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1. 发明授权

US4694782A Process and apparatus for producing high-pressure and superheated steam 失效
标题翻译：用于生产高压和过热蒸汽的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US4694782A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US811497
申请日：1985-12-20
申请人： Ulrich Premel , Rolf Dorling , Manfred Schultze
发明人： Ulrich Premel , Rolf Dorling , Manfred Schultze
IPC分类号： F22B1/18 , F22D1/00
CPC分类号： F22B1/1846
摘要： With a process for producing high-pressure superheated steam via hot reaction gases of a gas generator, in which coal or carbon containing materials are gasified, the production of the high-pressure superheated steam is effected in the gas generator and in a waste heat system. The gas generator preferably is provided with at least two integrated vaporizers, especially a radiation vaporizer and a radiation vaporizer and a radiation superheater.
摘要翻译：通过气体发生器的热反应气体生产高压过热蒸汽的方法，其中含有煤或碳的材料气化，在气体发生器和废热系统中实现高压过热蒸汽的生产。气体发生器优选地设置有至少两个集成的蒸发器，特别是辐射蒸发器和辐射蒸发器和辐射过热器。

2. 发明授权

US4478608A Method of treating process gases coming from a gasification reactor 失效
标题翻译：处理来自气化反应器的工艺气体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4478608A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-23
申请号：US417871
申请日：1982-09-14
申请人： Rolf Dorling , Ulrich Premel
发明人： Rolf Dorling , Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： B01D51/10 , B01D50/00 , B01D51/00 , C10J3/86 , C10K1/02 , C10K1/04 , C10J3/84
CPC分类号： C10J3/86 , C10K1/02 , C10K1/026 , C10J2300/1884 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A method of treating process gases coming from a gasification reactor before entry of such process gases into a system of waste heat utilization. The process gases are cooled off to a temperature of at least 800.degree. C. before entry thereof into the waste heat system. Thereafter, the gases are extensively freed of solid matter in a cyclone separator system located ahead of the convective cooling system, and thereafter the gases are cooled off further to a temperature of at least 250.degree. C. in a convective cooling system.
摘要翻译：在将这些工艺气体进入废热利用系统之前，处理来自气化反应器的处理气体的方法。在进入废热系统之前，将工艺气体冷却至至少800℃的温度。此后，气体在位于对流冷却系统之前的旋风分离器系统中被广泛地除去固体物质，之后在对流冷却系统中将气体进一步冷却至至少250℃的温度。

3. 发明授权

US4478606A Substantially vertical apparatus for cooling process gases originating from a gasification process 失效
标题翻译：用于冷却来自气化过程的气体的基本垂直的装置
公开(公告)号：US4478606A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-23
申请号：US417872
申请日：1982-09-14
申请人： Rolf Dorling , Ulrich Premel
发明人： Rolf Dorling , Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： B04C5/20 , B04C7/00 , B04C9/00 , C10J3/84 , C10K1/04 , F22B1/18 , F28D7/02 , C10J3/86
CPC分类号： F28D7/024 , B04C5/20 , B04C7/00 , B04C9/00 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C10J3/86 , C10K1/04 , F22B1/1846 , C10J2300/1884
摘要： A substantially vertical apparatus for cooling process gases originating from a gasification process, along with simultaneous separation of solid matter contained in the process gases. The apparatus is a cylindrical container including several cylindrical container parts. A gas inlet is provided in the lower region of the container shell or mantle and substantially tangential thereto. The gas inlet opens into a cyclone. Cooling surfaces are provided above the cyclone, with those directly above the cyclone being embodied as platen heat transfer surfaces, and those further above being embodied as cylindrical heat transfer surfaces. The cylindrical heat transfer surfaces are suspended in the container via support elements in the manner of an immersion heater. The support elements, in conjunction with a tube and a regulating device arranged at the process gas outlet, regulate the volume or quantity of the process gases flowing or circulating around the upper cylindrical heat transfer surface. Aside from the platen heat transfer surface and the cylindrical heat transfer surfaces, container wall cooling surfaces are provided as vertical heat transfer surfaces having a tube-crosspiece-tube construction, the container wall cooling surfaces being centered with respect to the outer wall of the container via a packing mass. Beating or striking devices for cleaning the heat transfer surfaces are associated with each heat transfer surface system, each of the latter being respectively associated with a cylindrical container part.
摘要翻译：用于冷却来自气化过程的工艺气体的基本垂直的装置，以及同时分离包含在工艺气体中的固体物质。该装置是包括几个圆柱形容器部件的圆柱形容器。气体入口设置在容器壳体或套管的下部区域中并且基本上与其相切。气体入口进入旋风分离器。冷却表面设置在旋风分离器的上方，旋风分离器正上方的那些表面被实施为压板传热表面，并且进一步被体现为圆柱形传热表面。圆柱形传热表面以浸入式加热器的方式通过支撑元件悬挂在容器中。支撑元件与布置在处理气体出口处的管和调节装置结合，调节在上部圆柱形传热表面周围流动或循环的工艺气体的体积或数量。除了压板传热表面和圆柱形传热表面之外，容器壁冷却表面设置有具有管横档管结构的垂直传热表面，容器壁冷却表面相对于容器的外壁居中通过包装块。用于清洁传热表面的打击或打击装置与每个传热表面系统相关联，每个传热表面系统分别与圆柱形容器部件相关联。

4. 发明授权

US4457764A Two-stage gasifier 失效
标题翻译：两级气化炉
公开(公告)号：US4457764A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-03
申请号：US469789
申请日：1983-02-09
申请人： Rolf Dorling , Ulrich Premel
发明人： Rolf Dorling , Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： C10J3/46 , C10J3/48 , B01J3/00 , C10J3/20 , C10J3/76
CPC分类号： C10J3/485 , C10J3/526 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/845 , C10J3/86 , Y10S48/02
摘要： A flue-stream reactor for gasifying fossil fuels which contain ballast. The reactor comprises two cylindrical, cooled, and insulated reaction chambers which are disposed one after the other in the axial direction. The first reaction chamber is provided with an axial inlet for accommodating a gasification burner. The second reaction chamber is provided with an opening for the addition of gasification material. A cooled, coaxial channel provides communication between the two reaction chambers. The reactor further includes a radial discharge and a device for removing liquid and solid ash and slag. As viewed in the axial direction of flow, the first reaction chamber includes a cooled deflection hood ahead of the inlet of the connecting channel, thereafter a cooled, annular, trough-like device which is intended for collecting liquid ash and slag, is disposed on the wall of the chamber, and is provided with a discharge, and thereunder a water bath which is disposed between the connecting channel and the wall of the chamber; the second reaction chamber is provided ahead of the outlet with a cooled deflection hood which is furthermore disposed above the funnel-shaped discharge for the solid ash and slag.
摘要翻译：用于气化含有镇流器的化石燃料的烟道反应器。反应器包括沿轴向方向一个接一个地设置的两个圆柱形，冷却和绝缘的反应室。第一反应室设置有用于容纳气化燃烧器的轴向入口。第二反应室设置有用于添加气化材料的开口。冷却的同轴通道提供两个反应室之间的连通。反应器还包括径向排放物和用于除去液体和固体灰分和渣的装置。从轴流方向观察，第一反应室包括在连接通道的入口之前的冷却的偏转罩，其后用于收集液体灰分和渣的冷却的，环形的槽状装置设置在并且设置有排出口，并且设置在连接通道和室壁之间的水浴; 第二反应室在出口前方设置有冷却的偏转罩，其还设置在用于固体灰分和渣的漏斗形排放物的上方。

5. 发明授权

US4564067A Waste-heat tank 失效
标题翻译：废热箱
公开(公告)号：US4564067A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-14
申请号：US468895
申请日：1983-02-23
申请人： Ulrich Premel
发明人： Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： F22B1/18 , F22B9/00 , F28D7/10
CPC分类号： F22B1/1884 , F22B9/00 , Y10S165/414
摘要： A waste-heat tank which is constructed as a pressure tank, is charged with coolant, and is connected after a pressure gasification. The waste-heat tank has a cooled feed device or tubular-fin-tubular construction which includes an ash container. The waste-heat tank also has a gas/liquid heat exchanger which includes equally long tubular elements which serve as heat transfer surfaces and are integrated into tubular or planar wall units. Each element of the tubular elements is formed of a tube having an axis which is located extending generally parallel to the container axis of the waste-heat tank. Each element itself is guided in a winding manner. Each tube opens via a feed tube into the finger-like end portion of the feed device. The finger-like end portion is coated with refractory material. Each tube is arranged in an individual tubular or channel-like chamber about a polygonal, preferably hexagonal, tubular or channel-like inner space arrangement.
摘要翻译：作为压力罐构成的废热箱，装有冷却剂，在加压气化后连接。废热罐具有冷却的进料装置或管状翅片管状结构，其包括灰分容器。废热罐还具有气体/液体热交换器，其包括用作传热表面的同样长的管状元件并且被集成到管状或平面壁单元中。管状元件的每个元件由具有大致平行于废热箱的容器轴线延伸的轴线的管形成。每个元件本身都以绕线的方式引导。每个管通过进料管打开进入装置的手指状端部。手指状端部涂有耐火材料。每个管布置在单独的管状或通道状室中，围绕多边形，优选六边形，管状或通道状内部空间布置。

6. 发明授权

US4803957A Gas/liquid heat exchanger 失效
标题翻译：气/液换热器
公开(公告)号：US4803957A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US169299
申请日：1988-03-17
申请人： Ulrich Premel
发明人： Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： F28D7/02 , F22D1/00
CPC分类号： F28D7/024
摘要： A gas/liquid heat exchanger. Process gases leaving the heat-transfer elements of a heat-transfer-surface unit are guided through the displacement body that is associated with that unit. Feed water is introduced into the displacement body at the lower end thereof. After countercurrent heat-exchange flow relative to the process gas, the feed water is withdrawn from the upper end of the displacement body, and is introduced into a zone of downwardly flowing water.
摘要翻译：气体/液体热交换器。离开热传递表面单元的传热元件的工艺气体被引导通过与该单元相关联的位移体。给水在其下端被引入位移体。在相对于处理气体逆流热交换流动之后，进料水从位移体的上端排出，并被引入到向下流动的水的区域中。

7. 发明授权

US4721065A Process and apparatus for cooling hot process gas from a pressure gasification reactor 失效
标题翻译：用于冷却来自压力气化反应器的热处理气体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4721065A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-26
申请号：US9411
申请日：1987-01-30
申请人： Horst Mohrenstecher , Ulrich Premel
发明人： Horst Mohrenstecher , Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： F22B1/18 , F28D7/00 , F22D1/00
CPC分类号： F22B1/1884 , F28D7/0066
摘要： In a process for cooling hot process gases from a pressure gasification reactor the hot process gas is passed through a heat exchange with water to produce saturated steam and then in countercurrent heat exchange with said saturated steam to generate superheated steam, production of saturated steam and superheated steam are performed in a single pressure vessel. Correspondingly the two necessary heating surfaces packages are arranged in an upright pressure vessel one above the other.
摘要翻译：在用于冷却来自压力气化反应器的热处理气体的过程中，使热处理气体与水进行热交换以产生饱和蒸汽，然后与所述饱和蒸汽逆流热交换以产生过热蒸汽，产生饱和蒸汽和过热蒸汽在单个压力容器中进行。相应地，两个必要的加热表面包装件一个在另一个上方布置在直立的压力容器中。

8. 发明授权

US4463686A Apparatus for removal of ash and slag 失效
标题翻译：灰渣除渣装置
公开(公告)号：US4463686A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-07
申请号：US539328
申请日：1983-10-05
申请人： Ulrich Premel
发明人： Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： C10J3/46 , C10J3/52 , F23J1/00
CPC分类号： C10J3/52 , C10J3/526 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/36 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/1246
摘要： An apparatus for dry removal of hot residues resulting from a gasification of coal or carbon-containing solid materials in the lower region or a shaft-like fluid flow gasification reactor which is operated under pressure in downward flow. A wall-heating surface, having upward flow therethrough and having a tube-fin-tube construction, is disposed parallel to and on the inner side of the insulation of the pressure tank wall. This wall-heating surface tapers in the manner of a funnel from a large cylindrical diameter to a small cylindrical diameter. The wall-heating surface has a constricted throat, and thereafter passes over from the cylindrical cross section to the cross section of a four-cornered chamber. Inlet openings are located directly ahead of and at the narrowest point of the constricted throat for cold, clean product gas which is used as fluidizing and cooling gas. A size-reducing and conveying device in the form of two cooled crushing rings which operate in opposite directions is disposed after the constricted throat. Convection heating surfaces provided with small tube intervals are tied into the cooling medium circulation for the wall-heating surface. A shutoff or charging system is disposed directly below the entry region or the cooled wall-heating surface.
摘要翻译：用于干燥除去下部区域中的煤或含碳固体材料气化产生的热残余物的装置或在向下流动下在压力下操作的轴状流体流化气化反应器。具有向上流动并具有管翅管构造的壁加热表面平行于压力罐壁的绝缘体的内侧设置。该壁加热表面以漏斗的方式从大的圆柱直径缩小到小的圆柱直径。壁加热表面具有收缩的喉部，然后从圆柱形横截面越过四角室的横截面。入口开口直接位于收缩喉管的最狭窄处，用于冷却，清洁的产品气体，用作流化和冷却气体。两个冷却破碎环形式的尺寸减小和输送装置在相反的方向上工作，在收缩的喉管之后设置。具有小管间隔的对流加热面被连接到用于壁加热表面的冷却介质循环中。关闭或充电系统直接设置在入口区域或冷却壁加热面下方。

9. 发明授权

US5038856A Arrangement for the protection of tube sections of platen-like heat-transfer surfaces disposed in a gas conduit against wear by gases laden with solid particles 失效
标题翻译：用于保护设置在气体导管中的压板状传热表面的管段的保护装置，以抵抗载有固体颗粒的气体的磨损
公开(公告)号：US5038856A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-13
申请号：US447220
申请日：1989-12-07
申请人： Gunter Keintzel , Ulrich Premel
发明人： Gunter Keintzel , Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： F16L57/00 , F22B1/18 , F22B37/10 , F22B37/14 , F28F19/00
CPC分类号： F16L57/00 , F22B1/1876 , F22B37/107 , F22B37/143 , F28F19/00 , Y10S165/92
摘要： An arrangement for the protection of tube sections of platen-like heat-transfer surfaces disposed in a gas conduit against wear by gases laden with solid particles. A wear-protection element can be withdrawn from the gas conduit, in the direction of the lengthwise direction thereof, without the need to first loosen a fixed connection to the tube sections that are to be protected. The wear-protection element can be in the form of a rotatable deflector that protects the rounded end portions of tubes, or can be in the form of a solid section that protects linear tube sections.
摘要翻译：用于保护设置在气体导管中的台板状传热表面的管段的保护装置，以抵抗载有固体颗粒的气体的磨损。磨损保护元件可以沿着其长度方向从气体管道中取出，而不需要首先松开与待保护的管部分的固定连接。磨损保护元件可以是保护管的圆形端部的可旋转偏转器的形式，或者可以是保护线性管部分的实心部分的形式。

10. 发明授权

US4841917A Radiation cooling unit for cooling dust-laden gases 失效
标题翻译：用于冷却含尘气体的辐射冷却单元
公开(公告)号：US4841917A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US226125
申请日：1988-07-29
申请人： Ulrich Premel
发明人： Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： C10J3/86 , F28G7/00
CPC分类号： C10J3/86 , F28G7/00 , C10J2300/1603
摘要： A radiation cooling unit for cooling dust-laden gas. At least one cylindrical radiation heat transfer surface is disposed in a tank adjacent to, and extending essentially along the length of, an inner wall of the tank. First knock-or impact-beating devices disposed externally of the tank act upon the cylindrical heat transfer surface through the wall of the tank. A plurality of essentially radially and axially extending, partition-like radiation heat transfer surfaces are disposed within a free space in the tank, and each comprise axially extending tubes and at least one header. Second knock- or impact-beating devices are disposed externally of the tank, extend through the cylindrical heat transfer surface, and act upon radially outwardly disposed edges of the partition-like heat transfer surfaces, with the length-to-width ratio of the latter being such that they are adapted to be accelerated and cleaned by the second knock- or impact-beating devices. The partition-like radiation heat transfer surfaces are preferably radially distributed about the periphery of the cooling unit.
摘要翻译：用于冷却含尘气体的辐射冷却单元。至少一个圆柱形辐射传热表面设置在与罐的内壁相邻并且基本沿长度方向延伸的罐的槽中。设置在罐外部的第一敲击或冲击击打装置通过罐的壁作用在圆柱形传热表面上。多个基本上径向和轴向延伸的分隔状辐射热传递表面设置在罐的自由空间内，并且每个包括轴向延伸的管和至少一个集管。第二敲击或冲击打击装置设置在罐的外部，延伸穿过圆柱形传热表面，并且作用在分隔式传热表面的径向向外设置的边缘上，其中后者的长宽比使得它们适于被第二敲击或冲击打击装置加速和清洁。隔板状辐射传热表面优选围绕冷却单元的周边径向分布。

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