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1. 发明授权

US07036379B2 Fluid diffusion resistant glass-encased optical sensor 有权
标题翻译：防流体扩散玻璃封装的光学传感器
公开(公告)号：US07036379B2
公开(公告)日：2006-05-02
申请号：US11104180
申请日：2005-04-12
申请人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam
发明人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam
IPC分类号： G01L9/00 , G01J1/34
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01L9/0077 , G01L11/025
摘要： A fluid diffusion resistant tube-encased fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within a sensing element, such as a glass capillary shell 20. A fluid blocking coating 30 is disposed on the outside surface of the capillary shell to prevent the diffusion of fluids, such as water molecules from diffusing into the shell. The fluid diffusion resistant fiber optic sensor reduces errors caused by the diffusion of water into the shell when the sensor is exposed to harsh conditions.
摘要翻译：耐流体扩散的管封装的光纤光栅压力传感器包括一个光纤10，其中布置有布拉格光栅12，该光纤被包封在诸如玻璃毛细管壳20之类的传感元件内。流体阻挡涂层30设置在毛细管壳的外表面上，以防止诸如水分子之类的流体扩散到壳中。当传感器暴露在恶劣的条件下时，防止流体扩散的光纤传感器减少了由水扩散到壳体中引起的误差。

2. 发明授权

US06877378B2 Fluid diffusion resistant glass-encased optical sensor 有权
标题翻译：防流体扩散玻璃封装的光学传感器
公开(公告)号：US06877378B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-12
申请号：US10427335
申请日：2003-05-01
申请人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam
发明人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam
IPC分类号： G01L1/24 , G01L9/00 , G01L11/02 , G01J1/34
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01L9/0077 , G01L11/025
摘要： A fluid diffusion resistant tube-encased fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within a sensing element, such as a glass capillary shell 20. A fluid blocking coating 30 is disposed on the outside surface of the capillary shell to prevent the diffusion of fluids, such as water molecules from diffusing into the shell. The fluid diffusion resistant fiber optic sensor reduces errors caused by the diffusion of water into the shell when the sensor is exposed to harsh conditions.
摘要翻译：耐流体扩散的管封装的光纤光栅压力传感器包括一个光纤10，其中布置有布拉格光栅12，其被封装在诸如玻璃毛细管壳20之类的感测元件内。流体阻挡涂层30设置在外表面的毛细管壳，以防止流体的扩散，例如水分子扩散到壳体中。当传感器暴露在恶劣的条件下时，防止流体扩散的光纤传感器减少了由水扩散到壳体中引起的误差。

3. 发明授权

US07062126B2 Tunable optical filter having large diameter optical waveguide with bragg grating and being configured for reducing the bulk modulus of compressibility thereof 有权
标题翻译：具有布拉格光栅的具有大直径光波导的可调谐滤光器，并且被配置为减小其压缩率的体积弹性模量
公开(公告)号：US07062126B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-13
申请号：US10453880
申请日：2003-06-02
申请人： Alan D. Kersey , Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Michael A. Davis , Thomas W. Engel , Robert N. Brucato , Richard T. Jones , Trevor W. MacDougall , Matthew B. Miller , Paul E. Sanders , James S. Sirkis , James M. Sullivan , Martin A. Putnam
发明人： Alan D. Kersey , Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Michael A. Davis , Thomas W. Engel , Robert N. Brucato , Richard T. Jones , Trevor W. MacDougall , Matthew B. Miller , Paul E. Sanders , James S. Sirkis , James M. Sullivan , Martin A. Putnam
IPC分类号： G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G02B6/024 , B29D11/00721 , C03B37/01211 , C03B37/0122 , C03B37/01222 , C03B2203/14 , C03B2203/16 , C03B2203/34 , G01D5/35303 , G01D5/35383 , G01L1/246 , G01L11/025 , G02B6/02042 , G02B6/021 , G02B6/0218 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/02385 , G02B6/0239
摘要： A tunable optical filter has a large diameter cane waveguide with “side-holes” in the cane cross-section that reduce the force required to compress the large diameter optical waveguide without overly compromising the buckling strength thereof. The large diameter optical waveguide has a cross-section of at least about 0.3 millimeters, including at least one inner core, a Bragg grating arranged therein, a cladding surrounding the inner core, and a structural configuration for providing a reduced bulk modulus of compressibility and maintaining the anti-buckling strength of the large diameter optical waveguide. The structural configuration reduces the cross-sectional area of the large diameter optical waveguide. These side holes reduce the amount of glass that needs to be compressed, but retains the large diameter.
摘要翻译：可调谐滤光器具有在拐杖横截面中具有“侧孔”的大直径拐杖波导，其减小压缩大直径光波导所需的力而不会过度损害其屈曲强度。大直径光波导具有至少约0.3毫米的横截面，包括至少一个内芯，布置在其中的布拉格光栅，围绕内芯的包层，以及用于提供减小的压缩弹性模量的结构构造，以及保持大直径光波导的抗弯曲强度。结构构造减小了大直径光波导的横截面积。这些侧孔减少了需要压缩的玻璃量，但是保留了大直径。

4. 发明授权

US06633695B2 Compression-tuned grating-based optical add/drop multiplexer 有权
标题翻译：压缩调谐光栅光分插复用器
公开(公告)号：US06633695B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-14
申请号：US09800918
申请日：2001-03-06
申请人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G02B628
CPC分类号： G02B6/2932 , G02B6/022 , G02B6/29322 , G02B6/29383 , G02B6/29395 , G02B6/29398 , H04J14/021
摘要： A compression-tuned fiber Bragg grating based reconfigurable wavelength add/drop module has a compression force assembly and an all-glass Bragg grating compression unit having gratings spaced along an axis of compression. The compression force assembly responds to a control electronics signal containing information about a selected wavelength of a channel to be added to or dropped from an optical traffic signal, for providing a compression force applied along the axis of compression. The compression unit responds to the optical traffic signal and the compression force, for providing an all-glass Bragg grating compression unit optical signal having the selected wavelength of the channel to be added to or dropped from the optical traffic signal. The compression unit optical signal may include either the traffic with an added reflected channel(s), or a dropped reflected channel(s). The compression unit is a “dogbone” structure having either a glass tube with an optical fiber fused therein, or a single large diameter waveguide having a core. The core of the optical fiber or waveguide has the gratings spaced therein. The axis of compression is parallel with the longitudinal axis of the dogbone structure.
摘要翻译：基于压缩调谐光纤布拉格光栅的可重构波长加/减模块具有压缩组件和全玻璃布拉格光栅压缩单元，其具有沿压缩轴间隔开的光栅。压缩力组件响应于控制电子信号，该控制电子信号包含关于要添加到或从光学交通信号中掉落的信道的选定波长的信息，以提供沿着压缩轴施加的压缩力。压缩单元响应于光学交通信号和压缩力，用于提供具有要被添加到或从光学交通信号中掉落的信道的所选波长的全玻璃布拉格光栅压缩单元光信号。压缩单元光信号可以包括具有附加反射信道的业务或者丢弃的反射信道。压缩单元是具有熔合在其中的光纤的玻璃管或具有芯的单个大直径波导的“狗骨”结构。光纤或波导的核心具有间隔开的光栅。压缩轴线与狗骨架结构的纵向轴线平行

5. 发明授权

US06626043B1 Fluid diffusion resistant glass-encased fiber optic sensor 有权
标题翻译：耐流体扩散玻璃纤维光纤传感器
公开(公告)号：US06626043B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-30
申请号：US09494417
申请日：2000-01-31
申请人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam
发明人： Timothy J. Bailey , Mark R. Fernald , Alan D. Kersey , Trevor W. MacDougall , Martin A. Putnam
IPC分类号： G01L900
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01L9/0077 , G01L11/025
摘要： A fluid diffusion resistant tube-encased fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within a sensing element, such as a glass capillary shell 20. A fluid blocking coating 30 is disposed on the outside surface of the capillary shell to prevent the diffusion of fluids, such as water molecules from diffusing into the shell. The fluid diffusion resistant fiber optic sensor reduces errors caused by the diffusion of water into the shell when the sensor is exposed to harsh conditions.
摘要翻译：耐流体扩散的管封装的光纤光栅压力传感器包括一个光纤10，其中布置有布拉格光栅12，其被封装在诸如玻璃毛细管壳20之类的感测元件内。流体阻挡涂层30设置在外表面的毛细管壳，以防止流体的扩散，例如水分子扩散到壳体中。当传感器暴露在恶劣的条件下时，防止流体扩散的光纤传感器减少了由水扩散到壳体中引起的误差。

6. 发明授权

US06865194B1 Strain-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor 有权
标题翻译：应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器
公开(公告)号：US06865194B1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-08
申请号：US09455866
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： Christopher J. Wright , Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Christopher J. Wright , Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G01K11/32 , H01S3/30 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01K11/32
摘要： A strain-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical sensing element 20,600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 disposed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating 12 disposed therein, which senses temperature changes but is substantially not sensitive to strains on the element caused by the fiber or other effects. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected at a reflection wavelength λ1. The shape of the sensing element 20,600 may be other geometries and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used or more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the element 20,600 may be doped between a pair of gratings 150,152, disposed therein to form a temperature tunable laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150,152 may be constructed as a temperature tunable DFB laser disposed in the element. Also, the element may have an inner or outer tapered regions 22,27, respectively, to provide strain relief and/or added pull strength for the fiber 10. Further, the fiber 10 and the tube 20 may be made of different coefficients of thermal expansion for increased sensitivity.
摘要翻译：应变隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学传感元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有布置在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅12，该布拉格光栅12被封装在玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分内并且熔合到玻璃毛细管20和/ 大直径波导光栅600具有芯和宽包层并且其中布置有光栅12，其感测温度变化，但对由纤维或其它效应引起的元件上的应变基本上不敏感。光14入射在光栅12上，光16以反射波长λ1反射。感测元件20,600的形状可以是其他几何形状，和/或可以使用多于一个的同心管，或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，或者可以使用多于一个的光纤或光纤。元件20,600的至少一部分可以被掺杂在放置在其中的一对光栅150,152之间以形成温度可调激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可以被构造为设置在元件中的温度可调谐DFB激光器。此外，元件可以分别具有内部或外部锥形区域22,27，以为纤维10提供应变消除和/或增加的拉伸强度。此外，纤维10和管子20可以由不同的热系数扩大灵敏度提高。

7. 发明授权

US06820489B2 Optical differential pressure sensor 有权
公开(公告)号：US06820489B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US10646368
申请日：2003-08-22
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G01L900
CPC分类号： G01L11/025
摘要： A fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical sensing element which includes an optical fiber having a Bragg grating impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube and/or a large diameter waveguide grating having a core and a wide cladding. Light is incident on the grating and light is reflected from the grating at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The sensing element may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing. When external pressure P increases, the grating is compressed and the reflection wavelength &lgr;1 changes. The shape of the sensing element may have other geometries, e.g., a “dogbone” shape, so as to enhance the sensitivity of shift in &lgr;1 due to applied external pressure and may be fused to an outer shell.

8. 发明授权

US06597711B2 Bragg grating-based laser 有权
公开(公告)号：US06597711B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-22
申请号：US10146773
申请日：2002-05-16
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Michael A. Davis , Robert N. Brucato , Martin A. Putnam , Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders , Jon T. Kringlebotn
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Michael A. Davis , Robert N. Brucato , Martin A. Putnam , Alan D. Kersey , Paul E. Sanders , Jon T. Kringlebotn
IPC分类号： H01S310
CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 , G02B6/0218 , G02B6/022 , G02F1/0115 , G02F1/0128 , G02F2201/307 , H01S3/0635 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/1055
摘要： A compression-tuned Bragg grating-based laser 800 includes a pair of optical grating elements 802,804 wherein at least one of the grating elements is tunable by a compression device 812,814. The grating elements may include either an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 or a large diameter waveguide grating element 600 having a core and a wide cladding. The tunable grating element(s) 802,804 are axially compressed, which causes a shift in the reflection wavelength of the gratings 807,809 without buckling the element. The shape of the element may be other geometries (e.g., a “dogbone” shape) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber 10 or core 612 may be used. A gain element, such as Erbium doped fiber, is optical disposed between the grating elements to provide the lasing cavity.

9. 发明授权

US06452667B1 Pressure-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor 有权
标题翻译：压力隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器
公开(公告)号：US06452667B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-17
申请号：US09456113
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Richard T. Jones , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , Richard T. Jones , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G01N2100
CPC分类号： G01K11/3206 , G01D5/35316 , G01K5/52
摘要： A pressure-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical element which includes an optical fiber having at least one Bragg grating disposed therein. The Bragg grating is encased within and fused to at least a portion of an inner glass capillary tube, or comprises a large diameter waveguide grating having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating disposed therein, encased within an outer tube to form a chamber. An extended portion of the sensing element that has the grating therein extends inwardly into the chamber which allows the grating to sense temperature changes but isolates the grating from external pressure. More than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the sensing element may be doped between a pair of gratings to form a temperature tuned laser, or the grating or gratings may be configured as a tunable DFB laser disposed in the sensing element.
摘要翻译：压力隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学元件，该光学元件包括其中布置有至少一个布拉格光栅的光纤。布拉格光栅被封装在内玻璃毛细管的至少一部分中并且熔合到内玻璃毛细管的至少一部分中，或包括具有芯和宽包层并且具有设置在其中的光栅的大直径波导光栅，该光栅包围在外管内以形成室。具有光栅的感测元件的延伸部分向内延伸到腔室中，允许光栅感测温度变化，但是将光栅与外部压力隔离。可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤或光纤。感测元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅之间以形成温度调节的激光器，或者光栅或光栅可被配置为设置在感测元件中的可调DFB激光器。

10. 发明授权

US06422084B1 Bragg grating pressure sensor 有权
标题翻译：布拉格光栅压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US06422084B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-23
申请号：US09455867
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
发明人： Mark R. Fernald , Timothy J. Bailey , Matthew B. Miller , James M. Sullivan , James R. Dunphy , Michael A. Davis , Christopher J. Wright , Alan D. Kersey , Martin A. Putnam , Robert N. Brucato , Paul E. Sanders
IPC分类号： G01L900
CPC分类号： G01L11/025
摘要： A fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical sensing element 20, 600 which includes an optical fiber 10 having a Bragg grating 12 impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 and/or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding and which has an outer transverse dimension of at least 0.3 mm. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected from the grating 12 at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The sensing element 20, 600 may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing 48, 60, 90, 270, 300. When external pressure P increases, the grating 12 is compressed and the reflection wavelength &lgr;1 changes. The shape of the sensing element 20, 600 may have other geometries, e.g., a “dogbone” shape, so as to enhance the sensitivity of shift in &lgr;1 due to applied external pressure and may be fused to an outer shell 50. At least a portion of the sensing element may be doped between a pair of gratings 150, 152, to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150, 152 may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the axial ends of element 20, 600 where the fiber 10 exits the tube 20 may have an inner tapered region 22 and/or a protruding tapered (or fluted) axial section 27 to provide strain relief or improved pull strength for the fiber 10. A temperature grating 270 may be used to measure temperature and allow for a temperature-corrected pressure measurement. The sensor may be suspended within an outer housing 112, by a fluid, spacers, or other means. The invention may also be used as a force transducer.
摘要翻译：光纤光栅压力传感器包括光学感测元件20,600，光学传感元件20,600包括光纤10，该光纤10具有印刷在其中的布拉格光栅12，该光纤10包围玻璃毛细管20和/或大直径波导的至少一部分光栅600具有芯和宽包层，并且具有至少0.3mm的外横向尺寸。光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长lambd1从光栅12反射。感测元件20,600可以自身用作传感器或位于壳体48,60,90,270,3300内。当外部压力P增加时，光栅12被压缩并且反射波长lambd1改变。感测元件20,600的形状可以具有其他几何形状，例如“狗骨”形状，以便增强由于施加的外部压力而导致的羔羊皮1偏移的灵敏度，并且可以将其熔合到外壳50上。至少感测元件的一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅150,152之间以形成压缩调谐的激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可被构造为可调DFB激光器。此外，纤维10离开管20的元件20,600的轴向端部可以具有内锥形区域22和/或突出的锥形（或槽纹）轴向部分27，以提供应变消除或改进的纤维10的拉伸强度可以使用温度光栅270来测量温度并允许进行温度校正的压力测量。传感器可以通过流体，间隔件或其他装置悬挂在外壳体112内。本发明也可以用作力传感器。

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