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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Translation table and constellation design for a PCM modem subjected to alternating robbed bit signaling
    • 用于经过交替抢夺位信令的PCM调制解调器的翻译表和星座设计
    • US06542551B1
    • 2003-04-01
    • US09315475
    • 1999-05-20
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • H04B1404
    • H04L25/4927H04B14/048H04J3/125
    • The receiver of a PCM modem utilizes the V.90 TRN1d training signal for detecting whether any of the six slots of the received signal may be subject to alternating robbed bit signaling (ARBS), and what the alternating robbed bit signaling pattern may be. This is accomplished by accumulating the received level over a plurality of frames for each slot and by comparing the received levels for each slot to an average level for that slot. If the difference between the received levels and the average levels exceeds a threshold, the slot is determined to be subject to ARBS. Where a slot is subject to ARBS, DIL sequence signals for frames of the alternating robbed bit signaling slot having LSB=0 and LSB=1 are accumulated separately (if available) in order to generate two translation tables (TRT0, TRT1) for that slot. Where the DIL sequence is found only in the frames having the alternating robbed bit signaling slot having LSB=0 or having LSB=1, only one translation table can be generated. Different algorithms are provided for designing a constellation for the alternating robbed bit signaling slot depending on (a) whether two translation tables were generated for the slot, (b) whether the frame-to-TRT correspondence is known, and (c) where only one translation table is generated, whether the translation table generated was TRT0 or TRT1.
    • PCM调制解调器的接收机利用V.90 TRN1d训练信号来检测接收信号的六个时隙中的任一个是否可能经历交替的抢占位信令(ARBS),以及交替的抢占位信令模式可能是什么。 这是通过在每个时隙的多个帧上累积接收的电平并且通过将每个时隙的接收电平与该时隙的平均电平进行比较来实现的。 如果接收电平和平均电平之间的差异超过阈值,则确定该时隙被接受ARBS。 在时隙经受ARBS的情况下,具有LSB = 0和LSB = 1的交替抢占位信令时隙的帧的DIL序列信号被分别累积(如果可用),以便为该时隙产生两个转换表(TRT0,TRT1) 。 在仅具有LSB = 0或具有LSB = 1的交替抢夺位信令时隙的帧中找到DIL序列的情况下,只能生成一个转换表。 提供了不同的算法用于设计用于交替抢夺位信令时隙的星座,这取决于(a)是否为时隙生成了两个转换表,(b)帧到TRT对应是否已知,以及(c) 生成一个转换表,生成的转换表是否为TRT0或TRT1。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Robbed bit signaling identification in a PCM modem
    • PCM调制解调器中的Robbed位信令标识
    • US06272171B1
    • 2001-08-07
    • US09238302
    • 1999-01-28
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • H04B138
    • H04L25/4927H04J3/125
    • Methods are provided for determining whether any slots of a modem frame are subject to robbed bit signaling (RBS), and whether the robbed bit signaling is &bgr;-codec robbed bit signaling. From an obtained DIL sequence, an ordered table of level values for each slot is generated. In determining whether any slots are RBS slots, distances between adjacent levels of the table for each slot are obtained and are compared to a “zero distance” threshold value in order to determine the number of distances which exceed the “zero distance” value. For each slot, the number of zero distances are compared to a threshold value, and if the number of zero distances exceeds the threshold value, the slot is declared to be a RBS slot. Zero distance thresholds for each slot are generated by finding a function of a maximum distance for that slot among the adjacent levels. In determining whether any RBS slots are &bgr;-codec slots, distances are found between corresponding levels of the ordered tables. If substantially more than half of the distances from one slot to the others are found to be greater than a zero distance threshold value, the slot is determined to be a &bgr;-codec slot.
    • 提供了用于确定调制解调器帧的任何时隙是否遭受抢占比特信令(RBS)以及抢占比特信令是否为β-codec抢夺比特信令的方法。 从获得的DIL序列中,生成每个时隙的级别值的有序表。 在确定任何时隙是否是RBS时隙时,获得每个时隙的表的相邻电平之间的距离,并将其与“零距离”阈值进行比较,以便确定超过“零距离”值的距离数。 对于每个时隙,将零距离的数量与阈值进行比较,并且如果零距离的数量超过阈值,则该时隙被声明为RBS时隙。 通过找到相邻级别中该时隙的最大距离的函数来生成每个时隙的零距离阈值。 在确定任何RBS时隙是否为β编解码器插槽时,在有序表的相应级别之间找到距离。 如果发现从一个时隙到另一个时隙的距离的大致一半大于零距离阈值,那么该时隙被确定为β-codec时隙。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Distinguishing between final coding of received signals in a PCM modem
    • 区分PCM调制解调器中接收信号的最终编码
    • US06778597B2
    • 2004-08-17
    • US10430178
    • 2003-05-05
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • H04B516
    • H04L25/4927
    • A method for determining the encoding law of an incoming signal in a network which possibly contains an A-&mgr; or &mgr;-A conversion includes obtaining digital impairment learning (DIL) probing data, generating an ordered table of levels therefrom, using the table to find two functions, and using a logical analysis of the functions to determine the encoding law of the signal. A first function is a maximum from the values DL(i) and the threshold Th1 which are less than T(i), with T(i)=a +bi, and DL(i)=L(i+16)−2L(i) with L(i) being the DIL signal corresponding to the transmitted Ucode=i. A second function Q is defined by: Q = 1 2 ⁢ ( ∑ i = i5 i - i6 ⁢   ⁢ DL ⁡ ( i ) + ∑ i = i5 i = i6 ⁢   ⁢ DLm ⁡ ( i ) ) - S m ⁢ Ly 2 2 where DLm(i) is the median value of a windowed group of values for DL(i) where i ranges from i5 to i6, Ly=i6−i5−1, and Sm is a mean of a windowed group of slopes, wherein each slope relates to the difference between certain DLm(i) values.
    • 一种用于确定可能包含A-mu或μ-A转换的网络中的输入信号的编码规则的方法包括获得数字损伤学习(DIL)探测数据,使用所述表从其中生成有序的级别表,以找到 两个功能,并使用函数的逻辑分析来确定信号的编码规律。 T(i)= a + bi,DL(i)= L(i + 16)-2L的第一函数是从值DL(i)和阈值Th1小于T(i)的最大函数 (i)L(i)是对应于发送的Ucode = i的DIL信号。 第二函数Q由下式定义:其中DLm(i)是DL(i)的窗口化值组的中值,其中i的范围从i5到i6,Ly = i6-i5-1,Sm是 窗口组的斜坡,其中每个斜率与某些DLm(i)值之间的差异相关。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Distinguishing between final coding of received signals in a PCM modem
    • 区分PCM调制解调器中接收信号的最终编码
    • US06560277B2
    • 2003-05-06
    • US09780200
    • 2001-02-09
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • H04B516
    • H04L25/4927
    • A method for determining the encoding law of an incoming signal in a network which possibly contains an A-&mgr; or &mgr;-A conversion includes obtaining digital impairment learning (DIL) probing data, generating an ordered table of levels therefrom, using the table to find two functions, and using a logical analysis of the functions to determine the encoding law of the signal. A first function is a maximum from the values DL(i) and the threshold Th1 which are less than T(i), with T(i)=a+bi, and DL(i)=L(i+16)−2L(i) with L(i) being the DIL signal corresponding to the transmitted Ucode=i. A second function Q is defined by: Q = 1 2 ⁢ ( ∑ i = i ⁢   ⁢ 5 i = i ⁢   ⁢ 6 ⁢   ⁢ DL ⁡ ( i ) + ∑ i = i ⁢   ⁢ 5 i = i ⁢   ⁢ 6 ⁢   ⁢ DLm ⁡ ( i ) ) - S m ⁢ Ly 2 2 where DLm(i) is the median value of a windowed group of values for DL(i) where i ranges from i5 to i6, Ly=i6−i5−1, and Sm is a mean of a windowed group of slopes, wherein each slope relates to the difference between certain DLm(i) values.
    • 一种用于确定可能包含A-mu或μ-A转换的网络中的输入信号的编码规则的方法包括获得数字损伤学习(DIL)探测数据,使用所述表从其中生成有序的级别表,以找到 两个功能,并使用函数的逻辑分析来确定信号的编码规律。 T(i)= a + bi,DL(i)= L(i + 16)-2L的第一函数是从值DL(i)和阈值Th1小于T(i)的最大函数 (i)L(i)是对应于发送的Ucode = i的DIL信号。 第二函数Q由下式定义:其中DLm(i)是DL(i)的窗口化值组的中值,其中i从i5到i6,Ly = i6-i5-1,Sm是 窗口组的斜坡,其中每个斜率与某些DLm(i)值之间的差异相关。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Constellation design for a PCM modem
    • PCM调制解调器的星座设计
    • US06178200B1
    • 2001-01-23
    • US09238321
    • 1999-01-28
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • Yuri OkunevVitaly DruckerQin WangYuri Goldstein
    • H04B138
    • H04L25/4927
    • Modem constellations are designed by independently optimizing for each slot of a frame, the distances between constellation points used for that slot. A maximum number of points N(0) are chosen having at least the minimum distance d0 without exceeding a power limitation Plim. Using N(0), an attempt is made to increase the d0 in the constellation without exceeding Plim. Constellations may be further optimized by, where possible, decreasing N(0) in a particular constellation without affecting the total data rate of the frame. Thus, a maximum potentially achievable data rate Rmax is calculated given the number of points which are in each of the six constellations, and comparing Rmax to a standards-permitted data rate DR; and then, if Rmax exceeds DR, by decreasing N(0) in one or more constellations, provided the decrease in the number of points does not cause a recalculated Rmax to drop below DR. Further optimization is obtained by attempting to increase d0 in one or more slots by permitting that slot(s) to exceed Plim, provided the average power of the frame is not exceeded. This is accomplished by finding the slot with the maximum error probability, increasing d0 for that slot (while maintaining N(0)) to thereby exceed frame power limitations for that slot, and checking to see whether the changes to the constellation in that slot violates the average frame power limitations. A simple system for checking average constellation power is also provided.
    • 调制解调器星座是通过对帧的每个时隙独立优化而设计的,即用于该时隙的星座点之间的距离。 选择具有至少最小距离d0而不超过功率限制Plim的最大点数N(0)。 使用N(0),尝试增加星座中的d0,而不超过Plim。 在可能的情况下,可以通过降低特定星座中的N(0)而不影响帧的总数据速率来进一步优化星座。 因此,给定在六个星座中的每一个中的点的数量,并且将Rmax与标准允许的数据速率DR进行比较来计算最大可能达到的数据速率Rmax; 然后,如果Rmax超过DR,则通过减少一个或多个星座中的N(0),只要点数的减少不会导致重新计算的Rmax降至低于DR。 通过在不超过帧的平均功率的情况下,尝试通过允许该时隙超过Plim来增加一个或多个时隙中的d0来获得进一步优化。 这是通过找到具有最大误差概率的时隙来实现的,增加该时隙的d0(同时保持N(0)),从而超过该时隙的帧功率限制,并且检查该时隙中的星座的改变是否违反 平均帧功率限制。 还提供了一种用于检查平均星座功率的简单系统。