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1. 发明授权

US5394518A Luminance sensitive palette 失效
公开(公告)号：US5394518A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-28
申请号：US69173
申请日：1993-05-27
申请人： Steven J. Friedman , Gillian Furse , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
发明人： Steven J. Friedman , Gillian Furse , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
IPC分类号： G06T11/00 , G06F15/62
CPC分类号： G06T11/001
摘要： A custom palette comprises colors on a plurality of luminance levels consisting of colors of uniform luminance. The spacing in luminance between levels varies in relation to the luminance, the spacing between levels being closer at low luminance and increasing at greater luminance. The palette preferably includes a gray color from each luminance level, highly saturated colors at the vertices of every alternate level, and a selection of lower saturation colors encircling the gray color on each level. The selection of lower saturation colors preferably includes a higher concentration of flesh and sky colors.

2. 发明授权

US06532020B1 Luminance sensitive palette 失效
标题翻译：亮度敏感调色板
公开(公告)号：US06532020B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-11
申请号：US08667291
申请日：1996-06-19
申请人： Steven J. Friedman , Gillian Furse , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
发明人： Steven J. Friedman , Gillian Furse , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
IPC分类号： G06T1100
CPC分类号： G06T11/001
摘要： A custom palette comprises colors on a plurality of luminance levels consisting of colors of uniform luminance. The spacing in luminance between levels varies in relation to the luminance, the spacing between levels being closer at low luminance and increasing at greater luminance. The palette preferably includes a gray color from each luminance level, highly saturated colors at the vertices of every alternate level, and a selection of lower saturation colors encircling the gray color on each level. The selection of lower saturation colors preferably includes a higher concentration of flesh and sky colors.
摘要翻译：自定义调色板包括由均匀亮度的颜色组成的多个亮度级的颜色。亮度之间的亮度间隔相对于亮度而变化，在低亮度下电平之间的间隔更接近并以更高亮度增加。调色板优选地包括来自每个亮度级的灰色，每个交替水平的顶点处的高度饱和的颜色，以及在每个级别上包围灰色的较低饱和度颜色的选择。较低饱和度颜色的选择优选地包括更高浓度的肉和天空颜色。

3. 发明授权

US5455600A Method and apparatus for mapping colors in an image through dithering and diffusion 失效
标题翻译：用于通过抖动和扩散来映射图像中的颜色的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5455600A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-03
申请号：US68925
申请日：1993-05-27
申请人： Steven J. Friedman , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
发明人： Steven J. Friedman , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
IPC分类号： G09G3/20 , G09G5/02 , G09G5/06 , H04N1/52 , G09G1/28
CPC分类号： G09G5/02 , G09G5/06 , H04N1/52 , G09G3/2051 , G09G3/2059
摘要： A high color resolution image is accurately approximated with a low resolution image through a unique combination of ordered dithering and error diffusion. The true color of each pixel is modified with error from previously rendered pixels and then dithered to an intermediate color of 15 bits. The intermediate color is then mapped to the nearest displayable color in a displayable color palette using a precomputed look-up table. Any error between a displayed color of a pixel and its true color is calculated and spread among neighboring pixels not yet rendered.
摘要翻译：通过有序抖动和误差扩散的独特组合，高分辨率图像通过低分辨率图像精确近似。每个像素的真实颜色由先前渲染的像素的错误修改，然后抖动到15位的中间色。然后使用预先计算的查找表将中间颜色映射到可显示调色板中最接近的可显示颜色。计算像素的显示颜色与其真实颜色之间的任何误差，并且在尚未呈现的相邻像素之间进行分散。

4. 发明授权

US5398120A Ordered dither image rendering with non-linear luminance distribution palette 失效
标题翻译：有序的抖动图像渲染与非线性亮度分布调色板
公开(公告)号：US5398120A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-14
申请号：US169576
申请日：1993-12-16
申请人： Steven J. Friedman , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
发明人： Steven J. Friedman , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
IPC分类号： G03F3/08 , H04N1/60 , H04N1/64
CPC分类号： H04N1/644 , H04N1/6058
摘要： A high color resolution image is accurately approximated with a low resolution image through ordered dithering to colors of a displayable color palette. The colors of the displayable color palette are located at points of a grid aligned with three orthogonal axes in a three dimensional color model, including a luminance axis between black and white. The grid points are defined by the intersections of three sets of parallel planes, each set being perpendicular to one of the three axes. The set of planes perpendicular to the luminance axis are spaced nonuniformly, preferably according to a cubic model. The ordered dithering maps the true color of a pixel in the image to the color in the displayable palette at one of eight adjacent grid points. When ordered dithering of a pixel's true color would map the true color to a grid point outside the color gamut, the pixel is instead mapped to the nearest color on the color gamut's border to the grid point.
摘要翻译：通过对可显示调色板的颜色的有序抖动，通过低分辨率图像来精确地近似高分辨率图像。可显示调色板的颜色位于三维颜色模型中与三个正交轴对齐的网格点，包括黑色和白色之间的亮度轴。网格点由三组平行平面的交点定义，每组平行平面垂直于三个轴之一。垂直于亮度轴的平面组不均匀地间隔开，优选地根据立方体模型。有序抖动将图像中的像素的真实颜色映射到可显示调色板中八个相邻网格点之一的颜色。当对像素的真实色彩进行排序抖动时，将真实颜色映射到色域外的网格点，因此将像素映射到色域边界上最接近网格点的颜色。

5. 发明授权

US5341464A Luminance emphasized color image rendering 失效
标题翻译：亮度强调彩色图像渲染
公开(公告)号：US5341464A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US77852
申请日：1993-06-16
申请人： Steven J. Friedman , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
发明人： Steven J. Friedman , Karen A. Hargrove , Joseph M. Joy , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Sunita Shrivastava , Gideon A. Yuval
IPC分类号： G06T11/00 , G06F15/62
CPC分类号： G06T11/001
摘要： A high color resolution image is rendered using a palette having a lower color resolution. The color of each pixel in the image is mapped to the nearest of the palette colors located on or between levels of uniform luminance adjacent to the pixel color. The mapping of the pixel color is further constrained to exclude palette colors for which double the error to the pixel color is outside the color gamut. The mapping is performed efficiently by a look-up table, the size of which is reduced by first dithering the pixel color to a color in an intermediate palette and then indexing the table using the intermediate palette color to find the reduced palette color. The mapping can be performed in an error diffusion process in which the pixel's color is modified by error diffused from any previously rendered neighboring pixels, then mapped to a reduced palette color to render the pixel with the reduced palette color, and finally diffuse any error between the pixel's color and the reduced palette color to any not yet rendered pixels.
摘要翻译：使用具有较低颜色分辨率的调色板呈现高分辨率图像。图像中的每个像素的颜色被映射到位于与像素颜色相邻的均匀亮度之间或之间的调色板颜色中最接近的颜色。像素颜色的映射被进一步约束以排除调色板颜色，其中像素颜色的误差的两倍在色域之外。通过查找表来有效地执行映射，通过首先将像素颜色抖动到中间调色板中的颜色，然后使用中间调色板来对表进行索引来减小其大小，以找到调色板颜色。该映射可以在误差扩散过程中进行，其中通过从先前渲染的相邻像素扩散的误差来修改像素的颜色，然后映射到减少的调色板颜色，以使得具有减小的调色板颜色的像素，并且最终扩散像素的颜色和减少的调色板颜色到任何尚未渲染的像素。

6. 发明授权

US5539471A System and method for inserting and recovering an add-on data signal for transmission with a video signal 失效
标题翻译：用于插入和恢复用于与视频信号一起传输的附加数据信号的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5539471A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-23
申请号：US254363
申请日：1994-05-03
申请人： Nathan P. Myhrvold , Gideon A. Yuval , William E. Kim
发明人： Nathan P. Myhrvold , Gideon A. Yuval , William E. Kim
IPC分类号： H04N7/08 , H04N7/081
CPC分类号： H04N7/081
摘要： A system and method for inserting a data signal into a preexisting video signal in a transmitter so that the data signal is transmitted along with the video signal. The data signal is inserted into an unused portion of the video signal spectrum. The data signal is separated from the video signal in a receiver and may be used for any purpose, even purposes unrelated to the video signal. The data signal is filtered to create a filtered data signal having spectral characteristics that correspond to the unused portion of the video signal spectrum. The filtered signal modulates a carrier signal whose frequency is selected to permit direct insertion of the modulated filtered data signal into the video signal spectrum. In the receiver, the video signal is processed in a normal manner; and the data signal is undetected by normal television receivers. A signal separator separates the filtered data signal from the combined video signal, and an inverse filter recovers the original data signal. In one embodiment, a comb filter is used to generate the filtered data signal with 60 Hertz peaks. An inverse comb filter in the receiver recovers the original data signal. A recirculating buffer may also be used to generate the filtered data signal.
摘要翻译：一种用于将数据信号插入到发射机中的先前存在的视频信号中的系统和方法，使得数据信号与视频信号一起发送。数据信号插入视频信号频谱的未使用部分。数据信号在接收机中与视频信号分离，并且可以用于任何目的，甚至与视频信号无关的目的。对数据信号进行滤波以产生具有对应于视频信号频谱的未使用部分的频谱特性的滤波数据信号。经滤波的信号调制其频率被选择以允许将经调制的滤波数据信号直接插入到视频信号频谱中的载波信号。在接收机中，以正常方式处理视频信号; 并且数据信号不被普通电视接收机检测到。信号分离器将经滤波的数据信号与组合的视频信号分离，逆滤波器恢复原始数据信号。在一个实施例中，梳状滤波器用于产生具有60赫兹峰值的滤波数据信号。接收机中的反梳状滤波器恢复原始数据信号。还可以使用再循环缓冲器来产生经滤波的数据信号。

7. 发明授权

US5621471A System and method for inserting and recovering an add-on data signal for transmission with a video signal 失效
标题翻译：用于插入和恢复用于与视频信号一起传输的附加数据信号的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5621471A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-15
申请号：US237265
申请日：1994-05-03
申请人： William E. Kim , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Gideon A. Yuval
发明人： William E. Kim , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Gideon A. Yuval
IPC分类号： H04N7/08 , H04N7/081
CPC分类号： H04N7/081 , H04N7/0803
摘要： A system and method for modulating a data signal uses a phase shifting transformer function to phase shift the lower and upper sidebands of the data signal so that the sidebands of the data signal have a 180.degree. phase shift with respect to each other (i.e., are complementary). The phase shifted sidebands are added to a standard video signal and then transmitted. A television or other video receiver demodulates the video signal with a simple demodulator circuit, which causes the upper and lower sidebands to be summed together. The data signal, with complementary sidebands, cancels out so that the data signal does not interfere with normal video operation. The upper and lower sidebands of the data signal are processed separately from the video processing circuitry of the television receiver. An inverse phase shifting circuit performs a second phase shift operation on the upper and lower sidebands of the data signal so that the data signal can be demodulated and the data signal recovered.
摘要翻译：用于调制数据信号的系统和方法使用相移变换器功能来相移数据信号的下边带和上边带，使得数据信号的边带相对于彼此具有180°的相移（即，补充）。相移的边带被添加到标准视频信号中，然后发送。电视机或其他视频接收机用简单的解调器电路对视频信号进行解调，这使得上边带和下边带相加在一起。具有互补边带的数据信号被取消，使得数据信号不会干扰正常的视频操作。数据信号的上边带和下边带与电视接收机的视频处理电路分开处理。逆相移电路对数据信号的上边带和下边带执行第二相移操作，使得可以解调数据信号并恢复数据信号。

8. 发明授权

US5739866A System and method for inserting and recovering an on data signal for transmission with a video signal 失效
标题翻译：用于插入和恢复用于与视频信号一起传输的数据信号的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5739866A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US755970
申请日：1996-11-25
申请人： William E. Kim , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Gideon A. Yuval
发明人： William E. Kim , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Gideon A. Yuval
IPC分类号： H04N7/08 , H04N7/081
CPC分类号： H04N7/081 , H04N7/0803
摘要： A system and method for modulating a data signal uses a phase shifting transformer function to phase shift the lower and upper sidebands of the data signal so that the sidebands of the data signal have a 180.degree. phase shift with respect to each other (i.e., are complementary). The phase shifted sidebands are added to a standard video signal and then transmitted. A television or other video receiver demodulates the video signal with a simple demodulator circuit, which causes the upper and lower sidebands to be summed together. The data signal, with complementary sidebands, cancels out so that the data signal does not interfere with normal video operation. The upper and lower sidebands of the data signal are processed separately from the video processing circuitry of the television receiver. An inverse phase shifting circuit performs a second phase shift operation on the upper and lower sidebands of the data signal so that the data signal can be demodulated and the data signal recovered.
摘要翻译：用于调制数据信号的系统和方法使用相移变换器功能来相移数据信号的下边带和上边带，使得数据信号的边带相对于彼此具有180°的相移（即，补充）。相移的边带被添加到标准视频信号中，然后发送。电视机或其他视频接收机用简单的解调器电路对视频信号进行解调，这使得上边带和下边带相加在一起。具有互补边带的数据信号被取消，使得数据信号不会干扰正常的视频操作。数据信号的上边带和下边带与电视接收机的视频处理电路分开处理。逆相移电路对数据信号的上边带和下边带执行第二相移操作，使得可以解调数据信号并恢复数据信号。

9. 发明授权

US5708476A System and method for inserting and recovering a data signal for transmission with a video signal 失效
标题翻译：用于插入和恢复用于与视频信号一起发送的数据信号的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US5708476A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-13
申请号：US681083
申请日：1996-07-22
申请人： Nathan P. Myhrvold , Gideon A. Yuval , William E. Kim
发明人： Nathan P. Myhrvold , Gideon A. Yuval , William E. Kim
IPC分类号： H04N7/08 , H04N7/081
CPC分类号： H04N7/081
摘要： A system and method for inserting a data signal into a preexisting video signal in a transmitter so that the data signal is transmitted along with the video signal. The data signal is inserted into an unused portion of the video signal spectrum. The data signal is separated from the video signal in a receiver and may be used for any purpose, even purposes unrelated to the video signal. The data signal is filtered to create a filtered data signal having spectral characteristics that correspond to the unused portion of the video signal spectrum. The filtered signal modulates a carrier signal whose frequency is selected to permit direct insertion of the modulated filtered data signal into the video signal spectrum. In the receiver, the video signal is processed in a normal manner; and the data signal is undetected by normal television receivers. A signal separator separates the filtered data signal from the combined video signal, and an inverse filter recovers the original data signal. In one embodiment, a comb filter is used to generate the filtered data signal with 60 Hertz peaks. An inverse comb filter in the receiver recovers the original data signal. A recirculating buffer may also be used to generate the filtered data signal.
摘要翻译：一种用于将数据信号插入到发射机中的先前存在的视频信号中的系统和方法，使得数据信号与视频信号一起发送。数据信号插入视频信号频谱的未使用部分。数据信号在接收机中与视频信号分离，并且可以用于任何目的，甚至与视频信号无关的目的。对数据信号进行滤波以产生具有对应于视频信号频谱的未使用部分的频谱特性的滤波数据信号。经滤波的信号调制其频率被选择以允许将经调制的滤波数据信号直接插入到视频信号频谱中的载波信号。在接收机中，以正常方式处理视频信号; 并且数据信号不被普通电视接收机检测到。信号分离器将经滤波的数据信号与组合的视频信号分离，逆滤波器恢复原始数据信号。在一个实施例中，梳状滤波器用于产生具有60赫兹峰值的滤波数据信号。接收机中的反梳状滤波器恢复原始数据信号。还可以使用再循环缓冲器来产生经滤波的数据信号。

10. 发明授权

US07792121B2 Frame protocol and scheduling system 有权
标题翻译：帧协议和调度系统
公开(公告)号：US07792121B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-07
申请号：US10336240
申请日：2003-01-03
申请人： R. Donald Thompson, III , Davide Massarenti , Cosmin A. Corbea , Gerald F. Cermak , Gideon A. Yuval
发明人： R. Donald Thompson, III , Davide Massarenti , Cosmin A. Corbea , Gerald F. Cermak , Gideon A. Yuval
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04H60/06 , H04H60/14 , H04L12/1881 , H04L51/00 , H04L51/04 , H04L63/0428 , H04L63/123 , H04W72/005 , H04W72/1289
摘要： Serialized data from broadcast services is provided to a broadcast server for transmitting to one or more client devices. The serialized data may correspond to shared data, private data, or control data. Data is scheduled for transmission based on weighted priorities including quality of service metrics. The transmission frame is arranged according to a frame protocol that includes provisions for a table of contents indexing system for the shared data. Packets of shared data are formatted based on criteria that is known by the particular broadcast service and corresponding application that is resident on the client device. The client device receives the table of contents at the transport layer, and notifies applications of data that will be available in the next frame. Applications submit prioritized requests to the transport layer, requesting data in the next frame. Data is retrieved by the transport layer, and deserialized by handlers for each application.
摘要翻译：来自广播服务的序列化数据被提供给广播服务器以发送到一个或多个客户端设备。序列化数据可对应于共享数据，专用数据或控制数据。基于加权优先级计划数据传输，包括服务质量度量。传输帧根据包括用于共享数据的目录索引系统的规定的帧协议进行布置。基于由特定广播服务所知的标准和驻留在客户端设备上的对应应用程序来格式化共享数据包。客户端设备在传输层接收目录，并通知应用程序在下一帧中可用的数据。应用程序将优先级请求提交给传输层，在下一帧中请求数据。数据由传输层检索，并由处理程序对每个应用进行反序列化。

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