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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Analog integrated circuit pressure sensor
    • 模拟集成电路压力传感器
    • US4539554A
    • 1985-09-03
    • US434876
    • 1982-10-18
    • John F. JarvisRobert G. SwartzBruce A. Wooley
    • John F. JarvisRobert G. SwartzBruce A. Wooley
    • G01L5/00B25J19/02H03K17/96G06F3/02H01L41/08
    • H03K17/9643
    • An integrated array of pressure transducers capable of producing an analog output voltage representative of the applied pressure is proposed. The individual transducing elements (16) are defined by a three-layer structure including a thin layer of piezoelectric material (10) disposed between a reference potential plate (12) and a plurality of electrodes (15) contained in a silicon substrate (14). A force applied to a localized portion of the reference plate will cause a deflection of the piezoelectric material towards the electrodes on the substrate, inducing a capacitive charge on the electrode in the localized area. This capacitance is stores at a node A associated with the transducing element, and may be interrogated by a sensing circuit (18) located in the silicon substrate. Since the induced charge is directly proportional to the applied force, a measurement of the output voltage from node A will yield a direct indication of the localized force applied to the sensor.
    • 提出了能够产生代表所施加的压力的模拟输出电压的集成的压力传感器阵列。 单个换能元件(16)由三层结构限定,该三层结构包括设置在参考电位板(12)和包含在硅衬底(14)中的多个电极之间的压电材料薄层, 。 施加到参考板的局部部分的力将引起压电材料朝向衬底上的电极的偏转,从而在局部区域中的电极上引起电容性电荷。 该电容存储在与转换元件相关联的节点A处,并且可以由位于硅衬底中的感测电路(18)询问。 由于感应电荷与施加的力成正比,因此来自节点A的输出电压的测量将产生施加到传感器的局部力的直接指示。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Means for controlling a semiconductor device and communication system
comprising the means
    • 用于控制半导体器件的装置和包括该装置的通信系统
    • US4680810A
    • 1987-07-14
    • US749746
    • 1985-06-28
    • Robert G. Swartz
    • Robert G. Swartz
    • H01L29/88H01L21/66H01S5/042H01S5/068H04B10/155H04B9/00
    • H04B10/504H01S5/06808H04B10/564H01S5/06812
    • The novel technique for stabilizing an electronic device, e.g., a semiconductor laser, is disclosed. The technique can advantageously be used to stabilize the bias current of such a laser at or near the lasing threshold of the device. A preferred application of thus stabilized lasers is in optical communication systems. The inventive technique comprises determination of a derivative of a variable characteristic of the device operation, e.g., the voltage across a laser, with respect to a parameter, e.g., the laser bias current. The derivative is determined by a novel method. For the particular case of laser bias stabilization, the method comprises injecting one or more nonsinusoidal ac current components into the laser, and phase-sensitivity detecting the voltage changes at the ac frequencies. The method can, in principle, be used to determine derivatives of arbitrarily high order. A circuit capable of determining the second, third and fourth derivatives of the voltage as a function of bias current is disclosed. The derivative extraction method can also be embodied in measurement apparatus, and as useful in other process control applications.
    • 公开了用于稳定诸如半导体激光器的电子器件的新技术。 该技术可以有利地用于在设备的激光阈值处或附近稳定这种激光器的偏置电流。 这样稳定的激光器的优选应用在光通信系统中。 本发明的技术包括相对于诸如激光偏置电流的参数确定器件操作的可变特性的导数,例如激光器两端的电压。 该衍生物由一种新方法确定。 对于激光偏置稳定的特定情况,该方法包括将一个或多个非正弦交流电流分量注入到激光器中,并且相位灵敏度检测在交流频率处的电压变化。 该方法原则上可用于确定任意高阶的导数。 公开了能够确定作为偏置电流的函数的电压的第二,第三和第四导数的电路。 导数提取方法也可以体现在测量设备中,并且在其他过程控制应用中也是有用的。