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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Polymeric acid catalysis
    • 聚合酸催化
    • US09463450B1
    • 2016-10-11
    • US15078065
    • 2016-03-23
    • Ning ShangguanAndrew FeiringAshokkumar B. Shenvi
    • Ning ShangguanAndrew FeiringAshokkumar B. Shenvi
    • C07D493/00B01J31/06C07D493/04C07C213/00
    • C07D493/04B01J31/10B01J2231/40C07C231/12C07C233/25
    • A highly fluorinated polymer is very useful as an acid catalyst. The highly fluorinated polymer has at least two repeating unit types that are the polymerized derivatives of a perfluorinated cyclic or cyclizable compound and a highly fluorinated vinyl ether compound having a sulfur containing functional group. The polymer can be formed by radical copolymerization of the fluorinated monomers with the sulfur-containing functional group in sulfonyl fluoride form (—SO2F) that is subsequently converted to sulfonic acid form (—SO3H). The highly fluorinated polymer can be used to advantage in a solution comprising an aprotic, polar organic solvent that has a dielectric constant of at least 15 and preferably is free of hydroxyl functional groups. Suitable solvents are those in which the polymer is soluble to at least 1 wt %. Hydroxyl group-containing protic, polar organic solvents are less preferred. The highly fluorinated polymer can be an effective heterogeneous catalysts when used in form of solid, fine particles insolubly suspended in or in contact with a fluid reaction mass.
    • 高度氟化的聚合物作为酸催化剂是非常有用的。 高氟化聚合物具有至少两种重复单元类型,它们是全氟化环状化合物和可环化化合物的聚合衍生物和具有含硫官能团的高氟化乙烯基醚化合物。 聚合物可以通过氟化单体与磺酰氟形式(-SO 2 F)的含硫官能团自由基共聚形成,随后转化为磺酸形式(-SO 3 H)。 高度氟化的聚合物可以在包含非质子极性有机溶剂的溶液中有利地使用,所述非质子极性有机溶剂的介电常数至少为15,优选不含羟基官能团。 合适的溶剂是聚合物可溶于至少1重量%的溶剂。 含羟基的质子,极性有机溶剂不太优选。 当以固体悬浮在液体反应物质中或与流体反应物质接触的固体细颗粒的形式使用时,高度氟化的聚合物可以是有效的非均相催化剂。