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1. 发明授权

US5557943A Rapid cooling through a thin flexible membrane 失效
标题翻译：通过薄柔性膜快速冷却
公开(公告)号：US5557943A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-24
申请号：US986525
申请日：1992-12-07
申请人： Philip H. Coelho , Terry Wolf
发明人： Philip H. Coelho , Terry Wolf
IPC分类号： A01N1/00 , A23L3/36 , A61J3/00 , A61M1/02 , F25D9/00 , F25D17/02 , H25D17/02
CPC分类号： A23L3/36 , A23L3/364 , A61M1/0277 , F25D17/02 , F25D9/005 , F25D2331/809 , F25D2400/10 , F25D2400/28 , F25D2400/30
摘要： Rapid cooling or freezing of foodstuffs, perishables or blood products is accomplished by using a thin film membrane to totally envelope the foodstuffs or blood product only during the heat extraction period. This thin film encapsulation system closes around the item and is held tightly to the item by atmospheric and/or hydrostatic pressure. Once the item is encapsulated, low temperature heat transfer fluids are then circulated on the exterior surface of the membrane, thus extracting the heat within the item through the thickness of the membrane. Upon completion of the necessary chilling or freezing, the atmospheric and/or hydrostatic pressure is withdrawn and the chilled or frozen item is extracted.
摘要翻译：食品，易腐食品或血液制品的快速冷却或冷冻是通过使用薄膜膜仅在热提取期间完全包封食品或血液制品来实现的。该薄膜封装系统围绕物品封闭，并通过大气和/或静水压力紧紧地保持在物品上。一旦物品被封装，低温传热流体然后在膜的外表面上循环，从而通过膜的厚度提取物品内的热量。完成必要的冷却或冷冻后，取出大气和/或静水压力，并提取冷冻或冷冻物品。

2. 发明授权

US3664146A Food product quick freezing method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：食品快速冷冻方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3664146A
公开(公告)日：1972-05-23
申请号：US3664146D
申请日：1970-12-18
申请人： CLARK EQUIPMENT CO
发明人： BUTTS EDWARD E
IPC分类号： A23B4/06 , F25D9/00 , F25D13/06
CPC分类号： A23B4/062 , F25D9/005 , F25D2400/30
摘要： This is a method and apparatus for the quick freezing of foods products, particularly meat, in which the food product is immersed in a liquid coolant maintained below 32* F. The liquid coolant, in the preferred form, is a halocarbon compound particularly dichlorodifluoromethane (refrigerant 12). The food product is pressed into a flat position by being held between two belts as it is immersed in the refrigerant for freezing. After freezing, the product floats to the top of the refrigerant and is retrieved and passed between low pressure steam or hot air jets to thaw the surface of the food parcel to prepare it for wrapping. After the food parcel is wrapped, it is again refrozen.
摘要翻译：这是用于快速冷冻食品，特别是肉类的方法和装置，其中食品浸入保持在32°F以下的液体冷却剂中。优选形式的液体冷却剂是卤代烃化合物，特别是二氯二氟甲烷（制冷剂12）。当食品浸在制冷剂中以冻结时，将食品压在两个带之间的平坦位置。冷冻后，产品漂浮在制冷剂的顶部，并在低压蒸汽或热空气射流之间取出并通过，以解冻食品包装的表面以准备包装。食物包裹后，再次被冷冻。

3. 发明授权

US3605428A Product freezing with vapor condensation 失效
标题翻译：产品冷冻与蒸汽冷凝
公开(公告)号：US3605428A
公开(公告)日：1971-09-20
申请号：US3605428D
申请日：1970-03-05
申请人： FRICK CO
发明人： SMITH MALCOLM C , GARLAND MILTON W , GRUBB HOLLIS C
IPC分类号： F25D9/00 , F25D13/06 , F25D17/02 , F25D25/04 , F25D17/00
CPC分类号： F25D13/06 , F25D9/005 , F25D17/02 , F25D25/04
摘要： FOOD OR OTHER PRODUCT IS INTRODUCED INTO A HOUSING UNSEALED AT THE TOP IN WHICH THE ATMOSPHERE IS MAINTAINED AT ALL TIMES DURING PRODUCT FREEZING AT A TEMPERATURE LOWER THAN THE SATURATION TEMPERATURE OF THE FREEZING REFRIGERANT AT ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. THE TEMPERATURE IS MAINTAINED BY CONSTANTLY CIRCULATING THE FREEZING REFRIGERANT OVER A LOW TEMPERATURE HEAT EXCHANGER. THE PRODUCT MAY BE SPRAYED AND IMMERSED IN THE FREEZING REFRIGERANT WHOSE SUPPLY IS CONSTANTLY CIRCULATED THROUGH A SEPARATOR FOR REMOVING PRODUCT PARTICLES, ICE AND OTHER FOREIGN MATTER.

4. 发明授权

US3482412A Method of extracting heat from articles with an ebullient liquid freezant 失效
公开(公告)号：US3482412A
公开(公告)日：1969-12-09
申请号：US3482412D
申请日：1969-01-30
申请人： DU PONT
发明人： WALDIN VINCENT H
IPC分类号： A23L3/375 , F25D9/00 , F28C3/00 , F25D17/02
CPC分类号： A23L3/375 , F25D9/005 , F28C3/005

5. 发明授权

US3440831A Quick freeze process 失效
标题翻译：快速冻结过程
公开(公告)号：US3440831A
公开(公告)日：1969-04-29
申请号：US3440831D
申请日：1967-02-06
申请人： STANLEY S THOMPSON
发明人： THOMPSON STANLEY S
IPC分类号： F25D3/11 , F25D9/00 , F25D31/00 , F25D13/06
CPC分类号： F25D3/11 , F25D9/005 , F25D2400/30

6. 发明授权

US07010931B2 Nanoclimate clothing and apparel 失效
标题翻译：纳米气球服装
公开(公告)号：US07010931B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-14
申请号：US10665072
申请日：2003-09-22
申请人： Clemie Lee
发明人： Clemie Lee
IPC分类号： F25D23/12
CPC分类号： A42B1/008 , A41D13/0053 , A42C5/04 , A43B7/00 , A43B7/005 , A43B7/34 , A62B17/005 , F25D9/005 , F25D2400/26
摘要： A temperature control system adapted for use with an article of clothing and designed to cool the wearer of the article of clothing. The temperature control system comprises a canister containing a cooling agent in its gaseous or vaporous state, a regulator for adjusting the flow of cooling agent from the canister and at least one supply line for delivering the cooling agent to an optimal release point. The canister can be an integral part of the article of clothing adapted to be recharged with the cooling agent or can be removable from the article of clothing, adapted to be refilled and replaced. The at least one supply line can be a plurality of supply lines delivering cooling agent to several optimal release points located within the article of clothing. The regulator enables the user to adjust the amount of cooling agent in order to obtain an optimal level of comfort. The temperature control system can be incorporated into any type of clothing article or apparel, including shirts, pants, blouses, footwear (shoes and boots), headgear (caps, hats, helmets), gloves and belts.
摘要翻译：一种温度控制系统，适于与衣服一起使用并且被设计成冷却衣物的穿着者。温度控制系统包括一个容纳处于气态或蒸气状态的冷却剂的罐，用于调节来自罐的冷却剂流的调节器和用于将冷却剂输送到最佳释放点的至少一个供应管线。罐可以是适于用冷却剂再充电的衣服制品的组成部分，或者可以从适于重新填充和更换的衣物的物品中取出。至少一个供应管线可以是将冷却剂输送到位于衣物内的几个最佳释放点的多个供应管线。调节器使得用户能够调节冷却剂的量以获得最佳的舒适度。温度控制系统可以并入任何类型的服装制品或服装，包括衬衫，裤子，衬衫，鞋类（鞋和靴子），头饰（帽子，帽子，头盔），手套和皮带。

7. 发明授权

US4803842A Direct contact cooling of foodstuffs with halocarbon heat transfer liquids 失效
标题翻译：直接接触冷却食品与卤化碳传热液体
公开(公告)号：US4803842A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US12197
申请日：1987-02-09
申请人： Philip H. Coelho , Victor Comerchero
发明人： Philip H. Coelho , Victor Comerchero
IPC分类号： A23B4/09 , A23L3/36 , F25D9/00 , F25D17/02
CPC分类号： F25D9/005 , A23B4/09 , A23L3/36
摘要： Direct contact cooling or freezing of foodstuffs immersed in or sprayed with a low freezing temperature liquid preferably comprising a mixture of a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC 113) and perfluorohexane (C.sub.6 F.sub.14) minimizes migration of toxins in the heat transfer liquid to the foodstuffs.
摘要翻译：浸入或喷洒低温液体的食品的直接接触冷却或冷冻优选包含氯氟烃（CFC 113）和全氟己烷（C 6 F 14）的混合物，使得传热液体中毒素的迁移最小化到食品中。

8. 发明授权

US4073158A Apparatus for freezing small drops of liquid 失效
标题翻译：用于冷冻小滴液体的装置
公开(公告)号：US4073158A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-14
申请号：US628785
申请日：1975-11-04
申请人： Jacques Guiller
发明人： Jacques Guiller
IPC分类号： A23L1/00 , A23L3/375 , A23P1/02 , B01J2/06 , F25C1/00 , F25D3/11 , F25D9/00
CPC分类号： F25C1/00 , A23L3/375 , A23P10/20 , B01J2/06 , F25D3/11 , F25D9/005
摘要： The invention relates generally to a method permitting the production from a mass of product in the liquid or pasty state, of balls or granules of small sizes. More precisely this method consists of injecting this product under pressure into a refrigerant liquid which is under the physical conditions of passage to the gaseous state, this injection having the effect of atomizing the said product into the refrigerant liquid and forming therefrom deep-frozen balls or granules, the dimensions of which are a function of the difference in temperature between the injected product and the refrigerant liquid, and also of the injection pressure of this product. The invention has also for its object the apparatus for carrying the said method into effect and the alternative forms of such apparatus. The invention is also directed to the balls or granules thus obtained and it finds especially advantageous applications in the food preparation industries.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及允许从液体或糊状状态的大量产品中产生小尺寸的球或颗粒的方法。更准确地说，该方法包括将该产品在压力下注入到通过气态的物理条件下的制冷剂液体中，该注入具有将所述产品雾化成制冷剂液体并由其形成的冷冻球或颗粒的尺寸是注入产品和制冷剂液体之间的温度差的函数，以及该产品的注射压力。本发明的目的还在于实现所述方法的实施的装置和这种装置的替代形式。本发明还涉及由此获得的球或颗粒，并且在食品制备工业中发现特别有利的应用。

9. 发明授权

US3758257A Reduction of microorganism populations of food articles by contact with a liquid chlorohydrocarbon 失效
标题翻译：通过与液氯氯氰菊酯接触，减少食品文物微生物群众
公开(公告)号：US3758257A
公开(公告)日：1973-09-11
申请号：US3758257D
申请日：1970-07-01
申请人： DU PONT
发明人： DASTUR K
IPC分类号： A23L3/3463 , A23L5/20 , F25D9/00 , A23L3/34 , A23L3/36
CPC分类号： F25D9/005 , A23L3/3463 , A23L5/23
摘要： A continuous process for reducing microorganism populations of articles, especially food, comprising effectively contacting the surfaces of the articles with a liquid, saturated fluorinated chlorohydrocarbon having a normal boiling point of 50* C. to -50* C., collecting liquid chlorohydrocarbon which has contacted the articles, reducing the microorganism population of the collected liquid, and recycling the liquid of reduced microorganism population to the article contacting step.
摘要翻译：一种用于减少制品，特别是食品的微生物群体的连续方法，包括使物品的表面与标准沸点为50℃至-50℃的液体饱和氟化氯代烃有效接触，收集液体氯代烃，其具有接触物品，减少收集的液体的微生物群体，并将还原的微生物群体的液体再循环到制品接触步骤。

10. 发明授权

US3605429A Direct refrigerant freezing 失效
标题翻译：直接冷冻冷冻
公开(公告)号：US3605429A
公开(公告)日：1971-09-20
申请号：US3605429D
申请日：1969-11-04
申请人： FRICK CO
发明人： SMITH MALCOLM CLINTON , GARLAND MILTON W , GRUBB HOLLIS CHARLES
IPC分类号： A23L3/36 , F25D9/00 , F28C3/16 , F25D17/02
CPC分类号： F28C3/16 , A23L3/361 , F25D9/005
摘要： FOOD OR OTHER PRODUCT IS INTRODUCED INTO AN UNSEALED HOUSING HAVING AN ATMOSPHERE OF CIRCULTING REFRIGERANT VAPOR WHICH RISES THROUGH A DESCENDING LIQUID REFRIGERANT CURTAIN AND WHICH IS CONTINUOUSLY CONDENSED ON REFRIGERATED SURFACES WITHIN THE HOUSING. AFTER THE EXTERIOR OF THE PRODUCT IS FROZEN, LIQUID REFRIGERANT MAY BE SPRAYED DIRECTLY THEREON. PRIOR TO USE THE SURFACES WITHIN THE HOUSING ARE COOLED FROM THE LOWERMOST PROGRESSIVELY UPWARDLY THEREBY DRIVING OUT AIR AND REDUCING CONDENSATION OF MOISTURE, AFTER USE THE PROCEDURE IS REVERSED IN ORDER TO PERMIT SUBSTANTIALLY COMPLETE RECOVERY OF THE REFRIGERANT.

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