速器存储器中。例如，四个8位数据样本可以一起存储为一个32位处理器字。该系统还包括数据对准器，其允许处理加速器处理由两个处理器字组成的至少一个数据样本的至少一个处理器字。对准器控制数据样本对准，例如在视觉系统的情况下的像素对准，以便于图像数据处理。还公开了各种处理单元，包括：邻域形成处理单元，其在视觉系统中允许处理加速器评估和处理诸如像素之类的一个或多个特定数据元素的邻域内的数据。

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