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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Method of manufacture of a felted fibrous product from a nonaqueous
medium
    • 从非水介质制造毡制纤维制品的方法
    • US4597930A
    • 1986-07-01
    • US512443
    • 1983-07-11
    • John R. Szal
    • John R. Szal
    • D04H1/00D21D5/26
    • D21H11/18D21H17/71D21H23/10D21H5/1236D21H5/2628
    • Hydrogen bonding between cellulosic fibriles can be improved in an air-laid process by injecting ammonia or organo-amine catalysts and steam into the cellulosic fibrile mass after such fibers have been reduced to fibrile form and prior to their dispersion in air to form a fibrous mat. Prior to and subsequent to the injection of the catalytic bearing steam, the fibers may be combined with other paper forming material, resins, additives and processed in an air-laid paper making process to form a felted fibrous product with a minimal amount of water content and with acceptable strength and density. Suitable catalysts include gaseous ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, or the organo-amines such as triethanol amine, methyl amine, ethyl amine, cyclohexyl amine, or aniline and the homologous series derivatives thereof.
    • 纤维素原纤维之间的氢键可以通过将氨或有机胺催化剂和蒸汽注入到纤维素纤维块中而在气流成网工艺中得到改善,这些纤维已经被还原成纤维形式并且在它们在空气中分散形成纤维垫之前 。 在注入催化轴承蒸汽之前和之后,纤维可以与其它造纸材料,树脂,添加剂组合,并在气流成网的造纸工艺中加工,以形成具有最小含水量的毡制纤维制品 并具有可接受的强度和密度。 合适的催化剂包括气态氨,氢氧化铵或有机胺如三乙醇胺,甲胺,乙胺,环己胺或苯胺及其同系系列衍生物。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Chemically opening chrysotile asbestos and encapsulating
    • 化学开放温石棉并封装
    • US3965284A
    • 1976-06-22
    • US325149
    • 1973-01-19
    • Marinos XanthosRaymond T. Woodhams
    • Marinos XanthosRaymond T. Woodhams
    • B32B17/00C04B20/08
    • D21H11/18C04B20/08D21H13/42D21H5/1236Y10T428/24893Y10T428/2993Y10T428/2998
    • Chrysotile asbestos is chemically opened into the individual fibrils by soluble vinylic polymer polyelectrolytes containing carboxylic acid groups in aqueous media. Polyacrylic acids, polymethacrylic acids, maleic anhydride polymers and water-soluble copolymers thereof are preferred polyelectrolytes and form stable colloidal dispersions. The polyelectrolytes are neutralized to alkaline pH with inorganic or organic bases, but preferably with basic vinylic monomers when complete encapsulation is desired. By a further aspect of the invention the polyelectrolyte-coated fibrils in aqueous dispersion are encapsulated by copolymerization with (a) a basic vinylic comonomer (used for pH control) such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate or a vinylpyridine; and (b) a non-basic vinylic comonomer such as styrene, divinylbenzene, vinyl chloride or fluoride, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, and methacrylonitrile. The encapsulated fibrils are advantageous for forming reinforced composites including laminates and foamed or cellular products.
    • 通过在含水介质中含有羧酸基团的可溶性乙烯基聚合物聚电解质,将温石棉在化学上开放进入各个原纤维。 聚丙烯酸,聚甲基丙烯酸,马来酸酐聚合物及其水溶性共聚物是优选的聚电解质,并形成稳定的胶体分散体。 聚合电解质用无机或有机碱中和至碱性pH,但是当需要完全封装时,优选用碱性乙烯基单体中和。 通过本发明的另一方面,通过与(a)碱性乙烯基共聚单体(用于pH控制)如甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯,甲基丙烯酸叔丁基氨基乙酯或乙烯基吡啶的共聚合来包封水性分散体中的聚电解质涂覆的原纤维; 和(b)非碱性乙烯基共聚单体如苯乙烯,二乙烯基苯,氯乙烯或氟化物,乙酸乙烯酯,甲基丙烯酸甲酯,丙烯酸乙酯,丙烯腈和甲基丙烯腈。 包封的原纤维有利于形成包括层压材料和泡沫或蜂窝产品的增强复合材料。