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    • 10. 发明授权
    • Process for functionalizing alkanes
    • 官能化烷烃的方法
    • US4746760A
    • 1988-05-24
    • US703640
    • 1985-02-21
    • Robert G. BergmanAndrew H. JanowiczRoy A. Periana
    • Robert G. BergmanAndrew H. JanowiczRoy A. Periana
    • C07C17/00C07F15/00B01J19/12
    • C07F15/0073C07C17/00
    • Process for functionalizing saturated hydrocarbons comprising:(a) reacting said saturated hydrocarbons of the formula:R.sub.1 H wherein H represents a hydrogen atom; and R.sub.1 represents a saturated hydrocarbon radical, with a metal complex of the formula:CpRh[P(R.sub.2).sub.3 ]H.sub.2 whereinCp represents a cyclopentadienyl or alkylcyclopentadienyl radical;Rh represents a rhodium atom;P represents a phosphorus atom;R.sub.2 represents a hydrocarbon radical;H represents a hydrogen atom, in the presence of ultraviolet radiation to form a hydridoalkyl complex of the formula:CpRh[P(R.sub.2).sub.3 ](R.sub.1)H(b) reacting said hydridoalkyl complex with an organic halogenating agent such as a tetrahalomethane or a haloform of the formulas:CX'X''X'''X'''' or CHX'X''X''' wherein X', X'', X'", X"" represent halogens selected from bromine, iodine or chlorine atom, at a temperature in the range of about -60.degree. to -17.degree. C. to form the corresponding haloalkyl complex of step (a) having the formula:CpRhPMe.sub.3 RX; and,(c) reacting said haloalkyl complex formed in (b) with halogen (X.sub.2) at a temperature in the range of about -60.degree. to 25.degree. C. (i.e., ambient) to form a functional haloalkyl compound.
    • 使饱和烃官能化的方法包括:(a)使所述式R 1 H的饱和烃反应其中H代表氢原子; 并且R1表示饱和烃基,其具有下式的金属络合物:CpRh [P(R2)3] H2,其中Cp表示环戊二烯基或烷基环戊二烯基; Rh表示铑原子; P表示磷原子; R2表示烃基; H表示氢原子,在紫外线辐射下形成下式的氢化烷基络合物:CpRh [P(R2)3](R1)H(b)使所述氢化烷基络合物与有机卤化剂如四卤代甲烷或 其中X',X“,X”',X“”代表卤素的卤代基,如下式所示:CX'X'X“'X”'或CHX'X''X“ 在约-60℃至-17℃的温度范围内选自溴,碘或氯原子,形成具有下式的步骤(a)的相应的卤代烷基络合物:CpRhPMe3RX; 和(c)使(b)中形成的卤代烷基络合物与卤素(X2)在约-60°至25℃(即环境温度)的温度下反应,形成官能的卤代烷基化合物。