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1. 发明申请

US20070158886A1 Spring element for rail vehicles 有权
标题翻译：铁路车辆弹簧元件
公开(公告)号：US20070158886A1
公开(公告)日：2007-07-12
申请号：US10587847
申请日：2004-12-08
申请人： Volker Gedenk , Andreas Kropf , Friedrich Hoppmann
发明人： Volker Gedenk , Andreas Kropf , Friedrich Hoppmann
IPC分类号： F16F9/04
CPC分类号： F16F1/374 , F16F1/376 , F16F1/44 , F16F2230/02
摘要： A spring element (2) consists essentially of an elastic spring body (4) which is fixed between two rigid end parts (6, 8) arranged at a variable spacing from each other. The spring body (4) consisting of rubber or a rubber-type plastic has a rotationally symmetrical cross section, the longitudinal section shows a biconvex surface line. A U-shaped cross section is formed as a result of a cavity (10). The abrasion caused by the introduction of vertical and horizontal forces is to be reduced and an easy, horizontal slide is to be made possible. The surface (12) of the spring body (4) is provided with ribs (14; 14a, . . . ) that are arranged at spacings (A) from each other and are intersected by ribs (16; 16a, . . . ) or groups of ribs (16, . . . ) also arranged at spacings (A) from each other. Polygonal fields (18a, . . . ) are formed on the surface (12) of the spring body (4) in the gaps between the ribs (14,. . . ; 16, . . . ) according to the angle of intersection. Instead of the ribbing, or in addition thereto, the spring body (4) and/or the surface of at least one of the end bodies (6 and/or 8) can be provided with a smooth surface. The ribs (14a, . . . ; 16a, . . . ) are preferably approximately 2 mm thick and approximately 10 mm apart. The spring element is especially used as an additional spring combined with a pneumatic spring in rail vehicles.
摘要翻译：弹簧元件（2）基本上由弹性弹簧体（4）组成，弹性体固定在彼此间隔可变的两个刚性端部（6,8）之间。由橡胶或橡胶型塑料构成的弹簧体（4）具有旋转对称的横截面，纵向部分示出双凸面线。作为空腔（10）的结果形成U形横截面。引入垂直和水平力引起的磨损将被减少，并且可以实现容易的水平滑动。弹簧体（4）的表面（12）设置有肋（14; 14a ...），它们以彼此间隔（A）设置并与肋（16; 16a，...）相交。）或也以彼此间隔（A）布置的肋（16，...）组。根据交叉角度，在肋（14 ... ... 16）之间的间隙中，在弹簧体（4）的表面（12）上形成多边形场（18a ...）。弹簧体（4）和/或至少一个端体（6和/或8）的表面可以设置有光滑表面，而不是肋条，或除此之外。肋（14 a，...，16 a，...）优选为约2mm厚，间隔约10mm。弹簧元件特别用作与轨道车辆中的气动弹簧相结合的附加弹簧。

2. 发明授权

US07484719B2 Spring element for rail vehicles 有权
标题翻译：铁路车辆弹簧元件
公开(公告)号：US07484719B2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-03
申请号：US10587847
申请日：2004-12-08
申请人： Volker Gedenk , Andreas Kropf , Friedrich Hoppmann
发明人： Volker Gedenk , Andreas Kropf , Friedrich Hoppmann
IPC分类号： F16F9/04
CPC分类号： F16F1/374 , F16F1/376 , F16F1/44 , F16F2230/02
摘要： A spring element (2) consists essentially of an elastic spring body (4) which is fixed between two rigid end parts (6, 8) arranged at a variable spacing from each other. The spring body (4) consisting of rubber or a rubber-type plastic has a rotationally symmetrical cross section, the longitudinal section shows a biconvex surface line. A U-shaped cross section is formed as a result of a cavity (10). The abrasion caused by the introduction of vertical and horizontal forces is to be reduced and an easy, horizontal slide is to be made possible. The surface (12) of the spring body (4) is provided with ribs (14; 14a, . . . ) that are arranged at spacings (A) from each other and are intersected by ribs (16; 16a, . . . ) or groups of ribs (16, . . . ) also arranged at spacings (A) from each other. Polygonal fields (18a, . . . ) are formed on the surface (12) of the spring body (4) in the gaps between the ribs (14, . . . ; 16, . . . ) according to the angle of intersection. Instead of the ribbing, or in addition thereto, the spring body (4) and/or the surface of at least one of the end bodies (6 and/or 8) can be provided with a smooth surface. The ribs (14a, . . . ; 16a, . . . ) are preferably approximately 2 mm thick and approximately 10 mm apart. The spring element is especially used as an additional spring combined with a pneumatic spring in rail vehicles.
摘要翻译：弹簧元件（2）基本上由弹性弹簧体（4）组成，弹性体固定在彼此间隔可变的两个刚性端部（6,8）之间。由橡胶或橡胶型塑料构成的弹簧体（4）具有旋转对称的横截面，纵向部分示出双凸面线。作为空腔（10）的结果形成U形横截面。引入垂直和水平力引起的磨损将被减少，并且可以实现容易的水平滑动。弹簧体（4）的表面（12）设置有肋（14; 14a，...），它们以彼此间隔（A）设置并与肋（16; 16a ...）相交，或彼此排列成间隔（A）的一组肋（16，...）。根据交叉角度，在肋（14 ... 16 ...）之间的间隙中，在弹簧体（4）的表面（12）上形成多边形场（18a，...）。弹簧体（4）和/或至少一个端体（6和/或8）的表面可以设置有光滑表面，而不是肋条，或除此之外。肋（14a，... 16a等）优选为约2mm厚，间隔约10mm。弹簧元件特别用作与轨道车辆中的气动弹簧相结合的附加弹簧。

3. 发明授权

US5577548A Continuous casting process and plant 失效
标题翻译：连铸工艺和工厂
公开(公告)号：US5577548A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-26
申请号：US322770
申请日：1994-10-13
申请人： Gerald Hohenbichler , Kurt Engel , Andreas Kropf
发明人： Gerald Hohenbichler , Kurt Engel , Andreas Kropf
IPC分类号： B22D11/12
CPC分类号： B22D11/1206
摘要： In continuous casting in a continuous casting plant, a strand (2) after emergence from the mold (1) is reduced in thickness by a wedge-shaped roller gap. In order to assure upon the casting to obtain the shortest possible wedge-shaped solidified head piece (25) or in the event of an interruption in casting or a decrease in the operating casting speed a short completely solidified strand intermediate piece of a thickness (28) differing from the desired final thickness (26) of the strand, the strand (2) is reduced in thickness exclusively in a region in which it has a liquid center (20), support segments (4, 5) being so directed at all times that the liquid tip (19) of the liquid center (20) always lies in a region of the strand guide in which the roller gap developed by the rollers (8) is the narrowest parallel gap--with respect to the following strand guide and disregarding a roller adjustment which follows the shrinkage of the completely solidified strand.
摘要翻译：在连续铸造设备中的连续铸造中，从模具（1）出来之后的股线（2）的厚度通过楔形辊间隙而减小。为了确保铸造获得尽可能短的楔形固化头部件（25），或者在铸造中断或铸造速度降低的情况下，将厚度为（28）的短的完全凝固的钢绞线中间件）与股份的期望最终厚度（26）不同，股线（2）的厚度仅在其具有液体中心（20）的区域中减小，支撑段（4,5）全部被引导液体中心（20）的液体末端（19）总是位于线材引导件的由辊（8）展开的辊隙的区域相对于下一个线引导件是最窄的平行间隙，并且不考虑完全凝固的股线收缩后的辊子调整。

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