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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Protective interlayer for high temperature solid electrolyte
electrochemical cells
    • 高温固体电解质电化学电池保护层
    • US5516597A
    • 1996-05-14
    • US334990
    • 1994-11-07
    • Prabhakar SinghTheodore R. VasilowVon L. Richards
    • Prabhakar SinghTheodore R. VasilowVon L. Richards
    • H01M8/02H01M8/12
    • H01M8/0215H01M2008/1293H01M2300/0074H01M8/0217Y02P70/56
    • The invention comprises of an electrically conducting doped or admixed cerium oxide composition with niobium oxide and/or tantalum oxide for electrochemical devices, characterized by the general formula:Nb.sub.x Ta.sub.y Ce.sub.1-x-y O.sub.2where x is about 0.0 to 0.05, y is about 0.0 to 0.05, and x+y is about 0.02 to 0.05, and where x is preferably about 0.02 to 0.05 and y is 0, and a method of making the same. This novel composition is particularly applicable in forming a protective interlayer of a high temperature, solid electrolyte electrochemical cell (10), characterized by a first electrode (12); an electrically conductive interlayer (14) of niobium and/or tantalum doped cerium oxide deposited over at least a first portion (R) of the first electrode; an interconnect (16) deposited over the interlayer; a solid electrolyte (18) deposited over a second portion of the first electrode, the first portion being discontinuous from the second portion; and, a second electrode (20) deposited over the solid electrolyte. The interlayer (14) is characterized as being porous and selected from the group consisting of niobium doped cerium oxide, tantalum doped cerium oxide, and niobium and tantalum doped cerium oxide or admixtures of the same. The first electrode (12), an air electrode, is a porous layer of doped lanthanum manganite, the solid electrolyte layer (18) is a dense yttria stabilized zirconium oxide, the interconnect layer (16) is a dense, doped lanthanum chromite, and the second electrode (20), a fuel electrode, is a porous layer of nickel-zirconium oxide cermet. The electrochemical cell (10) can take on a plurality of shapes such as annular, planar, etc. and can be connected to a plurality of electrochemical cells in series and/or in parallel to generate electrical energy.
    • 本发明包括具有氧化铌和/或氧化钽用于电化学装置的导电掺杂或混合的氧化铈组合物,其特征在于以下通式:Nb x T a C e 1-x-y O 2,其中x为约0.0至0.05,y为约0.0至0.05 ,x + y为约0.02〜0.05,其中x优选为约0.02〜0.05,y为0,其制造方法。 该新型组合物特别适用于形成高温固体电解质电化学电池(10)的保护性中间层,其特征在于第一电极(12)。 在第一电极的至少第一部分(R)上沉积的铌和/或钽掺杂的氧化铈的导电中间层(14); 沉积在中间层上的互连(16); 沉积在所述第一电极的第二部分上的固体电解质(18),所述第一部分与所述第二部分不连续; 和沉积在固体电解质上的第二电极(20)。 中间层(14)的特征在于是多孔的,并且选自铌掺杂的氧化铈,掺杂钽的氧化铈,以及铌和钽掺杂的氧化铈或其掺杂物。 第一电极(12)是空气电极,是掺杂的亚锰酸镧的多孔层,固体电解质层(18)是致密的氧化钇稳定的氧化锆,互连层(16)是致密掺杂的亚铬酸镧, 第二电极(20)是燃料电极,是镍 - 锆氧化物金属陶瓷的多孔层。 电化学电池(10)可以承受多个形状,例如环形,平面等,并且可以串联和/或并联连接到多个电化学电池以产生电能。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Fuel cell powered propulsion system
    • 燃料电池动力推进系统
    • US5678647A
    • 1997-10-21
    • US301806
    • 1994-09-07
    • William R. WolfeOwen S. TaylorTheodore R. VasilowArthur L. WolfeJoseph F. PierreJohn W. Wiss
    • William R. WolfeOwen S. TaylorTheodore R. VasilowArthur L. WolfeJoseph F. PierreJohn W. Wiss
    • H01M8/00B60L11/18H01M8/04H01M8/12H02K31/00H01M8/10
    • H01M8/04111B60L11/1881H01M8/04014H01M8/04388H01M8/04395H01M8/04544H01M8/04574H01M8/04753H01M8/04895H01M8/04992B60L2200/26H01M2008/1293H01M2250/20H01M2250/402H01M2300/0074H01M8/04089H01M8/04559H01M8/04589H02K31/00Y02B90/12Y02E60/525Y02T10/641Y02T90/32Y02T90/34
    • An apparatus for directly powering a unipolar electric motor with direct current (DC) power includes a control mechanism, and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) having a fuel input and an oxidizer input. The control mechanism may control the fuel input and the oxidizer input. The fuel input may utilize a hydrocarbon fuel or, alternatively, an arbitrary mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The electric motor may have a field excitation current and the control mechanism may further control the field excitation current. Alternatively, an apparatus may power a vehicle, such as a ship or automobile, and may include an electric motor for powering the vehicle, a fuel cell for providing fuel cell power, a turbine-generator for providing turbine-generator power, and a control mechanism. The electric motor may include a motor power input. The fuel cell may include a fuel input, a fuel cell oxidizer input, a thermal exhaust output, and a fuel cell power output. The turbine-generator may include a compressor for pressurizing oxidizer, a generator for producing a generator power output, and a turbine for driving the compressor and the generator. The generator power output may supplement the fuel cell power output in order to produce power for the motor power input. The turbine may have a thermal exhaust input interconnected with the thermal exhaust output of the fuel cell. The compressor may have a compressor oxidizer input and an oxidizer output interconnected with the fuel cell oxidizer input. The control mechanism may control the fuel input, the compressor oxidizer input or the field excitation current.
    • 用于直流(DC)电力的单极电动机直接供电的装置包括控制机构和具有燃料输入和氧化剂输入的固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)。 控制机构可以控制燃料输入和氧化剂输入。 燃料输入可以利用烃燃料或者氢或一氧化碳的任意混合物。 电动机可以具有励磁电流,并且控制机构可以进一步控制励磁电流。 或者,设备可以对诸如船舶或汽车的车辆供电,并且可以包括用于为车辆供电的电动机,用于提供燃料电池功率的燃料电池,用于提供涡轮发电机功率的涡轮发电机和控制 机制。 电动机可以包括电动机功率输入。 燃料电池可以包括燃料输入,燃料电池氧化剂输入,热排气输出和燃料电池功率输出。 涡轮发电机可以包括用于对氧化剂加压的压缩机,用于产生发电机功率输出的发电机和用于驱动压缩机和发电机的涡轮机。 发电机功率输出可以补充燃料电池的功率输出,以产生用于电动机功率输入的功率。 涡轮机可以具有与燃料电池的热排气输出互连的热排放输入。 压缩机可以具有与燃料电池氧化器输入互连的压缩机氧化器输入和氧化器输出。 控制机构可以控制燃料输入,压缩机氧化器输入或场励磁电流。