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    • 2. 发明申请
    • Use of 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinato acetic acid or the salts thereof as an initiator in w/o emulsions
    • 在w / o乳液中使用2-羟基-2-亚磺酰基乙酸或其盐作为引发剂
    • US20060229369A1
    • 2006-10-12
    • US10568777
    • 2004-08-20
    • Jurgen FrankGunter RenzEberhard SchuppBernhard SteinmetzKarl Bayer
    • Jurgen FrankGunter RenzEberhard SchuppBernhard SteinmetzKarl Bayer
    • B01D17/05
    • C08F4/40C08F2/32
    • Process for the preparation of homopolymers or copolymers by homopolymerization or copolymerization of free-radically polymerizable water-soluble and/or water-dispersible monomers, optionally with further comonomers and optionally with at least one crosslinker, in an inverse emulsion polymerization in the presence of at least one redox initiator pair comprising an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, where the reducing agent is 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinatoacetic acid and/or salt thereof; homopolymers or copolymers preparable by the process according to the invention, water-in-oil emulsions which comprise at least one homopolymer or copolymer according to the invention, solid compositions which comprise at least one homopolymer or copolymer according to the invention, the use of 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinatoacetic acid and/or salt thereof as reducing agent in a process for the preparation of homopolymers or copolymers; the use of the water-in-oil emulsion comprising at least one homopolymer or copolymer according to the invention for the thickening of aqueous solutions, and the use of 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinatoacetic acid and/or salt thereof as reducing component of a redox initiator pair comprising an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent for avoiding induction times during inverse emulsion polymerization.
    • 通过在可溶自由基聚合的水溶性和/或水分散性单体,任选与其它共聚单体和任选与至少一种交联剂共聚合或共聚制备均聚物或共聚物的方法中,在反相乳液聚合中,在 包含氧化剂和还原剂的至少一种氧化还原引发剂对,其中所述还原剂是2-羟基-2-亚磺酰基乙酸和/或其盐; 可通过本发明方法制备的均聚物或共聚物,包含至少一种根据本发明的均聚物或共聚物的油包水乳液,包含至少一种根据本发明的均聚物或共聚物的固体组合物,使用2 - 羟基-2-亚磺酰乙酸和/或其盐作为制备均聚物或共聚物的方法中的还原剂; 使用包含至少一种本发明的均聚物或共聚物的油包水乳液用于水溶液的增稠,以及使用2-羟基-2-亚磺酰基乙酸和/或其盐作为 包含氧化剂和还原剂的氧化还原引发剂对,用于避免反相乳液聚合期间的诱导时间。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Method of and apparatus for testing transmission line carrying bipolar
PCM signals
    • 传输线传输双极PCM信号的测试方法和装置
    • US3965294A
    • 1976-06-22
    • US570774
    • 1975-04-23
    • Gunter RenzWalter WehrBertram Amann
    • Gunter RenzWalter WehrBertram Amann
    • H04L1/00G08C25/02H04J3/14H04L1/24H04L25/49H04L25/06
    • H04L1/24H04L25/4925
    • To check the bit-distortion ratio of a transmission line carrying bipolar PCM signals, converted from a binary to a balanced ternary code at the tramsmitting end and reconverted into binary signals at the receiving end, binary test words and identical reference words are simultaneously read out from storage at opposite ends of the line. The test words are converted into bipolar form, for transmission, and the received pulses are distributed according to polarity over a first pair of leads while the binary pulses of the reference words are distributed over a second pair of leads according to the conversion code used at the transmitting end. The pulse trains on corresponding leads are compared, bit by bit, in a deviation monitor whose output, in response to any mismatch, advances a reversible counter which is reverse-stepped by timing pulses of a cadence reduced by a frequency divider to a fraction of the bit rate. If the error rate exceeds that fraction of the bit rate, the counter reaches an alarm position in which it emits an enabling signal allowing a polarity comparator to switch the local pulse distributors while letting a polarity-independent pattern comparator arrest the readout of reference words until the patterns of energization of the two pairs of leads are again identical.
    • 为了检查携带双极性PCM信号的传输线的比特失真比,从二进制转换到平衡三进制码,并在接收端重新转换成二进制信号,二进制测试字和相同的参考字同时被读出 从存储在线的相对端。 测试字被转换为双极形式用于传输,并且接收的脉冲根据第一对引线上的极性分布,而参考字的二进制脉冲根据第二对引线上的转换码分布在第二对引线上 发送端。 相应引线上的脉冲序列逐比例地在偏差监视器中进行比较,该偏差监视器的输出响应于任何失配,将可逆计数器推进到可逆计数器,该可逆计数器通过由分频器减少的一个节奏的定时脉冲反向步调到 比特率。 如果误码率超过比特率的一部分,则计数器到达报警位置,在该位置发出允许极性比较器切换本地脉冲分配器的使能信号,同时让极性无关的模式比较器阻止参考字的读出直到 两对引线的通电模式再次相同。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Method of and circuitry for detecting synchronism failure of two word
sequences
    • 用于检测两个字序列的同步故障的方法和电路
    • US5430746A
    • 1995-07-04
    • US149014
    • 1993-11-08
    • Gunter Renz
    • Gunter Renz
    • H04L7/04G06F11/00
    • H04L7/043
    • A method of and a circuit arrangement for detecting synchronization of two word sequences between a measurement signal and a reference signal. The signals are applied to an exclusive OR-gate comparator whose output produces an error signal which is compared with an error signal shifted by one period. This comparison is effected by an exclusive OR-gate and in the case of coincidence, indicating that the measurement and reference signals are phase-shifted, a new synchronization is enabled. The output of the exclusive OR-gate is an error signal which is time-shifted in a shift register and multiplexer so that the time shifted bit sequence is compared with the bit sequence of the first error signal in a second exclusive OR-gate which is connected to an AND-gate for detecting coincidence and generating a further synchronization signal which is processed through counters, another AND-gate and a flip-flop to produce the synchronization signal which is applied to the reference pattern generated.
    • 一种用于检测测量信号和参考信号之间的两个字序列的同步的方法和电路装置。 信号被施加到异或门比较器,其输出产生一个误差信号,该误差信号与偏移一个周期的误差信号进行比较。 该比较由异或门实现,并且在符合的情况下,指示测量和参考信号是相移的,启用新的同步。 异或门的输出是在移位寄存器和多路复用器中被时移的误差信号,使得时移位序列与第二异或门中的第一异或门的比特序列进行比较,第二异或门是 连接到用于检测符合的与门,并产生通过计数器处理的另一个同步信号,另一个与门和触发器产生施加到生成的参考图案的同步信号。