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1. 发明授权

US4844656A Earth pressure shield 失效
标题翻译：地压屏蔽
公开(公告)号：US4844656A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-04
申请号：US175191
申请日：1988-03-30
申请人： Siegmund Babendererde , Otto Braach
发明人： Siegmund Babendererde , Otto Braach
IPC分类号： E21D9/06 , E21D9/08 , E21D9/087 , E21D9/12
CPC分类号： E21D9/087
摘要： The earth pressure shield contains a front working compartment having a digging tool and formed by a separating wall. An annular space is formed in the front working compartment with a top region connected with a regulated pressurized air feed and with a bottom region open to the digging tool so that dug or mined earth material is removable with the help of a conveyor unit. At least one fluid pipe is guided from a fluid chamber with a level controller and a fluid feeder to a fluid outlet open to the digging or mining tool in the working compartment. An especially reliable operation is attained when a bulkhead space is provided by partitioning behind the working compartment and/or the circular space formed with an immersed wall. This bulkhead space is connected in its upper region with the top region of the annular space by an opening in the separating wall and includes the fluid chamber in its lower region.
摘要翻译：土压力屏蔽包括具有挖掘工具并由分隔壁形成的前工作室。在前工作室中形成有环形空间，其顶部区域与调节加压空气进料连接，并且底部区域与挖掘工具相通，使得挖掘或开采的泥土材料借助于输送单元可移除。至少一个流体管道由具有液位控制器和流体供给器的流体室引导到与工作室中的挖掘或挖掘工具相通的流体出口。当通过在工作室后面分隔和/或形成有浸入壁的圆形空间来提供隔板空间时，可以获得特别可靠的操作。该隔壁空间通过分隔壁中的开口在其上部区域与环形空间的顶部区域连接，并且在其下部区域中包括流体室。

2. 发明授权

US4687374A Method of and apparatus for concrete tunnel lining 失效
标题翻译：混凝土隧道衬砌方法及设备
公开(公告)号：US4687374A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-18
申请号：US839791
申请日：1986-03-13
申请人： Siegmund Babendererde , Bernd Hillemeier , Otto Braach
发明人： Siegmund Babendererde , Bernd Hillemeier , Otto Braach
IPC分类号： E04G21/06 , E21D11/10 , H05B3/60 , E21D9/06
CPC分类号： H05B3/60 , C04B28/02 , E04G21/06 , E21D11/10 , E21D11/105 , C04B2111/00724 , C04B2111/70
摘要： An apparatus for making a tunnel lining from concrete in a single operation with a tunnel excavator comprises a tunnel lining form consisting of a plurality of tunnel lining form segments and a form front adjacent the tunnel excavator and a tunnel lining circular space between the form and the ground. In order to heat the concrete as it is pumped into the tunnel lining circular space to accelerate hardening, transmitting antennae for electromagnetic radiation are mounted in the tunnel lining form segments and/or the feed pipes for the concrete. Similarly a process for making a tunnel lining from concrete comprises pumping concrete into the tunnel lining circular space and accelerating the hardening of the concrete by heating it with electromagnetic radiation. The tunnel form is rapidly repositioned after the concrete being hardened reaches a sufficient strength.
摘要翻译：一种隧道式挖掘机在一次操作中从混凝土制造隧道衬砌的装置包括：隧道衬砌形式，包括多个隧道衬砌形式段和毗邻隧道挖掘机的形式前部，以及隧道衬砌形式与地面。为了加热混凝土，因为它被泵送到隧道衬里圆形空间中以加速硬化，用于电磁辐射的发射天线安装在隧道衬里形式段和/或混凝土的进料管中。类似地，用于从混凝土制造隧道衬砌的方法包括将混凝土泵送到隧道衬砌的圆形空间中，并通过用电磁辐射加热来加速混凝土的硬化。隧道形式在混凝土硬化达到足够的强度后迅速重新定位。

3. 发明授权

US4848963A Earth pressure shield 失效
标题翻译：地压屏蔽
公开(公告)号：US4848963A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-18
申请号：US157848
申请日：1988-02-18
申请人： Siegmund Babendererde , Hans-Jurgen Flunker , Gert Wittneben , Otto Braach
发明人： Siegmund Babendererde , Hans-Jurgen Flunker , Gert Wittneben , Otto Braach
IPC分类号： E21D9/08 , E21D9/087
CPC分类号： E21D9/087
摘要： The earth pressure shield for a tunnel and/or gallery excavator has a front working compartment formed by a separating wall having a digging tool and an annular reinforcing space substantially triangular in cross section positioned directly in front of the separating wall. So that an extensive restructuring of the machine is not necessary when moving from soft earth to hard ground, the annular reinforcing space is provided with a lower fluid feeder, a controlled upper pressurized air feeder, a plurality of fluid conductor pipes which are guided from below to an upper fluid outlet opening into the working compartment, and a fluid level controller. The invention is based on the consideration that a reliable and satisfactory support of the local front wall is only possible when the local front wall in the vicinity of the roof can be supplied with a fluid.
摘要翻译：用于隧道和/或廊道挖掘机的地面压力屏蔽具有由具有挖掘工具的分隔壁和直接位于分隔壁前方的横截面基本上三角形的环形加强空间形成的前工作室。因此，从软土地到硬地面移动时，机器不需要进行大范围的重组，环形加强空间设置有下流体供给器，受控上加压空气供给器，从下方引导的多个流体导管到进入工作室的上流体出口，以及液位控制器。本发明基于这样的考虑，即当屋顶附近的局部前壁可以被供应流体时，本地前壁的可靠和令人满意的支撑是可能的。

4. 发明授权

US4789267A Method of and apparatus for concrete tunnel lining 失效
标题翻译：混凝土隧道衬砌方法及设备
公开(公告)号：US4789267A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-06
申请号：US17189
申请日：1987-02-19
申请人： Siegmund Babendererde , Bernd Hillemeier , Otto Braach
发明人： Siegmund Babendererde , Bernd Hillemeier , Otto Braach
IPC分类号： E04G21/06 , E21D11/10 , H05B3/60 , E21D9/06
CPC分类号： H05B3/60 , E04G21/06 , E21D11/10 , E21D11/105
摘要： An apparatus for making a tunnel lining from concrete in a single operation with a tunnel excavator comprises a tunnel lining form consisting of a plurality of tunnel lining form segments and a form front adjacent the tunnel excavator and a tunnel lining circular space between the form and the ground. The concrete is selected so that it remains workable for more than two hours at a temperature of about 20.degree. C. but sets to a nonworkable state after 10 to 30 minutes upon heating to a temperature in the range of substantially 40.degree. C. to substantially 70.degree. C. The concrete is heated in a pipe section proximal to the compartment into which it is introduced by direct introduction of electrical energy into the pipe section.
摘要翻译：一种隧道式挖掘机在一次操作中从混凝土制造隧道衬砌的装置包括：隧道衬砌形式，包括多个隧道衬砌形式段和毗邻隧道挖掘机的形式前部，以及隧道衬砌形式与地面。选择混凝土，使得其在约20℃的温度下仍然可工作两个多小时，但在加热至基本上为40℃至基本上为40℃的温度下10至30分钟后将其设定为不可操作的状态 70℃。通过将电能直接引入管段，将混凝土在靠近其引入的隔室的管段中加热。

5. 发明授权

US4820458A Process for continuously lining a tunnel with extruded concrete 失效
标题翻译：用挤压混凝土连续衬砌隧道的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4820458A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US882274
申请日：1986-07-07
申请人： Siegmund Babendererde , Gunnar Lah , Otto Braach
发明人： Siegmund Babendererde , Gunnar Lah , Otto Braach
IPC分类号： E21D9/06 , E21D11/10 , B28B1/14
CPC分类号： E21D11/102
摘要： A tunnel having an inner surface and extending along an axis is lined with pumpable concrete having a predetermined hardening time and by a form having an annular inner wall and an axially movable front wall. Substantially equal sized batches of pumpable concrete are successively injected into the space through the movable front wall through a plurality of angularly equispaced ports therein. The batches are injected axially backwardly through the ports at such a rate that succeeding batches are injected through each port at a time interval that is substantially smaller than the concrete hardening time. The front wall is displaced forward at such a rate and the batches are sized such that each batch spreads over a predetermined axial and a predetermined angular distance, such that the latter is greater than the former.
摘要翻译：具有内表面并且沿着轴线延伸的隧道衬有具有预定硬化时间的可泵送混凝土和通过具有环形内壁和可轴向移动的前壁的形式。基本相同尺寸的可泵送混凝土的批次通过可移动的前壁通过其中的多个角度等距的端口被连续地注入到空间中。这些批次通过端口轴向向后注入，其速率使得后续批次以比混凝土硬化时间基本上小的时间间隔通过每个端口注入。前壁以这样的速率向前移动，并且批次的尺寸使得每个批次扩展预定的轴向和预定的角距离，使得后者大于前者。

6. 发明授权

US4768898A Process and apparatus for continuously lining a tunnel with extruded concrete 失效
标题翻译：用挤压混凝土连续衬砌隧道的工艺和设备
公开(公告)号：US4768898A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-06
申请号：US61864
申请日：1987-06-11
申请人： Siegmund Babendererde , Gunnar Lah , Otto Braach
发明人： Siegmund Babendererde , Gunnar Lah , Otto Braach
IPC分类号： E21D9/06 , E21D11/10
CPC分类号： E21D11/102
摘要： For continuously lining a tunnel with extruded concrete a pumping device for feeding the concrete and a form having an interior form member and a forwardly movable form front are employed. The extruded concrete is put into place without clump formation, when it is provided in equal-sized segments in a plurality of equal constant amounts which are fed in succession one after the other circumferentially in a time interval which is small compared to the hardening time of the concrete. For this purpose the form front is provided with a plurality of concrete input ports uniformly distributed circumferentially and connected with the pumping device, while the pumping device is designed to service the concrete input ports in succession one after the other circumferentially.
摘要翻译：为了连续地用挤压混凝土衬砌隧道，采用用于供给混凝土的抽水装置和具有内部形式构件和可向前移动的前部的形式。将挤出的混凝土放置在没有团块形成的情况下，当其以相同大小的段提供多个相等的量时，它们以相对于具体。为此目的，形状前部设有多个混合物输入端口，其均匀地分布在周向上并且与泵送装置连接，同时泵送装置被设计成一个接一个地在周向上依次维修混凝土输入端口。

7. 发明授权

US4436448A Excavating machine for tunnels and galleries 失效
标题翻译：挖掘机用于隧道和画廊
公开(公告)号：US4436448A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-13
申请号：US220462
申请日：1980-12-29
申请人： Wolf Magnus , Otto Braach , Dirk Fischer , Werner Wippig
发明人： Wolf Magnus , Otto Braach , Dirk Fischer , Werner Wippig
IPC分类号： E21D9/06
CPC分类号： E21D9/06
摘要： A tunnel excavating machine for generating tunnels and galleries in subterranean structures, comprises in addition to the excavating head, a shield which travels with the head and advances along the excavation and lines the tunnels wall at least temporarily. According to the invention, the shield is formed by at least two shield sections which are preferably cylindrical and can be axially spaced apart while being bridged by a seal for the gap between them. The two shield sections are connected by a plurality of angularly equispaced piston-and-cylinder arrangements preferably of the double-acting type to allow angular offsetting of the axes of the two shield sections.
摘要翻译：一种用于在地下结构中生成隧道和廊道的隧道掘进机，除了挖掘头之外，还包括与头部一起行进并沿着挖掘前进并且至少暂时排放隧道壁的盾构件。根据本发明，屏蔽件由至少两个屏蔽部分形成，这些屏蔽部分优选是圆柱形的并且可以轴向间隔开，同时通过用于它们之间的间隙的密封件桥接。两个屏蔽部分通过多个角度均匀的活塞和汽缸装置连接，优选地是双作用类型，以允许两个屏蔽部分的轴线的角度偏移。

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