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    • 6. 发明申请
    • Treatment of crude oil fractions, fossil fuels, and products thereof with ultrasound
    • 用超声处理原油馏分,化石燃料及其产品
    • US20030051988A1
    • 2003-03-20
    • US09863127
    • 2001-05-22
    • Rudolf W. GunnermanPaul S. MooteMark T. Cullen
    • C07C001/00C07C002/00C07C004/00C07C005/00
    • C10G31/00
    • Crude oil fractions, fossil fuels, and organic liquids in general in which it is desirable to reduce the levels of fused-ring compounds, aromatics, and olefins are combined with an aqueous phase to form an emulsion and treated with ultrasound with the effect of opening rings in the fused-ring compounds, saturating aromatics, and converting the olefins to paraffins. In fossil fuels and crude oil fractions, the process raises the API gravity, and in diesel fuels, the process raises the cetane index and thereby improves performance. In fuels and fractions with sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing components, the process reduces the level of these compounds. The process can be performed both with and without the added presence of hydrogen peroxide. The invention is performed either as a continuous process or a batch process.
    • 通常将期望降低稠环化合物,芳族化合物和烯烃的水平的原油馏分,化石燃料和有机液体与水相组合以形成乳液并用超声波处理,具有打开的作用 稠环化合物中的环,饱和芳烃,并将烯烃转化为链烷烃。 在化石燃料和原油馏分中,该过程提高了API重力,并且在柴油燃料中,该过程提高了十六烷指数,从而提高了性能。 在具有含硫和含氮成分的燃料和馏分中,该方法降低了这些化合物的含量。 该方法可以在加入和不加入过氧化氢的情况下进行。 本发明作为连续过程或分批过程进行。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • Heat and material balance method of process control for petrochemical plants and oil refineries
    • 石油化工厂和炼油厂过程控制的热和物质平衡方法
    • US20010049460A1
    • 2001-12-06
    • US09781913
    • 2001-02-09
    • Charles Herzog
    • C07C005/00
    • B01D3/4255C07C7/04C10G7/12
    • A method comprising: a) selecting a loading variable from said operating variables, the loading variable being directly related to total energy input into the system and equipment constraint of the system; b) selecting a performance specification variable which is required to be kept within a defined target at all times during operation of the system; and c) pairing said performance specification variable with a manipulated variable having a mass/balance relationship to said performance specification which is not the loading variable and; d) Controlling said manipulated variable to maintain the performance specification variable with said defined target.
    • 一种方法,包括:a)从所述操作变量中选择加载变量,所述加载变量与系统中输入的总能量和系统的设备约束直接相关; b)在系统的运行期间,随时选择需要保持在定义目标内的性能指标变量; 以及c)将所述性能规格变量与具有与所述性能规范不是加载变量的质量/平衡关系的操纵变量配对; d)控制所述操纵变量以使用所述定义的目标维持所述性能规范变量。