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1. 发明授权

US5930284A Multiple input electrode gap controller 失效
标题翻译：多输入电极间隙控制器
公开(公告)号：US5930284A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US784334
申请日：1997-01-15
申请人： Christopher L. Hysinger , Joseph J. Beaman , David K. Melgaard , Rodney L. Williamson
发明人： Christopher L. Hysinger , Joseph J. Beaman , David K. Melgaard , Rodney L. Williamson
IPC分类号： H05B7/148 , H05B3/60
CPC分类号： H05B7/148 , Y02P10/256 , Y02P10/259
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling vacuum arc remelting (VAR) furnaces by estimation of electrode gap based on a plurality of secondary estimates derived from furnace outputs. The estimation is preferably performed by Kalman filter. Adaptive gain techniques may be employed, as well as detection of process anomalies such as glows.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过基于从炉输出得到的多个二次估计来估计电极间隙来控制真空电弧重熔（VAR）炉的方法和装置。该估计优选地通过卡尔曼滤波器进行。可以采用自适应增益技术，以及检测过程异常，如发光。

2. 发明授权

US10422584B2 Apparatus to control the total energy flux into the top ingot surface during vacuum arc remelting processes 有权
公开(公告)号：US10422584B2
公开(公告)日：2019-09-24
申请号：US14666378
申请日：2015-03-24
申请人： Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman
发明人： Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman
IPC分类号： H05B7/144 , H05B3/60 , F27D19/00 , H05B7/152 , F27B3/08 , F27D21/00 , F27D11/08 , F27D7/06 , F27D99/00
摘要： A Vacuum Arc Remelting controller apparatus wherein process control is accomplished primarily through control of pool power. Pool power being defined as the total energy flux into a top ingot surface of the VAR ingot. The controller apparatus of the present invention comprises a controller computer that transmits commands to the host furnace through an ethernet connection.

3. 发明授权

US08077754B1 Pool power control in remelting systems 有权
标题翻译：重熔系统中的池功率控制
公开(公告)号：US08077754B1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-13
申请号：US11501198
申请日：2006-08-08
申请人： Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman
发明人： Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman
IPC分类号： H05B7/144 , H05B3/60
CPC分类号： H05B7/144 , F27B3/085 , F27D11/08 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/00 , Y02P10/256 , Y02P10/259
摘要： An apparatus for and method of controlling a remelting furnace comprising adjusting current supplied to an electrode based upon a predetermined pool power reference value and adjusting the electrode drive speed based upon the predetermined pool power reference value.
摘要翻译：一种控制重熔炉的设备和方法，包括基于预定的池功率参考值调节供应给电极的电流，并且基于预定的池功率参考值来调节电极驱动速度。

4. 发明申请

US20150308747A1 Apparatus to Control the Total Energy Flux into the Top Ingot Surface During Vacuum Arc Remelting Processes 有权
标题翻译：控制在真空电弧重熔过程中进入顶部表面的总能量通量的装置
公开(公告)号：US20150308747A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-29
申请号：US14666378
申请日：2015-03-24
申请人： Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman
发明人： Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman
IPC分类号： F27D19/00 , F27B3/08 , F27D21/00 , H05B7/152
摘要： A Vacuum Arc Remelting controller apparatus wherein process control is accomplished primarily through control of pool power. Pool power being defined as the total energy flux into a top ingot surface of the VAR ingot. The controller apparatus of the present invention comprises a controller computer that transmits commands to the host furnance through an ethernet connection.
摘要翻译：真空电弧重熔控制器装置，其中主要通过控制池功率来完成过程控制。池功率被定义为进入VAR锭的顶锭表面的总能量通量。本发明的控制器装置包括通过以太网连接向宿主发送命令的控制器计算机。

5. 发明申请

US20120106588A1 Pool power-based apparatus to control vacuum arc remelting processes 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于控制真空电弧重熔工艺的水池电力设备
公开(公告)号：US20120106588A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-03
申请号：US13374170
申请日：2011-12-13
申请人： Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman
发明人： Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman
IPC分类号： H05B7/06
CPC分类号： H05B7/144 , F27B3/085 , F27D11/08 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/00 , Y02P10/256 , Y02P10/259
摘要： An apparatus for controlling a vacuum remelting furnace comprising a controller capable of adjusting electrical current to an electrode and a controller capable of adjusting the electrode's drive speed. The controllers adjust the current and drive speed based on a predetermined pool power reference value. The apparatus may also comprise a third controller that receives the adjusted current and drive speed as inputs and sends estimated electrode drive speed bias as output to the drive speed controller and estimated current bias as output to the current controller.
摘要翻译：一种用于控制真空重熔炉的装置，包括能够调节电极的电流的控制器和能够调节电极驱动速度的控制器。控制器基于预定的池功率参考值来调节电流和驱动速度。该装置还可以包括第三控制器，其接收作为输入的调整的电流和驱动速度，并且将推定的电极驱动速度偏置作为输出发送到驱动速度控制器，并将估计的电流偏置作为输出发送到电流控制器。

6. 发明授权

US6115404A Dynamic control of remelting processes 有权
标题翻译：重熔过程的动态控制
公开(公告)号：US6115404A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US244372
申请日：1999-02-03
申请人： Lee A. Bertram , Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman , David G. Evans
发明人： Lee A. Bertram , Rodney L. Williamson , David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman , David G. Evans
IPC分类号： H05B7/152 , H05B7/144 , H05B7/148
CPC分类号： H05B7/152 , Y02P10/256 , Y02P10/259
摘要： An apparatus and method of controlling a remelting process by providing measured process variable values to a process controller; estimating process variable values using a process model of a remelting process; and outputting estimated process variable values from the process controller. Feedback and feedforward control devices receive the estimated process variable values and adjust inputs to the remelting process. Electrode weight, electrode mass, electrode gap, process current, process voltage, electrode position, electrode temperature, electrode thermal boundary layer thickness, electrode velocity, electrode acceleration, slag temperature, melting efficiency, cooling water temperature, cooling water flow rate, crucible temperature profile, slag skin temperature, and/or drip short events are employed, as are parameters representing physical constraints of electroslag remelting or vacuum arc remelting, as applicable.
摘要翻译：一种通过向过程控制器提供测量的过程变量值来控制重熔过程的装置和方法; 使用重熔过程的过程模型估计过程变量值; 并从过程控制器输出估计的过程变量值。反馈和前馈控制装置接收估计的过程变量值并调整重熔过程的输入。电极重量，电极质量，电极间隙，工艺电流，工艺电压，电极位置，电极温度，电极热边界层厚度，电极速度，电极加速度，炉渣温度，熔化效率，冷却水温度，冷却水流量，坩埚温度使用曲线，炉渣表面温度和/或滴水短路事件，以及代表电渣重熔或真空电弧重熔的物理限制的参数（如适用）。

7. 发明授权

US07180931B1 Electrode immersion depth determination and control in electroslag remelting furnace 有权
标题翻译：电渣重熔炉电极浸入深度测定与控制
公开(公告)号：US07180931B1
公开(公告)日：2007-02-20
申请号：US10853477
申请日：2004-05-25
申请人： David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman , Gregory J. Shelmidine
发明人： David K. Melgaard , Joseph J. Beaman , Gregory J. Shelmidine
IPC分类号： H05B3/60
CPC分类号： H05B7/148 , F27B3/28 , F27D11/10 , F27D19/00 , F27D21/00 , Y02P10/256 , Y02P10/259
摘要： An apparatus and method for controlling an electroslag remelting furnace comprising adjusting electrode drive speed by an amount proportional to a difference between a metric of electrode immersion and a set point, monitoring impedance or voltage, and calculating the metric of electrode immersion depth based upon a predetermined characterization of electrode immersion depth as a function of impedance or voltage.
摘要翻译：一种用于控制电渣重熔炉的设备和方法，包括将电极驱动速度调整成与电极浸渍的度量和设定点之间的差成比例的量，监测阻抗或电压，以及基于预定的电流，计算电极浸入深度的度量电极浸入深度的表征作为阻抗或电压的函数。

8. 发明授权

US06922645B2 Augmented classical least squares multivariate spectral analysis 有权
标题翻译：增强经典最小二乘法多变量光谱分析
公开(公告)号：US06922645B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-26
申请号：US10963195
申请日：2004-10-12
申请人： David M. Haaland , David K. Melgaard
发明人： David M. Haaland , David K. Melgaard
IPC分类号： G01N21/27 , G01N21/35 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/65 , G01R23/16 , G01N23/48
CPC分类号： G01N21/359 , G01N21/274 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/65 , G01N2201/1293
摘要： A method of multivariate spectral analysis, termed augmented classical least squares (ACLS), provides an improved CLS calibration model when unmodeled sources of spectral variation are contained in a calibration sample set. The ACLS methods use information derived from component or spectral residuals during the CLS calibration to provide an improved calibration-augmented CLS model. The ACLS methods are based on CLS so that they retain the qualitative benefits of CLS, yet they have the flexibility of PLS and other hybrid techniques in that they can define a prediction model even with unmodeled sources of spectral variation that are not explicitly included in the calibration model. The unmodeled sources of spectral variation may be unknown constituents, constituents with unknown concentrations, nonlinear responses, non-uniform and correlated errors, or other sources of spectral variation that are present in the calibration sample spectra. Also, since the various ACLS methods are based on CLS, they can incorporate the new prediction-augmented CLS (PACLS) method of updating the prediction model for new sources of spectral variation contained in the prediction sample set without having to return to the calibration process. The ACLS methods can also be applied to alternating least squares models. The ACLS methods can be applied to all types of multivariate data.
摘要翻译：称为增强经典最小二乘法（ACLS）的多变量光谱分析方法在校准样本集中包含未建模的光谱变化源时提供了改进的CLS校准模型。在CLS校准期间，ACLS方法使用从组件或光谱残差得到的信息，以提供改进的校准增强型CLS模型。 ACLS方法基于CLS，因此它们保留了CLS的定性优势，但是它们具有PLS和其他混合技术的灵活性，因为即使没有明确地包括在光谱变化的未建模的光谱变化源中，它们也可以定义预测模型校准模型。未建模的光谱变化源可能是未知的成分，未知浓度的成分，非线性响应，非均匀和相关误差，或存在于校准样品光谱中的其他光谱变化源。此外，由于各种ACLS方法都是基于CLS的，所以它们可以包含用于更新包含在预测样本集中的新的光谱变化源的预测模型的新的预测增加CLS（PACLS）方法，而不必返回到校准过程。 ACLS方法也可以应用于交替的最小二乘模型。 ACLS方法可以应用于所有类型的多变量数据。

9. 发明授权

US06842702B2 Augmented classical least squares multivariate spectral analysis 有权
公开(公告)号：US06842702B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-11
申请号：US10661968
申请日：2003-09-11
申请人： David M. Haaland , David K. Melgaard
发明人： David M. Haaland , David K. Melgaard
IPC分类号： G01N21/27 , G01N21/35 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/65 , G06F19/00 , G01N33/48
CPC分类号： G01N21/359 , G01N21/274 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/65 , G01N2201/1293
摘要： A method of multivariate spectral analysis, termed augmented classical least squares (ACLS), provides an improved CLS calibration model when unmodeled sources of spectral variation are contained in a calibration sample set. The ACLS methods use information derived from component or spectral residuals during the CLS calibration to provide an improved calibration-augmented CLS model. The ACLS methods are based on CLS so that they retain the qualitative benefits of CLS, yet they have the flexibility of PLS and other hybrid techniques in that they can define a prediction model even with unmodeled sources of spectral variation that are not explicitly included in the calibration model. The unmodeled sources of spectral variation may be unknown constituents, constituents with unknown concentrations, nonlinear responses, non-uniform and correlated errors, or other sources of spectral variation that are present in the calibration sample spectra. Also, since the various ACLS methods are based on CLS, they can incorporate the new prediction-augmented CLS (PACLS) method of updating the prediction model for new sources of spectral variation contained in the prediction sample set without having to return to the calibration process. The ACLS methods can also be applied to alternating least squares models. The ACLS methods can be applied to all types of multivariate data.

10. 发明授权

US06687620B1 Augmented classical least squares multivariate spectral analysis 有权
标题翻译：增强经典最小二乘法多变量光谱分析
公开(公告)号：US06687620B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-03
申请号：US10209841
申请日：2002-07-31
申请人： David M. Haaland , David K. Melgaard
发明人： David M. Haaland , David K. Melgaard
IPC分类号： G01N3348
CPC分类号： G01N21/359 , G01N21/274 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/65 , G01N2201/1293
摘要： A method of multivariate spectral analysis, termed augmented classical least squares (ACLS), provides an improved CLS calibration model when unmodeled sources of spectral variation are contained in a calibration sample set. The ACLS methods use information derived from component or spectral residuals during the CLS calibration to provide an improved calibration-augmented CLS model. The ACLS methods are based on CLS so that they retain the qualitative benefits of CLS, yet they have the flexibility of PLS and other hybrid techniques in that they can define a prediction model even with unmodeled sources of spectral variation that are not explicitly included in the calibration model. The unmodeled sources of spectral variation may be unknown constituents, constituents with unknown concentrations, nonlinear responses, non-uniform and correlated errors, or other sources of spectral variation that are present in the calibration sample spectra. Also, since the various ACLS methods are based on CLS, they can incorporate the new prediction-augmented CLS (PACLS) method of updating the prediction model for new sources of spectral variation contained in the prediction sample set without having to return to the calibration process. The ACLS methods can also be applied to alternating least squares models. The ACLS methods can be applied to all types of multivariate data.
摘要翻译：称为增强经典最小二乘法（ACLS）的多变量光谱分析方法在校准样本集中包含未建模的光谱变化源时提供了改进的CLS校准模型。在CLS校准期间，ACLS方法使用从组件或光谱残差得到的信息，以提供改进的校准增强型CLS模型。 ACLS方法基于CLS，因此它们保留了CLS的定性优势，但是它们具有PLS和其他混合技术的灵活性，因为即使没有明确地包括在光谱变化的未建模的光谱变化源中，它们也可以定义预测模型校准模型。未建模的光谱变化源可能是未知的成分，未知浓度的成分，非线性响应，非均匀和相关误差，或存在于校准样品光谱中的其他光谱变化源。此外，由于各种ACLS方法都是基于CLS的，所以它们可以包含用于更新包含在预测样本集中的新的光谱变化源的预测模型的新的预测增加CLS（PACLS）方法，而不必返回到校准过程。 ACLS方法也可以应用于交替的最小二乘模型。 ACLS方法可以应用于所有类型的多变量数据。

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