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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Denitrification of flue gas from catalytic cracking
    • 烟气从催化裂化中脱氮
    • US5173278A
    • 1992-12-22
    • US669821
    • 1991-03-15
    • David O. MarlerAjit V. SapreDavid S. ShihabiRichard F. SochaScott A. Stevenson
    • David O. MarlerAjit V. SapreDavid S. ShihabiRichard F. SochaScott A. Stevenson
    • B01D53/86C10G11/18
    • B01D53/8625B01D53/8621C10G11/182B01D2257/408Y02P30/446
    • A flue gas that contains small amounts of both HCN and NO.sub.x, produced, for example, by catalyst regeneration in the fluid catalytic cracking of a petroleum gas oil, is readily denitrified by the catalyzed reaction that proceeds approximately according to:HCN+NO.fwdarw.N.sub.2 (gas)+CO+CO.sub.2 +H.sub.2 OIf the molar ratio of HCN to NO in the flue gas is about 1.0, e.g. in the range of about 0.8 to 1.2, effective denitrification is achieved without first changing the composition of the flue gas by contacting it with catalyst under conversion conditions including elevated temperature. If the molar ratio of HCN to NO exceeds 1.2, the ratio may be adjusted to about 1.0 to 1.1 by thermal or catalytic oxidation in the presence of oxygen gas, followed by catalytic denitrification. If the molar ratio is less than about 0.8, the effective molar ratio is adjusted to about 1.0 to 1.1 by adding NH.sub.3 gas, followed by denitirification. In all three instances an excessive content of carbon monoxide in the flue gas may be corrected by passing the denitrified flue gas to a CO-boiler.Catalysts for the denitrification reaction are described and exemplified by crystalline zeolites of the ZSM-5 type, and by vanadium oxide supported on titania.
    • 含有少量HCN和NOx的烟道气,例如通过在石油瓦斯油的流化催化裂化中的催化剂再生产生的烟气,可以通过大致按以下方式进行的催化反应脱氮:HCN + NO-> N2(气体)+ CO + CO2 + H2O如果烟气中HCN与NO的摩尔比为约1.0, 在约0.8至1.2的范围内,无需首先在包括升高的温度的转化条件下将催化剂与催化剂接触,而不改变烟道气的组成,实现有效的脱氮。 如果HCN与NO的摩尔比超过1.2,则在氧气存在下通过热或催化氧化将该比例调节至约1.0至1.1,然后进行催化反硝化。 如果摩尔比小于约0.8,则通过加入NH 3气体将有效摩尔比调节至约1.0-1.1,然后进行脱硝。 在所有三种情况下,可以通过将反硝化烟道气通过CO锅炉来校正烟道气中过量的一氧化碳。 用于脱氮反应的催化剂通过ZSM-5型的结晶沸石和负载在二氧化钛上的氧化钒来描述和例示。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Zeolite synthesis using an alcohol or like molecule
    • 使用醇或类似分子的沸石合成
    • US5063038A
    • 1991-11-05
    • US91612
    • 1987-08-31
    • Garry W. KirkerDonald J. KlockeJames C. VartuliPochen ChuDavid O. MarlerJohn P. McWilliams
    • Garry W. KirkerDonald J. KlockeJames C. VartuliPochen ChuDavid O. MarlerJohn P. McWilliams
    • B01J29/40B01J29/65B01J29/70C01B39/48C07C2/66C07C4/18
    • C07C4/18B01J29/40B01J29/65B01J29/7046C01B39/48C07C2/66B01J2229/20B01J2229/26B01J2229/36B01J2229/42C07C2529/65C07C2529/70Y10S423/35Y10S423/36
    • There is provided a method for preparing a zeolite other than ZSM-5 from a reaction mixture comprising a mixed organic directing agent which is a combination of (a) an organic nitrogen containing compound such as an amine or a quaternary ammonium compound and (b) an alcohol and/or diol. Particular zeolites synthesized by this method include ZSM-22 and ZSM-23. The use of an alcohol or a diol may inhibit the coformation of ZSM-5. Especially when used to prepare ZSM-23, this method enables the preparation of more catalytically active ZSM-23 of reduced crystallite size and also enables the use of lower crystallization temperatures. Particular mixed organic directing agents for the preparation of ZSM-23 are combination of (a) pyrrolidine and (b) ethanol or ethylene glycol. Other factors which enhance the activity of ZSM-23 include the use of the following in the reaction mixtures for preparing ZSM-23: potassium ions; precipitated silica particles as sources of silica; and spray dried precipitated silica/alumina particles as sources of silica and alumina. The catalytic stability of alumina bound ZSM-23 catalysts is especially enhanced by steaming. Particular reactions which can be catalyzed by ZSM-23 made according to methods described herein include the dealkylation of ethylbenzene and the alkylation of benzene with ethylene.
    • 提供了一种从含有(a)有机氮化合物如胺或季铵化合物的组合的混合有机导向剂的反应混合物制备ZSM-5以外的沸石的方法,(b) 醇和/或二醇。 通过该方法合成的特定沸石包括ZSM-22和ZSM-23。 使用醇或二醇可能会抑制ZSM-5的共形。 特别是当用于制备ZSM-23时,该方法能够制备更小的微晶尺寸的更具催化活性的ZSM-23,并且还能够使用较低的结晶温度。 用于制备ZSM-23的特殊混合有机导向剂是(a)吡咯烷和(b)乙醇或乙二醇的组合。 提高ZSM-23活性的其他因素包括在制备ZSM-23:钾离子的反应混合物中使用以下物质: 沉淀二氧化硅颗粒作为二氧化硅来源; 和喷雾干燥的沉淀二氧化硅/氧化铝颗粒作为二氧化硅和氧化铝的来源。 氧化铝结合的ZSM-23催化剂的催化稳定性通过蒸汽特别提高。 根据本文所述方法制备的可以由ZSM-23催化的特定反应包括乙苯的脱烷基化和苯与乙烯的烷基化。