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1. 发明授权

US5191901A Controlled discharge defibrillation electrode 失效
标题翻译：控制放电除颤电极
公开(公告)号：US5191901A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-09
申请号：US751533
申请日：1991-08-29
申请人： Roger W. Dahl , Ronald W. Heil, Jr.
发明人： Roger W. Dahl , Ronald W. Heil, Jr.
IPC分类号： A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/0587
摘要： A defibrillation electrode for implantation on or about the heart and for connection to a defibrillation system. The electrode comprises a plurality of electrically conductive elements spaced apart and electrically connected together, thus, increasing the number of discharging edges on the electrode. In a first embodiment, the electrode comprises a plurality of concentric conductive rings electrically connected together. In a second embodiment, the electrode comprises a plurality of conductive planar elements electrically connected together in a generally puzzle-like configuration. In a third embodiment, the electrode comprises electrically conductive wires wrapped around the length of a cardiac catheter. In a fourth embodiment, electrically conductive wires are concentrically spiralled into a spiral patch configuration. In a fifth specific embodiment, a plurality of electrically isolated active sites are provided on the distal portion of an endocardial catheter. In all of the above embodiments, the electrical discharge of energy from the electrode to the heart surface favors the conductive edges of the electrically conductive and connected components of the electrodes. Therefore, by increasing the number of conductive edges, a more uniform distribution of energy is delivered to the heart. Furthermore, each of the electrode configurations may be constructed without an insulative backing to further increase the efficiency of discharge.
摘要翻译：用于植入在心脏上或其周围并用于与除颤系统连接的除颤电极。电极包括间隔开并电连接在一起的多个导电元件，从而增加电极上的放电边缘的数量。在第一实施例中，电极包括电连接在一起的多个同心导电环。在第二实施例中，电极包括多个导电平面元件，其以通常的益智构型电连接在一起。在第三实施例中，电极包括围绕心脏导管的长度缠绕的导电线。在第四实施例中，导电线同心地螺旋成螺旋形贴片构型。在第五具体实施方案中，在心内膜导管的远侧部分上设置多个电隔离的活性部位。在所有上述实施例中，从电极到心脏表面的能量放电有利于电极的导电和连接部件的导电边缘。因此，通过增加导电边缘的数量，将更均匀的能量分布传递到心脏。此外，每个电极配置可以构造成没有绝缘背衬，以进一步提高放电效率。

2. 发明授权

US5063932A Controlled discharge defibrillation electrode 失效
标题翻译：控制放电除颤电极
公开(公告)号：US5063932A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-12
申请号：US416421
申请日：1989-10-03
申请人： Roger W. Dahl , Ronald W. Heil, Jr.
发明人： Roger W. Dahl , Ronald W. Heil, Jr.
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/0587 , A61N1/0563
摘要： A defibrillation electrode for implantation on or about the heart and for connection to a defibrillation system. The electrode comprises a plurality of electrically conductive elements spaced apart and electrically connected together, thus, increasing the number of discharging edges on the electrode. In a first embodiment, the electrode comprises a plurality of concentric conductive rings electrically connected together. In a second embodiment, electrode comprises a plurality of conductive planar elements electrically connected together in a generally puzzle-like configuration. In a third embodiment, the electrode comprises electrically conductive wires wrapped around the length of a cardiac catheter. In a fourth embodiment, electrically conductive wires are concentrically spiralled into a spiral patch configuration. In a fifth specific embodiment, a plurality of electrically isolated active sites are provided on the distal portion of an endocardial catheter. In all of the above embodiments, the electrical discharge of energy from the electrode to the heart surface favors the conductive edges of the electrically conductive and connected components of the electrodes. Therefore, by increasing the number of conductive edges, a more uniform distribution of energy is delivered to the heart. Furthermore, each of the electrode configurations may be constructed without an insulative backing to further increase the efficiency of discharge.
摘要翻译：用于植入在心脏上或其周围并用于与除颤系统连接的除颤电极。电极包括间隔开并电连接在一起的多个导电元件，从而增加电极上的放电边缘的数量。在第一实施例中，电极包括电连接在一起的多个同心导电环。在第二实施例中，电极包括多个导电平面元件，其通常以类似益智的结构电连接在一起。在第三实施例中，电极包括围绕心脏导管的长度缠绕的导电线。在第四实施例中，导电线同心地螺旋成螺旋形贴片构型。在第五具体实施方案中，在心内膜导管的远侧部分上设置多个电隔离的活性部位。在所有上述实施例中，从电极到心脏表面的能量放电有利于电极的导电和连接部件的导电边缘。因此，通过增加导电边缘的数量，将更均匀的能量分布传递到心脏。此外，每个电极配置可以构造成没有绝缘背衬，以进一步提高放电效率。

3. 发明授权

US5020544A Low energy defibrillation electrode 失效
标题翻译：低能除颤电极
公开(公告)号：US5020544A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-04
申请号：US430050
申请日：1989-11-01
申请人： Roger W. Dahl , Ronald W. Heil, Jr. , Graydon E. Beatty , Morton M. Mower
发明人： Roger W. Dahl , Ronald W. Heil, Jr. , Graydon E. Beatty , Morton M. Mower
IPC分类号： A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/0587
摘要： An implantable cardiac electrode for use in defibrillation. The electrode comprises a plurality of layers of porous conductive screens and backed by an insulation layer. When implanted on or about the heart surface, body fluids can flow through the screens thus increasing the effective surface area of contact. Each individual layer of mesh can be microscopically textured to create indentations on the layer for further increasing the surface area of each screen, and thus, the surface area of body fluid contact. Also disclosed is an electrode without an insulative backing facing away from the heart.
摘要翻译：用于除颤的植入式心脏电极。电极包括多层多孔导电屏，并由绝缘层支撑。当植入心脏表面或其周围时，体液可以流过筛网，从而增加接触的有效表面积。每个单独的网格层可以被显微纹理化以在该层上产生凹痕，以进一步增加每个筛网的表面积，并因此增加体液接触的表面积。还公开了一种没有背离心脏的绝缘背衬的电极。

4. 发明授权

US4969463A Defibrillation electrode and method for employing gatling discharge defibrillation 失效
标题翻译：除颤电极及采用格特林放电除颤的方法
公开(公告)号：US4969463A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-13
申请号：US361978
申请日：1989-06-06
申请人： Roger W. Dahl , Stanley M. Bach, Jr. , Ronald W. Heil, Jr. , Mieczyslaw Mirowski
发明人： Roger W. Dahl , Stanley M. Bach, Jr. , Ronald W. Heil, Jr. , Mieczyslaw Mirowski
IPC分类号： A61B5/042 , A61N1/05 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61B5/6852 , A61B5/0422 , A61N1/0587 , A61N1/3956 , A61B2562/0209 , A61B2562/043 , A61B2562/046
摘要： An implantable defibrillation/cardioversion system and method comprising an electrode having a plurality of discrete electrically conductive segments. The conductive segments are electrically isolated from each other and electrically connected to a defibrillation/cardioversion unit. An electrical pulse block is generated and chopped into a plurality of discrete pulse segments by the defibrillation/cardioversion unit and applied to the electrode so that each conductive segment receives a particular electrical pulse assigned from the series of pulses. In this way, the concentration of gas generated from ionic current produced by a high energy defibrillation pulse is reduces and more energy is delivered to the heart, thus reducing the required energy input to the electrode. The electrode may be planar or in a catheter electrode configuration.
摘要翻译：一种可植入除颤/心脏复律系统和方法，其包括具有多个离散导电段的电极。导电段彼此电隔离并电连接到除颤/心脏复律单元。产生电脉冲块并通过除颤/心律转换单元将其切成多个离散脉冲段并施加到电极，使得每个导电段接收从该系列脉冲分配的特定电脉冲。以这种方式，由高能除颤脉冲产生的离子电流产生的气体的浓度降低，并且更多的能量传递到心脏，从而减少对电极的所需能量输入。电极可以是平面的或者在导管电极配置中。

5. 发明授权

US5554178A Metalized implantable cardiac electrode 失效
标题翻译：金属化植入式心脏电极
公开(公告)号：US5554178A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-10
申请号：US427942
申请日：1995-04-26
申请人： Roger W. Dahl , David Lipson
发明人： Roger W. Dahl , David Lipson
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/362 , A61N1/378
CPC分类号： A61N1/05
摘要： An implantable cardiac electrode includes a flexible polymeric substrate, a metallized surface layer of the polymeric substrate forming one or more electrically conductive regions on the surface of the polymeric substrate, and one or more insulated conductors connecting the electrically conductive regions to leads, the leads being connected to a cardiac monitoring and pulse generating system. In one embodiment, the electrically conductive region forms a band on the outer surface of a polymeric tube and is electrically connected to a conductor embedded in the tube. In another embodiment, the electrically conductive region forms a desired configuration on a planar surface of the polymeric substrate, such as a concentric ring or spiral patch configuration. In these and other embodiments, the metallized surface layer includes a surface layer of the polymeric substrate that is impregnated with a metal such that a conductive region is formed in the surface of the otherwise insulative polymeric substrate.
摘要翻译：可植入心脏电极包括柔性聚合物基底，在聚合物基底的表面上形成一个或多个导电区域的聚合物基底的金属化表面层以及将导电区域连接到引线的一个或多个绝缘导体，引线是连接到心脏监测和脉冲发生系统。在一个实施例中，导电区域在聚合物管的外表面上形成带，并且电连接到嵌入管中的导体。在另一个实施例中，导电区域在聚合物基底的平坦表面上形成期望的构造，例如同心环或螺旋形贴片构型。在这些和其它实施例中，金属化表面层包括浸渍有金属的聚合物基材的表面层，使得在其它绝缘聚合物基材的表面中形成导电区域。

6. 发明授权

US5342407A Body implantable defibrillation system 失效
标题翻译：身体植入式除颤系统
公开(公告)号：US5342407A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US912924
申请日：1992-07-13
申请人： Roger W. Dahl , David K. Swanson , Stephen J. Hahn , Douglas J. Lang , John E. Heil
发明人： Roger W. Dahl , David K. Swanson , Stephen J. Hahn , Douglas J. Lang , John E. Heil
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/375 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/05
摘要： Implantable electrodes for defibrillation are formed of pluralities of electrode segments. Each of the segments is relatively long and narrow. The electrode segments can be parallel and spaced apart from one another a distance at least ten times the nominal width, with one end of each segment mounted to a transverse distal portion of an electrically conductive lead coupling the electrode to a defibrillation pulse generator. Alternatively, segments can branch or radiate outwardly from a common junction. In yet another arrangement, electrode segments are portions of a single conductive path at the distal end of a lead from a pulse generator, arranged in either a spiral configuration or a serpentine configuration which can align electrode segments side by side, parallel and spaced apart. The electrode segments can be formed of composite conductors in the form of titanium ribbons or wires with a sputtered outer layer of platinum, or a silver core in a stainless steel tube, with a platinum layer formed onto the tube. The electrodes are highly compliant yet can provide large effective areas for defibrillation, enabling a transthoracic pulsing arrangement of two electrodes on opposite sides of the heart, implanted subcutaneously outside of the thoracic region.
摘要翻译：用于除颤的可植入电极由多个电极段形成。每个段都相对长而窄。电极段可以彼此平行和间隔至少十倍于标称宽度的距离，每个段的一端安装到将电极耦合到除颤脉冲发生器的导电引线的横向远端部分。或者，片段可以从公共接头向外分支或辐射。在另一种布置中，电极段是在来自脉冲发生器的引线的远端处的单个导电路径的部分，其布置成螺旋构造或蛇形结构，其可以并排并排隔离电极段。电极段可以由具有溅射的铂外层或不锈钢管中的银芯的钛带或电线形式的复合导体形成，铂层形成在管上。电极是高度依从性的，但可以为除颤提供大的有效区域，使得能够在心脏外侧皮下植入心脏两侧的两个电极的经胸部脉冲排列。

7. 发明授权

US5203348A Subcutaneous defibrillation electrodes 失效
标题翻译：扁平电极
公开(公告)号：US5203348A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-20
申请号：US533886
申请日：1990-06-06
申请人： Roger W. Dahl , David K. Swanson , Stephen J. Hahn , Douglas J. Lang , John E. Heil
发明人： Roger W. Dahl , David K. Swanson , Stephen J. Hahn , Douglas J. Lang , John E. Heil
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/375 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/05
摘要： Implantable electrodes for defibrillation are formed of pluralities of electrode segments. Each of the segments is relatively long and narrow. The electrode segments can be parallel and spaced apart from one another a distance at least ten times the nominal width, with one end of each segment mounted to a transverse distal portion of an electrically conductive lead coupling the electrode to a defibrillation pulse generator. Alternatively, segments can branch or radiate outwardly from a common junction. In yet another arrangement, electrode segments are portions of a single conductive path at the distal end of a lead from a pulse generator, arranged in either a spiral configuration or a serpentine configuration which can align electrode segments side by side, parallel and spaced apart. The electrode segments can be formed of composite conductors in the form of titanium ribbons or wires with a sputtered outer layer of platinum, or a silver core in a stainless steel tube, with a platinum layer formed onto the tube. The electrodes are highly compliant yet can provide large effective areas for defibrillation, enabling a transthoracic pulsing arrangement of two electrodes on opposite sides of the heart, implanted subcutaneously outside of the thoracic region.

8. 发明授权

US5090422A Implantable electrode pouch 失效
标题翻译：可植入电极袋
公开(公告)号：US5090422A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-25
申请号：US511068
申请日：1990-04-19
申请人： Roger W. Dahl , Graydon E. Beatty , David K. Swanson , John E. Heil
发明人： Roger W. Dahl , Graydon E. Beatty , David K. Swanson , John E. Heil
IPC分类号： A61N1/05
CPC分类号： A61N1/056 , A61N1/0587
摘要： A novel method and apparatus for isolating and anchoring an implantable electrically stimulating probe such as a defibrillator patch electrode for use with an automatic cardioverter/defibrillator is disclosed in which a porous bio-compatible coating or enclosure covers and isolates the electrode in a way which allows electrical conductivity via bodily fluid which passes through but separates the electrode from the adjacent tissue in the manner of dissection plane which substantially prevents tissue ingrowth. The coating or enclosure controls the minimum separation distance from the closest tissue and which reduces the local current density applied to adjacent tissue when the electrode is pulsed. The system includes a provision for attaching the enclosure means to internal bodily tissue.
摘要翻译：公开了用于分离和锚定可植入电刺激探针（例如用于自动心律转复除颤器的除颤器贴片电极）的新颖方法和装置，其中多孔生物相容性涂层或外壳以允许的方式覆盖并隔离电极穿过体液的导电性通过基本上防止组织向内生长的解剖平面的方式将电极与相邻组织隔开。涂层或外壳控制距离最近的组织的最小间隔距离，并且当电极被脉冲时减小施加到相邻组织的局部电流密度。该系统包括用于将外壳装置附接到内部身体组织的装置。

9. 发明授权

US6157860A Implantable intravenous cardiac stimulation system with pulse generator housing serving as optional additional electrode 有权
公开(公告)号：US6157860A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US344843
申请日：1999-06-28
申请人： Robert G. Hauser , Roger W. Dahl , Bruce H. Kenknight
发明人： Robert G. Hauser , Roger W. Dahl , Bruce H. Kenknight
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/368 , A61N1/375 , A61N1/362
CPC分类号： A61N1/056 , A61N1/05 , A61N1/368 , A61N1/375 , A61N1/3756
摘要： A pulse generator housing for enclosing and containing pulse generator defibrillation circuitry. The housing is formed entirely of electrically conductive metal defining an electrically conductive outer surface which is connected to the pulse generator circuitry for delivering defibrillating energy to the heart. The pulse generator housing is implanted in the pectoral region proximate the heart with the conductive surface facing the heart. Regions of the conductive outer surface may be electrically isolated and dedicated for separately sensing and shocking. The outer surface may be coated with platinum. Additional coiled segment electrodes may extend from the housing and be electrically connected to the conductive outer surface so as to increase the effective conductive surface area. A sensor is provided to determine whether the housing is inside or outside a body of a patient to disconnect the pulse generator housing conductive surface from the pulse generator circuitry when the unit is outside the body of a patient.

10. 发明授权

US6038483A Implantable conformal coil patch electrode with multiple conductive elements for cardioversion and defibrillation 失效
公开(公告)号：US6038483A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-14
申请号：US243667
申请日：1999-02-02
申请人： Bruce H. KenKnight , Roger W. Dahl , David K. Swanson
发明人： Bruce H. KenKnight , Roger W. Dahl , David K. Swanson
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/0587
摘要： Body-implantable leads with open, unbacked (uninsulated) electrode structures having electrical discharge surfaces formed by conductive elements, such as mesh and braid, and preferably coils. The electrode structures can be classified by pattern: (1) loops, (2) linear arrays and (3) radial arrays. The electrodes are located on or near the epicardial surface of the right and left heart.

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