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    • 2. 发明申请
    • METHODS OF PRODUCING 1,3,5-TRIAMINO-2,4,6-TRINITROBENZENE
    • 生产1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三硝基苯的方法
    • US20110172463A1
    • 2011-07-14
    • US11744986
    • 2007-05-07
    • Stephen P. VelardeVincent E. Mancini
    • Stephen P. VelardeVincent E. Mancini
    • C07C209/04
    • C07C209/18C07C201/08C07C201/12C07C205/24C07C211/52
    • Methods of producing TATB are disclosed. The method comprises providing acid wet TNPG and distilling water from the acid wet TNPG. The TNPG is reacted with an alkoxylating agent to form a solution of 1,3,5-trialkoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene solution, which is reacted with an aminating agent. An alternate method comprises nitrating phloroglucinol in a first vessel to produce TNPG, which is reacted with an alkoxylating agent in a second vessel to form a solution comprising 1,3,5-trialkoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene and at least one of at least one volatile byproduct and at least one nonvolatile byproduct. The at least one of at least one volatile byproduct and at least one nonvolatile byproduct is removed in situ. The 1,3,5-trialkoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene is reacted with an aminating agent.
    • 公开了生产TATB的方法。 该方法包括从酸性湿TNPG提供酸性湿TNPG和蒸馏水。 使TNPG与烷氧基化剂反应,形成与胺化剂反应的1,3,5-三烷氧基-2,4,6-三硝基苯溶液。 替代方法包括在第一容器中硝化间苯三酚以产生TNPG,其在第二容器中与烷氧基化剂反应以形成包含1,3,5-三烷氧基-2,4,6-三硝基苯和至少一种 至少一种挥发性副产物和至少一种非挥发性副产物。 至少一种挥发性副产物和至少一种非挥发性副产物中的至少一种原位被去除。 使1,3,5-三烷氧基-2,4,6-三硝基苯与胺化剂反应。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Method of forming lead styphnate ammunition priming mixture
    • 形成铅酸弹药弹药混合物的方法
    • US4029530A
    • 1977-06-14
    • US657487
    • 1976-02-12
    • Joseph F. Kenney
    • Joseph F. Kenney
    • C07C205/24C07F7/00C06B41/06
    • C07F7/003C07C205/24
    • Ammunition rim fire priming mixtures are commonly prepared by mixing normal lead styphnate, a sensitizer, such as tetracene, an oxygen donor such as lead nitrate, and a frictionator such as ground glass. This invention relates to such a mixture and to center fire priming mixtures which consist of lead styphnate, tetracene, inorganic fuels and barium nitrate and to a method of forming them and is characterized by the use of lead styphnate which is formed in situ by the reaction of a water wet mixture of styphnic acid and a lead compound such as lead oxide (litharge), lead hydroxide, basic lead carbonate, or lead carbonate. Important advantages of this invention are reduced cost, improved safety since it is unnecessary to prepare, precipitate, or separately handle pure or relatively pure lead styphnate and improved percussion sensitivity of the resulting mixtures.
    • 弹药边缘起火混合物通常通过混合正常的铅前列素,敏化剂如并四苯,氧供体(如硝酸铅)和摩擦剂如研磨玻璃来制备。 本发明涉及这样一种混合物,并且包括由苯磺酸铅,并四苯,无机燃料和硝酸钡组成的起火混合物以及形成它们的方法,其特征在于使用由反应原位形成的邻苯二甲酸铅 的硫酸和铅化合物如氧化铅(锂),氢氧化铅,碱式碳酸铅或碳酸铅的水湿混合物。 本发明的重要优点是降低了成本,提高了安全性,因为不需要制备,沉淀或分开处理纯的或相对纯的铅酸铅和改进的所得混合物的冲击灵敏度。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Processes for the continuous production of aromatic carboxylic acids by
oxidation with nitric acid of aromatic compounds containing oxidizable
acyclic substituents
    • 通过用含有可氧化的无环取代基的芳族化合物的硝酸氧化连续生产芳族羧酸的方法
    • US3979448A
    • 1976-09-07
    • US478395
    • 1974-06-11
    • Kurt HandrickAnton BenningDietrich GeorgeJurgen Schlegel
    • Kurt HandrickAnton BenningDietrich GeorgeJurgen Schlegel
    • C07C63/00C07C51/00C07C51/275C07C67/00C07C205/24C07C205/57C07C51/33
    • C07C51/275C07C205/24C07C205/57
    • Processes for the continuous production of aromatic carboxylic acids by reaction of nitric acid with an aromatic compound having an oxidizable alkyl or alkoxyalkyl substitutent which comprise mixing the aromatic compound in the form of small droplets with a large volume of dilute nitric acid having a concentration between 2 and 14% by weight of nitric acid that is maintained at a superatmospheric pressure between 15 and 80 atmospheres and at a temperature between 160.degree. and 230.degree.C, which processes comprise continuously passing a reaction mixture consisting of the aromatic compound and the dilute nitric acid through a series of at least three consecutively arranged vertical reactor column in each of which the ratio of the weight of the reaction mixture containing the dilute nitric acid to the weight of the aromatic compound is continuously maintained at at least 50:1, the nitric acid concentration in each of the reactor column being continuously maintained at an originally preselected concentration by the addition of amounts of more-concentrated nitric acid while aliquot portions of the aromatic compound based upon the number of vertical reactor columns in the series are continuously introduced into each of the reactor columns, the reaction zones each being maintained at an optimal oxidation temperature between 160 and 230.degree.C for the aromatic compound that is being oxidized, and continuously passing the reaction mixture into a final reactor column that is maintained at a higher temperature than the preceding series of reactor columns, and continuously discharging the reaction mixture containing between 10 and 20% by weight of the aromatic carboxylic acid thus produced from the final reactor column.
    • 通过硝酸与具有可氧化烷基或烷氧基烷基取代基的芳族化合物的反应连续生产芳族羧酸的方法,其包括将小液滴形式的芳族化合物与大体积的浓度为2 和14重量%的硝酸,其保持在15至80个大气压之间的超大气压力和160-230℃的温度,该方法包括连续通过由芳族化合物和稀硝酸组成的反应混合物 通过一系列至少三个连续排列的立式反应器塔,其中含有稀硝酸的反应混合物的重量与芳族化合物的重量的比例连续保持在至少50:1,硝酸 每个反应器塔中的浓度连续保持在原来的预选中 通过加入较多浓度的硝酸的浓度,同时将基于该系列中的垂直反应器塔的数量的芳族化合物的等分试样部分连续引入每个反应器塔中,每个反应区保持在最佳状态 氧化温度在160〜230℃之间,待氧化的芳族化合物,并将反应混合物连续通入保持在比上一系列反应器塔高的温度的最终反应器塔中,并连续排出含有 10至20重量%的由最终反应器塔产生的芳族羧酸。