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1. 发明授权

US06511739B2 Transparent beads and their production method 有权
公开(公告)号：US06511739B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-28
申请号：US09845440
申请日：2001-04-30
申请人： Toshihiro Kasai , Kenton D. Budd , Stephen L. Lieder , James A. Laird , Chikafumi Yokoyama , Toshinori Naruse , Kenji Matsumoto , Hirohiko Ono
发明人： Toshihiro Kasai , Kenton D. Budd , Stephen L. Lieder , James A. Laird , Chikafumi Yokoyama , Toshinori Naruse , Kenji Matsumoto , Hirohiko Ono
IPC分类号： B32B516
CPC分类号： C04B35/18 , C03C12/02 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3203 , C04B2235/3206 , C04B2235/3208 , C04B2235/3244 , C04B2235/3248 , C04B2235/3284 , C04B2235/3293 , C04B2235/3409 , C04B2235/3454 , C04B2235/3463 , Y10S977/724 , Y10S977/776 , Y10S977/779 , Y10S977/788 , Y10T428/24372 , Y10T428/24413 , Y10T428/24421 , Y10T428/252 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/257 , Y10T428/258 , Y10T428/259 , Y10T428/2982
摘要： Transparent solid, fused microspheres are provided. In one embodiment, the microspheres contain alumina, zirconia, and silica in a total content of at least about 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the solid, fused microspheres, wherein the total content of alumina and zirconia is greater than the content of silica, and further wherein the microspheres have an index of refraction of at least about 1.6 and are useful as lens elements.

2. 发明授权

US06335083B1 Transparent beads and their production method 失效
标题翻译：透明珠及其制作方法
公开(公告)号：US06335083B1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-01
申请号：US09062045
申请日：1998-04-17
申请人： Toshihiro Kasai , Kenton D. Budd , Stephen L. Lieder , James A. Laird , Chikafumi Yokoyama , Toshinori Naruse , Kenji Matsumoto , Hirohiko Ono
发明人： Toshihiro Kasai , Kenton D. Budd , Stephen L. Lieder , James A. Laird , Chikafumi Yokoyama , Toshinori Naruse , Kenji Matsumoto , Hirohiko Ono
IPC分类号： C04B3500
CPC分类号： C04B35/18 , C03C12/02 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3203 , C04B2235/3206 , C04B2235/3208 , C04B2235/3244 , C04B2235/3248 , C04B2235/3284 , C04B2235/3293 , C04B2235/3409 , C04B2235/3454 , C04B2235/3463 , Y10S977/724 , Y10S977/776 , Y10S977/779 , Y10S977/788 , Y10T428/24372 , Y10T428/24413 , Y10T428/24421 , Y10T428/252 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/257 , Y10T428/258 , Y10T428/259 , Y10T428/2982
摘要： Transparent solid, fused microspheres are provided. In one embodiment, the microspheres contain alumina, zirconia, and silica in a total content of at least about 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the solid, fused microspheres, wherein the total content of alumina and zirconia is greater than the content of silica, and further wherein the microspheres have an index of refraction of at least about 1.6 and are useful as lens elements.
摘要翻译：提供透明固体，熔融微球。在一个实施方案中，基于固体，熔融微球的总重量，微球含有总重量至少约70重量％的氧化铝，氧化锆和二氧化硅，其中氧化铝和氧化锆的总含量大于二氧化硅的含量，并且其中所述微球具有至少约1.6的折射率并且可用作透镜元件。

3. 发明授权

US06514892B1 Transparent beads and their production method 有权
公开(公告)号：US06514892B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-04
申请号：US09563627
申请日：2000-05-02
申请人： Toshihiro Kasai , Kenton D. Budd , Stephen L. Lieder , James A. Laird , Chikafumi Yokoyama , Toshinori Naruse , Kenji Matsumoto , Hirohiko Ono
发明人： Toshihiro Kasai , Kenton D. Budd , Stephen L. Lieder , James A. Laird , Chikafumi Yokoyama , Toshinori Naruse , Kenji Matsumoto , Hirohiko Ono
IPC分类号： B32B516
CPC分类号： C04B35/18 , C03C12/02 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3203 , C04B2235/3206 , C04B2235/3208 , C04B2235/3244 , C04B2235/3248 , C04B2235/3284 , C04B2235/3293 , C04B2235/3409 , C04B2235/3454 , C04B2235/3463 , Y10S428/913 , Y10S501/901 , Y10S977/776 , Y10S977/779 , Y10S977/788 , Y10T428/25 , Y10T428/252 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/257 , Y10T428/258 , Y10T428/259 , Y10T428/2982
摘要： Transparent solid, fused microspheres are provided. In one embodiment, the microspheres contain alumina, zirconia, and silica in a total content of at least about 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the solid, fused microspheres, wherein the total content of alumina and zirconia is greater than the content of silica, and further wherein the microspheres have an index of refraction of at least about 1.6 and are useful as lens elements.

4. 发明授权

US6050691A Method of making randomly oriented cube-corner articles 有权
标题翻译：制作随机取向的立体角件的方法
公开(公告)号：US6050691A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-18
申请号：US174747
申请日：1998-10-19
申请人： Benjamin T. Fellows , Gerald M. Benson , James A. Laird
发明人： Benjamin T. Fellows , Gerald M. Benson , James A. Laird
IPC分类号： G02B5/124 , G02B5/122
CPC分类号： G02B5/124 , Y10S359/90
摘要： Retroreflective cube-corner articles having randomly oriented cube-corner elements exhibiting rotational symmetry and entrance angularity like microsphere-based sheeting but having increased retroreflective efficiency from cube-corners. The inventive sheeting may contain cube-corner elements typically of different cube-corner geometries, different cube-corner dimensions, and different central axis heights. The cube-corner elements are positioned randomly and are typically not adjacent to one another. Also, methods of making such articles are provided.
摘要翻译：具有随机取向的立方隅角元件的回射立体角件具有如微球基片材具有旋转对称性和入射角度，但是具有从立体角增加的回射效率。本发明的片材可以包含通常具有不同立体角几何形状，不同立方角尺寸和不同中心轴高度的立体角元件。立体角元件是随机定位的，通常不相邻。此外，提供制造这种制品的方法。

5. 发明授权

US5053253A Skid-resistant pavement markings 失效
标题翻译：防滑路面标记
公开(公告)号：US5053253A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-01
申请号：US467988
申请日：1990-01-22
申请人： Robert A. Haenggi , James A. Laird
发明人： Robert A. Haenggi , James A. Laird
IPC分类号： C04B26/16 , C04B41/45 , C04B41/81 , E01F9/04
CPC分类号： C04B41/81 , C04B26/16 , C04B41/4584 , E01F9/512
摘要： A skid-resistant pavement marking sheet including a top surface and a plurality of skid-resistant ceramic spheroids embedded in and protruding from the surface. The ceramic spheroids are fired from a raw material mixture including 10-97 wt. % mineral particulates, 3-90 wt. % alumina, and at least 1 wt. % binder, at a temperature of about 1300.degree. C., have an outer surface rich in alumina concentration relative to the center of the spheroid, and are resistant to crushing and fracturing.
摘要翻译：一种防滑路面标记片，其包括嵌入并从表面突出的顶表面和多个防滑陶瓷球体。陶瓷球体由原料混合物烧制，包括10-97wt。％矿物颗粒，3-90重量％％氧化铝，和至少1重量％％粘合剂在约1300℃的温度下具有相对于球状体中心富含氧化铝浓度的外表面，并且耐破碎和压裂。

6. 发明授权

US4944905A Particulate ceramic useful as a proppant 失效
标题翻译：颗粒陶瓷可用作支撑剂
公开(公告)号：US4944905A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-31
申请号：US820013
申请日：1986-01-21
申请人： James L. Gibb , James A. Laird , George W. Lee , William C. Whitcomb
发明人： James L. Gibb , James A. Laird , George W. Lee , William C. Whitcomb
IPC分类号： C04B35/19 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267
CPC分类号： C04B35/19 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267
摘要： Process for making particulate ceramics having an alumina rich region near their surface, comprising the following steps:(a) mixing and pelletizing, with the aid of water, raw materials including a mineral particulate such as nepheline syenite and a binder such as bentonite;(b) drying the wet pellets from step (a);(c) mixing the dried pellets with alumina parting agent; and(d) firing the mixture of pellets and parting agent at a sufficient temperature (less than 1450.degree. C.) and for sufficient time for vitrification to occur.
摘要翻译：具有以下步骤制造具有氧化铝富集区的颗粒状陶瓷的方法：（a）借助于水，将包括诸如霞石正长岩的矿物颗粒和诸如膨润土的粘合剂的原料混合和造粒; （b）从步骤（a）中干燥湿颗粒; （c）将干燥的粒料与氧化铝分离剂混合; 和（d）在足够的温度（低于1450℃）下烧制颗粒和脱模剂的混合物，并且足够的时间进行玻璃化。

7. 发明授权

US4869960A Epoxy novolac coated ceramic particulate 失效
标题翻译：环氧酚醛清漆涂层陶瓷颗粒
公开(公告)号：US4869960A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US097871
申请日：1987-09-17
申请人： James L. Gibb , James A. Laird , Leslie G. Berntson
发明人： James L. Gibb , James A. Laird , Leslie G. Berntson
IPC分类号： C04B41/45 , C04B41/48 , C04B41/81 , C04B41/83 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B41/4584 , C04B41/4853 , C04B41/81 , C04B41/83 , C09K8/805 , E21B43/267 , Y10T428/2991 , Y10T428/2993 , Y10T428/2995 , Y10T428/2996 , Y10T428/2998
摘要： Ceramic particulate useful as a proppant in hydraulic fracturing and in gravel packing operations is provided which comprises a ceramic (sometimes vitreous) core surrounded by an epoxy resin coating. Novolac epoxy resin compounds without any substantial acid soluble filler are used to coat ceramic particulates similar to those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,680,230 and 4,632,876. The result is a product which combines the excellent solvent resistance of the ceramics with the acid resistance of the resin. The resin coating gives the added benefits of lower specific gravity and improved crush resistance.

8. 发明授权

US4725390A Process for making ceramic spheroids 失效
标题翻译：制造陶瓷球体的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4725390A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-16
申请号：US874095
申请日：1986-06-13
申请人： James A. Laird , Warren R. Beck
发明人： James A. Laird , Warren R. Beck
IPC分类号： B01D39/06 , B01J19/30 , C04B20/06 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267 , C04B33/34 , C04B35/56 , C04B35/84 , C04B41/81
CPC分类号： B01J19/30 , B01D39/06 , C04B20/068 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267
摘要： A process for making ceramic spheriods by mixing and converting spheroids, with the aid of water, raw materials of 50-99.8 parts by weight mineral particulate (e.g. blend of orthoclase, nepheline, hornblende and diopside) which particulate includes at least one mineral having chemically bound water or sulphur in a form which is not substantially water soluble and in amounts sufficient to yield 0.5 to 5 weight percent water or 0.04 to 2 weight percent sulphur in the total mass; 0.1 to 50 parts by weight silicon carbide; and 0.1 to 15 parts binder. The wet spheroids are dried and the dry spheroids are fired in contact with a parting agent (e.g. aluminum oxide) for a sufficiently long time to form a shell containing parting agent on the ceramic mineral having a fired density of less than about 2.9 grams per cubic centimeter when fired above 1,100.degree. C. The binder is typically bentonite clay.
摘要翻译：通过混合和转化球体，借助于水，原料为50-99.8重量份的矿物颗粒（例如正交碱，霞石，角闪石和透辉石的混合物），制备陶瓷球状体的方法，该颗粒包括至少一种具有化学性质的矿物结合水或硫，其形式基本上不溶于水，其用量足以产生0.5至5重量百分比的水或0.04至2重量％的总质量的硫; 0.1〜50重量份碳化硅; 和0.1至15份粘合剂。将湿球体干燥，将干球体与分离剂（例如氧化铝）接触焙烧足够长的时间，以在陶瓷矿物上形成含有分离剂的壳，其烧成密度小于约2.9克/立方厘米在1100℃以上烧制时，粘结剂通常为膨润土。

9. 发明授权

US5094902A Skid-resistant surface marking material 失效
公开(公告)号：US5094902A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-10
申请号：US515112
申请日：1990-04-27
申请人： Robert A. Haenggi , James A. Laird
发明人： Robert A. Haenggi , James A. Laird
IPC分类号： C04B26/16 , C04B41/45 , C04B41/81 , E01F9/04
CPC分类号： C04B41/4584 , C04B26/16 , C04B41/81 , E01F9/512 , Y10T428/24421 , Y10T428/2443
摘要： A skid-resistant, surface marking material is disclosed. The skid-resistant, surface marking material comprises a polymer matrix phase and a plurality of opaque ceramic spheroids partially embedded in and protruding from the top surface of the matrix layer. The ceramic spheroids have rounded surfaces and no substantial points.

10. 发明授权

US4680230A Particulate ceramic useful as a proppant 失效
标题翻译：颗粒陶瓷可用作支撑剂
公开(公告)号：US4680230A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US571739
申请日：1984-01-18
申请人： James L. Gibb , James A. Laird , George W. Lee , William C. Whitcomb
发明人： James L. Gibb , James A. Laird , George W. Lee , William C. Whitcomb
IPC分类号： C04B35/19 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267 , B32B5/16 , C04B38/06 , C09K3/00
CPC分类号： E21B43/267 , C04B35/19 , C09K8/80 , Y10S507/924 , Y10T428/2991 , Y10T428/2996 , Y10T428/2998
摘要： A two-phase ceramic particulate useful as a proppant in hydraulic fracturing operations is provided which comprises a vitreous matrix phase containing a crystalline alumina phase. The new ceramic particles are characterized by:(i) a concentration gradient of alumina which increases from very low in the center to relatively high near the surface of the particles;(ii) a fired density less than about 2.9 g/cc; and(iii) closed cell microporosity.Certain embodiments of the inventive ceramic particulate are also characterized by a Krumbein roundness of at least 0.8 and are chemically stable.The ceramic is made by a process comprising the steps of:a. mixing and pelletizing, with the aid of water, the dry raw materials including a mineral particulate such as nepheline syenite and a binder such as bentonite;b. drying the wet pelletizer product;c. mixing the dried pellets with a parting agent; andd. firing the mixture of pellets and parting agent at sufficient temperature and for sufficient time to cause vitrification to occur.
摘要翻译：提供了一种在水力压裂作业中用作支撑剂的两相陶瓷颗粒，其包含含有结晶氧化铝相的玻璃质基体相。新的陶瓷颗粒的特征在于：（i）氧化铝的浓度梯度从颗粒表面附近的中心极低到较高; （ii）烧结密度小于约2.9g / cc; 和（iii）闭孔微孔。本发明陶瓷颗粒的某些实施方案的特征还在于至少0.8的克氏素圆度并且是化学稳定的。陶瓷通过包括以下步骤的方法制成：a。混合和造粒，借助于水，干燥的原料包括矿物颗粒如霞石正长岩和诸如膨润土的粘合剂; b。干燥造粒机产品; C。将干燥的颗粒与分离剂混合; 和d。在足够的温度下烧制颗粒和脱模剂的混合物并持续足够的时间以引起玻璃化。

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