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1. 发明授权

US06829415B2 Optical waveguide devices with electro-wetting actuation 有权
标题翻译：具有电润湿致动的光波导器件
公开(公告)号：US06829415B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-07
申请号：US10231614
申请日：2002-08-30
申请人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Peter Mach , John A. Rogers , Shu Yang
发明人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Peter Mach , John A. Rogers , Shu Yang
IPC分类号： G02B634
CPC分类号： G02B6/02195 , B41J2002/14395 , G02B6/02052 , G02B6/021 , G02B6/02385 , G02B6/0239 , G02B6/266 , G02B6/3536 , G02B6/3538 , G02B6/3594
摘要： A tunable optical waveguide is enclosed in an enclosure containing a controllably moveable region of fluid with a refractive index greater than the optical fiber such that at least a first transmission property of the waveguide is modified when the region of fluid is moved. In a first embodiment, the optical device comprises a Bragg grating that is tuned by moving the fluid over the grating to vary the amplitude of desired wavelengths that are reflected back through the core of the fiber. In a second embodiment, the optical device comprises a long-period grating that is tuned by moving the fluid over the grating to vary the amplitude of desired wavelengths that are transferred into the cladding of the fiber and, as a result, to decrease the amplitude of those desired wavelengths that are transmitted through the core of the fiber.
摘要翻译：可调谐光波导被封装在包含可控地可移动的流体区域的外壳中，折射率大于光纤，使得当流体区域移动时波导的至少第一透射特性被改变。在第一实施例中，光学器件包括布拉格光栅，该布拉格光栅通过在光栅上移动流体来调节，以改变通过光纤芯反射回的期望波长的幅度。在第二实施例中，光学装置包括长周期光栅，该长周期光栅通过在光栅上移动流体来调节，以改变被传送到光纤的包层中的所需波长的振幅，结果降低振幅的那些期望的波长通过光纤的纤芯传输。

2. 发明授权

US06665127B2 Method and apparatus for aligning a photo-tunable microlens 失效
标题翻译：用于对准可光调微透镜的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06665127B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-16
申请号：US10135973
申请日：2002-04-30
申请人： Zhenan Bao , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Alan Michael Lyons , Mary Louise Mandich , Louis Thomas Manzione , Elsa Reichmanis , Shu Yang
发明人： Zhenan Bao , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Alan Michael Lyons , Mary Louise Mandich , Louis Thomas Manzione , Elsa Reichmanis , Shu Yang
IPC分类号： G02B106
CPC分类号： G02B3/12 , G02B3/14 , G02F1/01 , G02F2203/18 , G02F2203/28
摘要： A tunable microlens uses a layer of photo-conducting material which results in a voltage differential between at least one of a plurality of electrodes and a droplet of conducting liquid when a light beam is incident upon the photo-conducting material. Such droplet, which forms the optics of the microlens, moves toward an electrode with higher voltage relative to other electrodes in the microlens. Thus, for example, when the light beam is misaligned with the microlens, the voltage differential causes the droplet, and hence the microlens, to realign itself with the beam.
摘要翻译：可调谐微透镜使用一层光导材料，当光束入射到光导材料上时，导致多个电极中的至少一个与导电液滴之间的电压差。形成微透镜的光学器件的这种液滴相对于微透镜中的其它电极朝向具有较高电压的电极移动。因此，例如，当光束与微透镜不对准时，电压差引起液滴，并且因此使微透镜与光束重新对准。

3. 发明授权

US06778328B1 Tunable field of view liquid microlens 有权
标题翻译：可调视野液体微透镜
公开(公告)号：US06778328B1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US10402046
申请日：2003-03-28
申请人： Joanna Aizenberg , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Stanley Pau , Shu Yang
发明人： Joanna Aizenberg , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Stanley Pau , Shu Yang
IPC分类号： G02B312
CPC分类号： G02B3/14 , G02B26/005
摘要： A tunable microlens is disclosed that having a substrate with a non-zero radius of curvature in a way such that the microlens is able to achieve a new directional view without manual repositioning. The directional view of the microlens is altered by applying a voltage to at least one of a plurality of electrodes and thereby causing a voltage differential between the at least one of a plurality of electrodes and a conducting droplet of liquid disposed on the substrate with a non-zero radius of curvature. As the droplet moves to a different point along the surface of the substrate having a non-zero radius of curvature, the directional view the microlens changes in a way such that light originating from the new directional view is more advantageously focused into an image on a detector. The field of view of the microlens is limited only by the area on the substrate over which the droplet can move. An array of such microlenses may be used to facilitate a wider field of view.
摘要翻译：公开了一种可调谐微透镜，其具有非零曲率半径的衬底，使得微透镜能够实现新的方向视图而无需手动重新定位。通过向多个电极中的至少一个施加电压来改变微透镜的方向性视图，从而在多个电极中的至少一个电极和设置在衬底上的液体的导电液滴之间产生电压差，零曲率半径。当液滴沿着具有非零曲率半径的衬底的表面移动到不同的点时，微透镜以这样的方式改变的方向性视图，使得源自新方向视图的光更有利地聚焦到图像上探测器。微透镜的视野仅受液滴可以移动的基底上的面积的限制。可以使用这种微透镜的阵列来促进更广泛的视野。

4. 发明授权

US07455021B2 Method and apparatus for controlling friction between a fluid and a body 有权
标题翻译：用于控制流体和身体之间摩擦的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07455021B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-25
申请号：US11518694
申请日：2006-09-11
申请人： Avinoam Kornblit , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Tobias Manuel Schneider , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss , Shu Yang
发明人： Avinoam Kornblit , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Tobias Manuel Schneider , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss , Shu Yang
IPC分类号： B63B1/34 , B63B21/00
CPC分类号： B63B1/34 , B63H25/00 , Y02T70/121
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed wherein nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on a surface of a body (such as a submersible vehicle) that is adapted to move through a fluid, such as water. The nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on the surface in a way such that the contact between the surface and the fluid is reduced and, correspondingly, the friction between the surface and the fluid is reduced. In an illustrative embodiment, the surface is a surface on a submarine or other submersible vehicle (such as a torpedo). Illustratively, electrowetting principles are used to cause the fluid to at least partially penetrate the nanostructures or microstructures on the surface of the body in order to selectively create greater friction in a desired location of the surface. Such penetration may be used, for example, to create drag that alters the direction or speed of travel of the body.
摘要翻译：公开了一种方法和装置，其中将纳米结构或微结构布置在适于移动通过诸如水的流体的主体（例如潜水车辆）的表面上。纳米结构或微结构以这样的方式设置在表面上，使得表面和流体之间的接触减小，并且相应地减小了表面和流体之间的摩擦。在说明性实施例中，表面是潜艇或其他潜水车辆（例如鱼雷）上的表面。说明性地，使用电润湿原理使流体至少部分地穿透身体表面上的纳米结构或微结构，以便在表面的期望位置选择性地产生更大的摩擦。例如，可以使用这种穿透来产生改变身体行进方向或速度的阻力。

5. 发明申请

US20080236473A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING FRICTION BETWEEN A FLUID AND A BODY 有权
标题翻译：用于控制流体和体液之间的摩擦的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20080236473A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-02
申请号：US11518694
申请日：2006-09-11
申请人： Avinoam Kornblit , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Tobias Manuel Schneider , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss , Shu Yang
发明人： Avinoam Kornblit , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Tobias Manuel Schneider , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss , Shu Yang
IPC分类号： B63B1/34
CPC分类号： B63B1/34 , B63H25/00 , Y02T70/121
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed wherein nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on a surface of a body (such as a submersible vehicle) that is adapted to move through a fluid, such as water. The nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on the surface in a way such that the contact between the surface and the fluid is reduced and, correspondingly, the friction between the surface and the fluid is reduced. In an illustrative embodiment, the surface is a surface on a submarine or other submersible vehicle (such as a torpedo). Illustratively, electrowetting principles are used to cause the fluid to at least partially penetrate the nanostructures or microstructures on the surface of the body in order to selectively create greater friction in a desired location of the surface. Such penetration may be used, for example, to create drag that alters the direction or speed of travel of the body.
摘要翻译：公开了一种方法和装置，其中将纳米结构或微结构布置在适于移动通过诸如水的流体的主体（例如潜水车辆）的表面上。纳米结构或微结构以这样的方式设置在表面上，使得表面和流体之间的接触减小，并且相应地减小了表面和流体之间的摩擦。在说明性实施例中，表面是潜艇或其他潜水车辆（例如鱼雷）上的表面。说明性地，使用电润湿原理使流体至少部分地穿透身体表面上的纳米结构或微结构，以便在表面的期望位置选择性地产生更大的摩擦。例如，可以使用这种穿透来产生改变身体行进方向或速度的阻力。

6. 发明授权

US07156032B2 Method and apparatus for controlling friction between a fluid and a body 有权
标题翻译：用于控制流体和身体之间摩擦的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07156032B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-02
申请号：US10649285
申请日：2003-08-27
申请人： Avinoam Kornblit , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Tobias Manuel Schneider , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss , Shu Yang
发明人： Avinoam Kornblit , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Mary Louise Mandich , Tobias Manuel Schneider , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss , Shu Yang
IPC分类号： B63B1/34 , B64C21/00
CPC分类号： F15D1/10 , B63B1/36 , B63G8/20 , B63H25/50 , B63H25/52 , Y02T70/121
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed wherein nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on a surface of a body (such as a submersible vehicle) that is adapted to move through a fluid, such as water. The nanostructures or microstructures are disposed on the surface in a way such that the contact between the surface and the fluid is reduced and, correspondingly, the friction between the surface and the fluid is reduced. In an illustrative embodiment, the surface is a surface on a submarine or other submersible vehicle (such as a torpedo). Illustratively, electrowetting principles are used to cause the fluid to at least partially penetrate the nanostructures or microstructures on the surface of the body in order to selectively create greater friction in a desired location of the surface. Such penetration may be used, for example, to create drag that alters the direction or speed of travel of the body.
摘要翻译：公开了一种方法和装置，其中将纳米结构或微结构布置在适于移动通过诸如水的流体的主体（例如潜水车辆）的表面上。纳米结构或微结构以这样的方式设置在表面上，使得表面和流体之间的接触减小，并且相应地减小了表面和流体之间的摩擦。在说明性实施例中，表面是潜艇或其他潜水车辆（例如鱼雷）上的表面。说明性地，使用电润湿原理使流体至少部分地穿透身体表面上的纳米结构或微结构，以便在表面的期望位置选择性地产生更大的摩擦。例如，可以使用这种穿透来产生改变身体行进方向或速度的阻力。

7. 发明授权

US06891682B2 Lenses with tunable liquid optical elements 有权
标题翻译：具有可调液晶光学元件的透镜
公开(公告)号：US06891682B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-10
申请号：US10378412
申请日：2003-03-03
申请人： Joanna Aizenberg , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Stanley Pau , Shu Yang
发明人： Joanna Aizenberg , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Stanley Pau , Shu Yang
IPC分类号： G02B3/12 , G02B3/14 , G02B26/02 , G02B9/00 , G03B7/00
CPC分类号： G02B26/004 , G02B3/12 , G02B3/14
摘要： A tunable optical lens includes a solid refractive optical lens, a channel adjacent to the solid refractive optical lens, and an extended body of liquid. A portion of the body forms at least part of an aperture stop for the lens. The portion of the body forms a meniscus that protrudes from or into the channel. The liquid is light-absorbing in the visual spectrum and/or in the near-infrared spectrum.
摘要翻译：可调光学透镜包括固体折射光学透镜，与固体折射光学透镜相邻的通道和延伸的液体。身体的一部分形成用于透镜的孔径光阑的至少一部分。身体的一部分形成从通道或从通道突出的弯月面。液体在视觉光谱和/或近红外光谱中是光吸收的。

8. 发明授权

US06846087B2 Micromirror having counterbalancing structures and method for manufacturing same 有权
标题翻译：具有平衡结构的微镜及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US06846087B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-25
申请号：US10208458
申请日：2002-07-30
申请人： Dustin W Carr , Christopher John Frye , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Victor Alexander Lifton , Michael Patrick Schlax , Alex T Tran , Joseph J Vuillemin
发明人： Dustin W Carr , Christopher John Frye , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Victor Alexander Lifton , Michael Patrick Schlax , Alex T Tran , Joseph J Vuillemin
IPC分类号： G02B5/08 , G02B7/182
CPC分类号： G02B5/08 , G02B5/0808 , G02B5/0816
摘要： A multilayer micromirror structure that exhibits substantially no form change as a result of a given change in temperature is disclosed. A reflective layer is disposed on a substrate layer, and a counterbalancing structure is disposed on the structure in a way such that a neutral plane is located at a predetermined position relative to the substrate layer and the reflective layer. When forces are exerted at the neutral plane of such a structure, the structure attains a predetermined geometric form. A method of manufacture is disclosed wherein a substrate is etched to define a desired structure and a conformal layer of a masking material is deposited onto the etched substrate. Further etching exposes portions of the substrate and silicon is deposited to achieve another desired structure. Excess material is etched away to free the finished structure and a reflective layer is deposited onto the surface of the structure.
摘要翻译：公开了一种由于给定的温度变化而基本上没有形式变化的多层微镜结构。反射层设置在基板层上，并且平衡结构以相对于基板层和反射层位于预定位置的方式设置在结构上。当力在这种结构的中立平面上施加时，结构达到预定的几何形状。公开了一种制造方法，其中蚀刻衬底以限定期望的结构，并且将掩蔽材料的保形层沉积在蚀刻的衬底上。进一步的蚀刻暴露了衬底和硅的部分，以实现另一个期望的结构。蚀刻掉多余的材料以释放完成的结构，并且将反射层沉积到结构的表面上。

9. 发明申请

US20100221597A1 REVERSIBLY-ACTIVATED NANOSTRUCTURED BATTERY 有权
标题翻译：反应活化的纳米结构电池
公开(公告)号：US20100221597A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-02
申请号：US12775177
申请日：2010-05-06
申请人： Marc Scott Hodes , Paul Robert Kolodner , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Alan Michael Lyons , Mary Louise Mandich , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss
发明人： Marc Scott Hodes , Paul Robert Kolodner , Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Alan Michael Lyons , Mary Louise Mandich , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Donald Weiss
IPC分类号： H01M6/42
CPC分类号： H01M6/5077 , B82Y30/00 , H01M4/02 , H01M4/06 , H01M6/36 , H01M6/5038 , H01M2004/021 , Y10S977/948
摘要： A battery having a nanostructured battery electrode is disclosed wherein it is possible to reverse the contact of the electrolyte with the battery electrode and, thus, to return a battery to a reserve state after it has been used to generate current. In order to achieve this reversibility, the nanostructures on the battery electrode comprise a plurality of closed cells and the pressure within the enclosed cells is varied. In a first embodiment, the pressure is varied by varying the temperature of a fluid within the cells by, for example, applying a voltage to electrodes disposed within said cells. In a second illustrative embodiment, once the battery has been fully discharged, the battery is recharged and then the electrolyte fluid is expelled from the cells in a way such that it is no longer in contact with the battery electrode.
摘要翻译：公开了一种具有纳米结构的电池电极的电池，其中可以使电解质与电池电极的接触反转，并且因此在使用电池产生电流之后将电池返回到储备状态。为了实现这种可逆性，电池电极上的纳米结构包括多个闭孔，并且封闭电池内的压力变化。在第一实施例中，通过例如通过将设置在所述单元内的电极施加电压来改变单元内的流体的温度来改变压力。在第二示例性实施例中，一旦电池已经完全放电，电池被再充电，然后电解液以与电池电极不再接触的方式从电池中排出。

10. 发明申请

US20090233156A1 NANOSTRUCTURED BATTERY HAVING END OF LIFE CELLS 失效
标题翻译：具有生命终点的纳米结构电池
公开(公告)号：US20090233156A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-17
申请号：US10803576
申请日：2004-03-18
申请人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Alan Michael Lyons , Steven David Simon , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Brijesh Vyas
发明人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine , Alan Michael Lyons , Steven David Simon , Joseph Ashley Taylor , Brijesh Vyas
IPC分类号： H01M10/42 , H01M6/42 , H01M2/36
CPC分类号： H01M6/52 , H01M6/30 , H01M6/42 , H01M10/4235 , H01M10/54 , H01M2200/00 , Y02W30/84 , Y10S977/948
摘要： A cell-array battery is disclosed having end-of-life cells that can be activated at the end of a battery's life to, illustratively, neutralize the toxic chemicals inside the battery. In one embodiment, neutralization of the electrolyte in the battery is achieved through immobilization of the electrolyte at the end of the life of the battery by, for example, a vitrification process. Using electrowetting techniques, the electrolyte is made to contact a neutralizing substance between the nanostructures in one or more end-of-life cells, thus causing a reaction that results in the electrolyte becoming immobilized by, for example, a polymer substance. In a second illustrative embodiment, when the electrolyte contacts the substance between the nanostructures in one or more end-of-life cells, the chemical composition of the electrolyte is changed into a less toxic chemical compound, thus neutralizing the electrolyte.
摘要翻译：公开了一种电池阵列电池，其具有可在电池寿命结束时被激活的寿命终止电池，以示例性地中和电池内部的有毒化学物质。在一个实施方案中，电池中的电解质的中和通过例如玻璃化过程在电池寿命结束时固定电解质来实现。使用电润湿技术，使电解质与一个或多个寿命终止细胞中的纳米结构之间的中和物质接触，从而导致电解质由例如聚合物物质固定的反应。在第二示例性实施方案中，当电解质与一个或多个寿命终止细胞中的纳米结构物质接触时，电解质的化学组成变成较不有毒的化合物，从而中和电解质。

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