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1. 发明授权

US09493939B2 Airform for facilitating construction of a structure 有权
标题翻译： Airform用于促进建筑结构
公开(公告)号：US09493939B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-15
申请号：US14341688
申请日：2014-07-25
申请人： South Industries, Inc.
发明人： Andrew John South , Randy John South , Derek Thomas South , Joshua Eric South , Nathan Samuel South , Jonathan William South
IPC分类号： E04B1/16 , E04H15/20 , E04B1/00 , E04B1/32
CPC分类号： E04B1/166 , E04B1/169 , E04B2001/0061 , E04B2001/3264 , E04H15/20 , E04H2015/201 , E04H2015/202 , E04H2015/203 , E04H2015/204 , E04H2015/205
摘要： An airform that can be inflated, for example, for facilitating construction of a structure is provided. The airform may include a first portion, a second portion, or multiple other portions, and reinforcement. The first portion may, for example, be configured to be disposed in a first orientation, such as vertically or in a radial profile, when the airform is inflated. The second portion transitioning from the first portion may be configured, for example, to assume an alternate shape and profile, such as a radial shape and profile, when the airform is inflated. The reinforcement may, for example, be provided at a portion of the airform that defines a transition from the first portion to the second portion.
摘要翻译：提供了可膨胀的空气形式，例如用于促进结构的构造。该空气形式可以包括第一部分，第二部分或多个其它部分和加强件。例如，当空气形式被充气时，第一部分可以被配置为设置在第一方位，例如垂直或径向轮廓。当空气形状膨胀时，从第一部分过渡的第二部分可以被构造成例如呈现交替的形状和轮廓，例如径向形状和轮廓。例如，加强件可以设置在限定从第一部分到第二部分的过渡的空气形状的部分处。

2. 发明授权

US08017048B1 Emergency shelter and associated methods 有权
标题翻译：紧急避难所及相关方法
公开(公告)号：US08017048B1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-13
申请号：US11682029
申请日：2007-03-05
申请人： James H. Carter , James W. Barnwell
发明人： James H. Carter , James W. Barnwell
IPC分类号： E04B1/16
CPC分类号： E04B1/3211 , B29C44/022 , B29C44/367 , B29K2075/00 , B29L2031/776 , E04B2001/3229 , E04B2001/3264
摘要： An emergency shelter includes a domed foam structure that is constructed on-site or at a remote location from foam that can be mixed on-site. The structure can be made on-site by spraying foam in a flowable state in a predetermined pattern to build up walls to form a dome. The foam can be sprayed, for example, in a substantially helical pattern from a centrally located spray nozzle that is rotated to deposit a finite-thickness increment of foam over a time period sufficient that, by the time the nozzle reaches a previously sprayed area, the foam already deposited has had time to cure.
摘要翻译：紧急避难所包括一个穹顶泡沫结构，该结构在现场或远程位置构建，可以在现场进行混合。可以通过以预定图案以可流动状态喷射泡沫以建立壁以形成圆顶而在现场制造该结构。泡沫可以例如以基本上螺旋形的方式从位于中心的喷嘴喷射，该喷嘴在一段时间内旋转以沉积有限厚度的泡沫增量，足以在喷嘴到达预先喷射的区域时，已经存放的泡沫已经有时间治愈了。

3. 发明授权

US07694479B2 Structure 失效
标题翻译：结构体
公开(公告)号：US07694479B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-13
申请号：US10478335
申请日：2002-05-23
申请人： Andrew Killen
发明人： Andrew Killen
IPC分类号： E04C1/00 , E04C1/40 , E04C1/41
CPC分类号： B32B3/30 , A47B96/202 , B32B7/12 , B32B27/08 , B32B27/12 , B32B27/302 , B32B38/1866 , B32B2305/38 , B32B2325/00 , B32B2419/04 , B32B2419/06 , B32B2605/12 , B32B2605/18 , B32B2607/00 , E04B1/32 , E04B2001/3264 , E04B2001/3276 , E04C2/328 , E04C2/405 , E04F13/04 , F16B15/0023
摘要： A three-dimensional constructional element 10 is shown having opposing and substantially planar panels 30, 40 mounted on opposing surfaces of a flexible planar member in the form of a flexible mesh material layer 52 therefore making a composite sheet of three layers. Panel 30 includes transverse grooves 12, 14 formed therein and panel 40 includes transverse grooves 16, 18 formed therein. The structure is deformable about each groove 12, 14, 16, 18. In a preferred embodiment the panels 30, 40 are divided into many segments defined by the transverse grooves to allow the constructional element to be deformed so that one of the exterior surfaces of panel 30 is concave while the opposing exterior surface of panel 40 is convex. Also disclosed herein is a method of forming a curved surface structure including the steps of deforming the constructional element 10 into a desired position and securing the element 10 into that position by introducing a grouting material 74, 94 thereonto so that the grouting material can enter the grooves 12, 14, 16, 18 to rigidly affix the element 10.
摘要翻译：三维结构元件10被示为具有安装在柔性平面构件的相对表面上的相对且基本上平坦的面板30,40，柔性平面构件以柔性网状材料层52的形式，因此制成三层复合片材。面板30包括形成在其中的横向槽12,14，并且面板40包括形成在其中的横向槽16,18。该结构可围绕每个槽12,14,16,18变形。在优选实施例中，板30,40被划分为由横向槽限定的多个段，以允许结构元件变形，使得其中的一个外表面面板30是凹形的，而面板40的相对的外表面是凸形的。本文还公开了形成弯曲表面结构的方法，其包括以下步骤：将结构元件10变形到期望的位置，并通过在其上引入灌浆材料74,94将元件10固定到该位置，使得灌浆材料可以进入凹槽12,14,16,18以刚性地固定元件10。

4. 发明授权

US6112489A Monocoque concrete structures 失效
标题翻译：单体混凝土结构
公开(公告)号：US6112489A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US24121
申请日：1998-02-17
申请人： Peter J. Zweig
发明人： Peter J. Zweig
IPC分类号： E04B1/16 , E04B1/32 , E04B2/02 , E04B2/84
CPC分类号： E04B2/847 , E04B1/16 , E04B2/84 , E04B2001/3217 , E04B2001/3264 , E04B2001/3276 , E04B2002/0206 , E04B2002/0265
摘要： A monocoque concrete structure includes a core structure comprised of foam panels presenting opposite sides and arranged in a desired shape of the monocoque concrete structure. A layer of concrete is applied to each of the opposite sides of the core structure to form a double monocoque concrete structure having a load bearing concrete shell on each of the opposite sides of the core structure.
摘要翻译：单体混凝土结构包括由具有相对侧并且以所述单体混凝土结构的所需形状布置的泡沫板组成的芯结构。将一层混凝土施加到芯结构的每个相对侧，以形成在芯结构的相对侧的每一侧上具有承载混凝土外壳的双单体混凝土结构。

5. 发明授权

US5918438A Dome type building and method of making same 失效
标题翻译：圆顶式建筑及其制作方法
公开(公告)号：US5918438A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-06
申请号：US842606
申请日：1997-04-15
申请人： David B. South
发明人： David B. South
IPC分类号： E04B1/16 , E04B1/32 , E04B1/34 , E04G21/14
CPC分类号： E04B1/169 , E04B1/3211 , E04B2001/3217 , E04B2001/3264
摘要： A dome building structure employs an inflatable form having a peripheral edge secured to a base. A network of cable-like members overlies the form and is secured to the base so as to restrain pressurized inflation of the form to prevent tearing. A layer of insulating foam is applied to the inner surface of the inflated form followed by attachment of a reinforcing mesh and application of a cementitious layer sufficient to embed the mesh. Internal ribs are formed to directly underlie the network of external cable members which may be interconnected to the internal ribs to assist in support of the ribs until they become self-supporting of the dome. The external network of cable-like members allows the form to extend convexly outwardly or pooch through interstices in the cable network creating smaller radii of curvature to better withstand inward buckling.
摘要翻译：圆顶建筑结构采用具有固定到基座的外围边缘的可充气形式。电缆状构件的网络覆盖该形状并固定到基座上，以便限制形式的加压膨胀以防止撕裂。将绝缘泡沫层施加到膨胀形式的内表面，然后附加增强网并施加足以嵌入网的水泥层。内部肋形成为直接位于外部电缆构件的网络下方，这些外部电缆构件的网络可以互连到内部肋条，以帮助支撑肋条，直到它们变得自支撑穹顶。电缆状构件的外部网络允许形式通过电缆网络中的空隙凸出地向外或向外延伸，从而产生更小的曲率半径以更好地抵抗向内弯曲。

6. 发明授权

US5863451A Snow dome construction 失效
标题翻译：雪球建筑
公开(公告)号：US5863451A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US876366
申请日：1997-06-19
申请人： Randall W. Buhler
发明人： Randall W. Buhler
IPC分类号： E04B1/32 , B28B7/22
CPC分类号： E04B1/3211 , E04B2001/3217 , E04B2001/3264
摘要： A method is provided for constructing a snow shelter. A set of fabric panels is connected together to provide a short skirt into which snow is filled throughout and compacted on the periphery. Panels are then connected to a higher level and additional snow is filled in throughout and compacted on the periphery. When the panels have been completely connected and filled with snow, they encompass a snow dome packed around the surface. The panels may then be removed and the dome hollowed out to provide a snow shelter. The hollowing out process may be guided through the use of probes that are pressed into the dome from the outside to provide a depth gauge. A closeable door may also be installed against the dome opening after the dome is constructed.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于构建防雪棚的方法。一组织物面板连接在一起，以提供一个短的裙部，雪被填充到其中并在周边上压实。然后将面板连接到更高的水平面，并且附加的雪被填充并在周边上压实。当面板已经完全连接并充满积雪时，它们包围了围绕表面的雪穹。然后可以移除面板并将圆顶掏空以提供防雪棚。可以通过使用从外部压入圆顶的探针来引导中空过程以提供深度计。在构建穹顶之后，也可以将靠近的门安装在圆顶开口上。

7. 发明授权

US5579609A Rigidizable inflatable structure 失效
标题翻译：刚性充气结构
公开(公告)号：US5579609A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US258850
申请日：1994-06-10
申请人： Bradley T. Sallee
发明人： Bradley T. Sallee
IPC分类号： B64G99/00 , E04B1/32 , H01Q1/08 , H01Q1/28 , H01Q1/42
CPC分类号： B64G9/00 , E04B1/3211 , H01Q1/081 , H01Q1/288 , H01Q1/428 , E04B2001/3235 , E04B2001/3264 , E04B2001/3294
摘要： Novel structural members are provided that are flexible prior to being rigidized. The structural members are fabricated as bundles of reinforcing fibers commingled with binder materials, e.g. thermoplastic yarn, and a heat source. Means for compressing the bundle during deployment may also be provided. The structural members are rigidized by activating the heat source to melt the binder material, which flows throughout the bundle to bind the reinforcing fibers together, such that when the binder sets or hardens a rigid, reinforced structural member is provided. In preferred embodiments, these structural members are attached to an inflatable enclosure in a structural framework arrangement to form an inflatable structure. Such an inflatable structure may be rolled or folded into a compact space for storage and transport, such as into outer space. The structure may be deployed at a desired location by inflating the enclosure to stretch the structural member bundles into the desired configuration and actuating the heating elements to activate the binder material. After the binder has set, the structure is rigid and inflation pressure may be removed, leaving a rigidized enclosure or a reinforced structural member.
摘要翻译：提供了新的结构构件，其在刚性化之前是柔性的。结构构件被制造成与粘合剂材料混合的增强纤维束，例如，热塑性纱线和热源。还可以提供用于在展开期间压缩束的装置。结构构件通过激活热源来固化，以熔化流过整个束的粘合剂材料，以将增强纤维粘合在一起，使得当粘合剂固化或硬化时，提供刚性的增强的结构构件。在优选实施例中，这些结构构件以结构框架布置附接到可充气外壳以形成可充气结构。这种可充气结构可以卷起或折叠成用于存储和运输的紧凑空间，例如进入外部空间。可以通过使外壳膨胀来将结构部署在期望的位置，以将结构构件束拉伸成所需的构造并且致动加热元件以启动粘合剂材料。在粘合剂固定之后，结构是刚性的并且可以去除充气压力，留下刚性的外壳或加强的结构构件。

8. 发明授权

US4440376A Earth sheltered building technology 失效
标题翻译：地球庇护建筑技术
公开(公告)号：US4440376A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-03
申请号：US185560
申请日：1980-09-09
申请人： Richard E. Peterson
发明人： Richard E. Peterson
IPC分类号： E02D29/00 , E04B1/32 , E04H1/02 , E04H9/12 , E04G11/06
CPC分类号： E04H9/12 , E02D29/00 , E04B1/32 , E04H1/02 , E04B2001/3264 , E04B2001/3276 , E04B2001/3288
摘要： The earth sheltered building consists of a thin elliptoidal shell which is attached to a generally curvilinear top viewed foundation. The elliptoidal shell meets the foundation at a generally horizontal latitudinal plane which is spacially below and parallel to the equatorial plane of the elliptoid. The building has ingress and egress means defined generally by the intersection of a pair of latitudinal lines and a pair of longitudinal lines of the elliptoid. Ingress and egress means can also be obtained by the omission of any meridian surface section of the elliptoid or any section defined by a plane spacially parallel to a meridian plane. The building can also be elongated by placing a vaulted section of elliptic vertical cross section congruous with two hemi-elliptoidal shells. The building can be constructed by the use of predetermined inner and outer form panels which assemble into inner and outer form networks. These networks are spacially parallel and result in a form system having concavo-convex cavities into which building material is placed. The resultant thin shell elliptoidal structure from the use and method of use of the inner and outer form networks is optimal in distributing the forces that result when the structure is sheltered with earth components such as dirt, gravel, berming, etc. while, simultaneously, providing an interior space which can be optimally utilized for habitation.
摘要翻译：地面庇护建筑物包括一个薄的椭圆形壳体，它附着在大致曲线顶部的基础上。椭圆形壳体在大致水平的纬度平面处相交，该平面在空间下方并平行于椭圆体的赤道平面。该建筑具有入口和出口装置，通常由一对纬线和椭圆形的一对纵向线的交点定义。入口和出口装置也可以通过省略椭圆形的任何子午线表面部分或由平行于子午线平面的平面限定的任何部分来获得。建筑物也可以通过将椭圆形垂直横截面的拱形截面与两个半椭圆形壳体相一致地延伸。该建筑物可以通过使用组装到内部和外部网络中的预定内部和外部形式面板来构造。这些网络在空间上是平行的，并且导致具有凹凸空腔的形式系统，建筑材料被放置在该空腔中。使用内外形网络的使用和使用方法得到的薄壳椭球形结构在分布当结构被诸如污物，砾石，导轨等的地面部件遮蔽时产生的力是最佳的，同时，提供可以最佳地用于居住的内部空间。

9. 发明授权

US4182086A Building construction of A-shaped elements 失效
标题翻译： A型元件的建筑施工
公开(公告)号：US4182086A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-08
申请号：US903816
申请日：1978-05-08
申请人： Melvin Crooks
发明人： Melvin Crooks
IPC分类号： E04B1/32
CPC分类号： E04B1/3211 , E04B2001/3241 , E04B2001/3252 , E04B2001/3264 , E04B2001/3282
摘要： A building framework includes a group of A-shaped basic building elements interconnected together to form the framework for a building such as a dome, swimming pool cover and a silo. Each one of the A-shaped basic building elements is composed of bendable material to enable it to flex and thus to enable the framework to assume different desired shapes. The building elements include first, second and third elongated strips, which are connected together to form an A shape defining a triangularly-shaped, centrally-disposed opening. The end portions of the strips form first, second and third pairs of legs extending from the centrally disposed opening. The legs are adapted to be connected to the legs of other similar basic building elements. The first and second strips are connected together and mutually intersect at the first pair of legs, and the opposite ends of the first and second strips are each connected to and intersect with the third strip in a spaced-apart manner at the second and third pairs of legs to form the triangularly-shaped opening.
摘要翻译：建筑框架包括一组互连在一起的A形基本建筑构件，以形成诸如圆顶，游泳池盖和筒仓的建筑物的框架。每一个A形基本建筑构件均由弯曲材料组成，使其能够弯曲，从而使框架能够呈现不同的所需形状。建筑元件包括第一，第二和第三细长条，它们连接在一起以形成限定三角形中心设置的开口的A形状。条的端部形成从中心设置的开口延伸的第一，第二和第三对腿。腿适于连接到其他类似的基本建筑构件的腿部。第一和第二条带连接在一起并且在第一对腿部处相互相交，并且第一和第二条带的相对端分别在第二和第三对上以间隔开的方式连接到第三条带并与第三条带相交的腿形成三角形的开口。

10. 发明授权

US4077177A Curved architectural structure of foam and cement 失效
标题翻译：泡沫和水泥的弯曲建筑结构
公开(公告)号：US4077177A
公开(公告)日：1978-03-07
申请号：US657499
申请日：1976-02-12
申请人： Rodney L. Boothroyd , Thomas E. Wedge , Harry E. Aine
发明人： Rodney L. Boothroyd , Thomas E. Wedge , Harry E. Aine
IPC分类号： E04B1/32
CPC分类号： E04B1/32 , E04B2001/3217 , E04B2001/3264
摘要： A curved architectural structure is formed by tensioning a membrane into a curved shape and forming an intermediate structure conforming to the contour of the tensioned membrane by applying a rigidizing material such as foam, resin or other lightweight rigidizing material to form a rigidized curved architectural structure or form for same. Cemetitious material having discontinuous reinforcing fibers, as of steel or glass, dispersed therein is applied overlaying a surface of the rigidized structure to shape and support a curved architectural structure of reinforced cemetitious material.
摘要翻译：弯曲的建筑结构通过将膜张紧成弯曲形状并通过施加刚性材料如泡沫，树脂或其它轻质刚性材料形成符合张紧膜轮廓的中间结构而形成，以形成刚性化的弯曲建筑结构或形式相同。将具有分散在其中的钢或玻璃的不连续增强纤维的陶瓷材料覆盖在刚性结构的表面上，以形成并支撑加强的网格材料的弯曲建筑结构。

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