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1. 发明授权

US5185597A Sprite cursor with edge extension and clipping 失效
标题翻译： Sprite光标，边缘扩展和裁剪
公开(公告)号：US5185597A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-09
申请号：US630384
申请日：1990-12-18
申请人： James L. Pappas , Larry D. Seiler , Robert C. Rose
发明人： James L. Pappas , Larry D. Seiler , Robert C. Rose
IPC分类号： G09G5/08
CPC分类号： G09G5/08
摘要： A circuit for generating an N by M pixel sprite cursor having edge extension features which are clipped to only appear in preselected windows on a video display. The circuit provides edge extension by extending the pattern appearing in the pixels located along the four edges of the sprite cursor towards the corresponding boundaries of the display. The circuit clips the cursor to preselected windows by determining on a pixel-by pixel basis which window owns the pixel to be displayed and whether the window will permit a cursor to appear in it.
摘要翻译：用于产生具有边缘扩展特征的N×M像素子画面光标的电路，其被限制为仅出现在视频显示器上的预选窗口中。该电路通过将出现在沿着子画面光标的四个边缘的像素中出现的图案扩展到显示器的对应边界来提供边缘扩展。该电路通过在逐个像素的基础上确定哪个窗口拥有要显示的像素以及该窗口是否允许光标出现在其中来将光标剪切到预先选择的窗口。

2. 发明授权

US5038300A Extendable-size color look-up table for computer graphics systems 失效
标题翻译：计算机图形系统的可扩展颜色查找表
公开(公告)号：US5038300A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-06
申请号：US212834
申请日：1988-06-29
申请人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
发明人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
IPC分类号： G09G5/06
CPC分类号： G09G5/06
摘要： A video display system for a computer graphics workstation expands the color look-up table external to the video digital-to-analog (DAC) chip by providing, for each color, a bank of one or more color look-up table extender chips. The extender chips for a given color are connected in series and the banks are connected in parallel between the frame buffer and the video DAC chip. On a pixel-by-pixel basis, and for each color channel, one of the look-up tables afforded by the extender chips or the video DAC chip is accessed using an index from the frame buffer.
摘要翻译：用于计算机图形工作站的视频显示系统通过为每种颜色提供一个或多个颜色查找表扩展器芯片的库来扩展视频数模（DAC）芯片外部的颜色查找表。给定颜色的扩展芯片串联连接，并且存储体在帧缓冲器和视频DAC芯片之间并联连接。在逐个像素的基础上，并且对于每个颜色通道，使用来自帧缓冲器的索引来访问由扩展器芯片或视频DAC芯片提供的查找表之一。

3. 发明授权

US5001469A Window-dependent buffer selection 失效
标题翻译：依赖窗口的缓冲区选择
公开(公告)号：US5001469A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-19
申请号：US212819
申请日：1988-06-29
申请人： James L. Pappas , Larry D. Seiler , Robert C. Rose
发明人： James L. Pappas , Larry D. Seiler , Robert C. Rose
IPC分类号： G09G5/14 , G09G5/397 , G09G5/399
CPC分类号： G09G5/397 , G09G5/14 , G09G2340/12
摘要： An image generator (38) in a workstation draws its image data from a pair of frame buffers (32 and 34). The selection between the frame buffers is made by a multiplexer circuit (42) that can switch between frame buffers (32 and 34) on a pixel-by-pixel basis, i.e., different frame buffers can be used during different parts of the same scan frame of a monitor (18) in the image generator (38). A selection-signal source (46), which provides the selection signals for the multiplexer circuit (42), includes a window detector (56), which compares the outputs of counters (72 and 74) that represent the monitor scan position with the outputs of registers (62, 64, 66, and 68) that represent the boundaries of windows used by respective applications that the workstation is running. The source (46) thereby identifies the windows in which the pixel currently being displayed is located, and it employs a priority circuit (76) to identify the one such window having the highest priority. Each software application deposits in a buffer register (70) the identity of the frame buffer (32 or 34) from which the data for its display should currently be drawn, and a priority circuit generates a BUFSEL signal to identify the buffer designated by the application associated with the highest-priority window. It uses BUFSEL to control the multiplexer circuit (42). In this way, all applications do not have to switch between buffers at the same time, so the complexity and lack of flexibility imposed by synchronizing between applications is avoided.
摘要翻译：工作站中的图像生成器（38）从一对帧缓冲器（32和34）中绘制其图像数据。帧缓冲器之间的选择由多路复用器电路（42）进行，该多路复用器电路可以逐像素地在帧缓冲器（32和34）之间切换，即，可以在相同扫描的不同部分期间使用不同的帧缓冲器在图像生成器（38）中的监视器（18）的框架。提供多路复用器电路（42）的选择信号的选择信号源（46）包括窗口检测器（56），其将表示监视器扫描位置的计数器（72和74）的输出与输出的寄存器（62,64,66和68），其表示工作站正在运行的各个应用使用的窗口的边界。源（46）从而识别当前正在显示的像素所在的窗口，并且采用优先级电路（76）来识别具有最高优先权的一个这样的窗口。每个软件应用程序在缓冲寄存器（70）中存储当前应绘制其显示数据的帧缓冲器（32或34）的标识，并且优先电路产生BUFSEL信号以识别由应用指定的缓冲器与最高优先级窗口相关联。它使用BUFSEL来控制多路复用器电路（42）。以这种方式，所有应用程序不必同时在缓冲区之间切换，因此避免了在应用程序之间同步所产生的复杂性和缺乏灵活性。

4. 发明授权

US4929889A Data path chip test architecture 失效
标题翻译：数据路径芯片测试架构
公开(公告)号：US4929889A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-29
申请号：US206194
申请日：1988-06-13
申请人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
发明人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
IPC分类号： G01R31/3185 , G06F11/27
CPC分类号： G01R31/318536 , G01R31/318558 , G06F11/27
摘要： A system and method for testing nodes, or test points, of an integrated circuit are presented. The invention includes a test/load bus which is used to sequentially load test data and other data onto the integrated circuit chip, to sample test points and to read data previously loaded onto the chip. The test/load bus and its control logic are used for both testing the chip and for loading and dumping data from the chip so that the test capability adds little to the area of the chip.
摘要翻译：提出了一种用于测试集成电路的节点或测试点的系统和方法。本发明包括一个测试/负载总线，用于将测试数据和其他数据顺序地加载到集成电路芯片上，对测试点进行采样并读取先前加载到芯片上的数据。测试/负载总线及其控制逻辑用于测试芯片和用于从芯片加载和转储数据，以便测试能力对芯片的面积增加很小。

5. 发明授权

US5396263A Window dependent pixel datatypes in a computer video graphics system 失效
标题翻译：计算机视频图形系统中的窗口依赖像素数据类型
公开(公告)号：US5396263A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US849784
申请日：1992-03-10
申请人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
发明人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
IPC分类号： G09G5/06 , G09G5/08 , G09G5/14 , G09G1/06
CPC分类号： G09G5/14 , G09G5/06 , G09G5/08
摘要： This invention allows each of a plurality of windows to use its own distinct datatype and format while more than one window is being displayed on a monitor screen of a computer video graphics system. Different windows can use full color or pseudocolor frame buffer organizations, can use overlay planes or not, and can have other differences in the interpretation of the pixel values without affecting each other. Window dependent pixel datatypes are provided by means of a lookup table that is contained in logic between the frame buffer and the colormap/DAC that drives the monitor. This lookup table contains descriptors for pixel datatypes. It is indexed by a window number that is specified for each pixel. The pixel datatype descriptor accessed at each pixel is then used to control logic that processes that pixel value to create an index for the colormap. This allows each window to specify its own pixel datatype and format, that is used to interpret the pixels contained in the window.
摘要翻译：本发明允许多个窗口中的每个窗口在计算机视频图形系统的监视器屏幕上显示多于一个窗口时使用其自己的不同数据类型和格式。不同的窗口可以使用全彩色或伪彩色帧缓冲组织，可以使用覆盖平面，也可以在像素值的解释上有其他差异，而不会相互影响。窗口相关像素数据类型通过查找表提供，该查找表包含在驱动监视器的帧缓冲区和色卡映射/ DAC之间的逻辑中。此查找表包含像素数据类型的描述符。它被为每个像素指定的窗口编号索引。然后，在每个像素处访问的像素数据类型描述符用于控制逻辑，以处理该像素值以创建色彩映射的索引。这允许每个窗口指定其自己的像素数据类型和格式，用于解释窗口中包含的像素。

6. 发明授权

US5216413A Apparatus and method for specifying windows with priority ordered rectangles in a computer video graphics system 失效
标题翻译：用于在计算机视频图形系统中指定具有优先级有序矩形的窗口的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5216413A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-01
申请号：US803706
申请日：1991-12-04
申请人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
发明人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
IPC分类号： G09G5/06 , G09G5/08 , G09G5/14
CPC分类号： G09G5/14 , G09G5/06 , G09G5/08
摘要： A method and a device for distinguishing which pixels are to be displayed in a set of overlapping, rectangular windows in video graphics display are provided. Windows are specified as a priority ordered list of rectangles or other shapes, so that each window is computed as being visible at those pixels that are inside its rectangle but outside the rectangles of all higher priority windows. The number of rectangles required is equal to the number of rectangular windows, irrespective of the degree of overlap.
摘要翻译：提供了用于区分在视频图形显示中的一组重叠的矩形窗口中要显示哪些像素的方法和装置。 Windows被指定为矩形或其他形状的优先顺序列表，因此每个窗口被计算为在其矩形内部的那些像素处可见，但在所有较高优先级窗口的矩形之外。所需的矩形数量等于矩形窗口的数量，而与重叠程度无关。

7. 发明授权

US5025249A Pixel lookup in multiple variably-sized hardware virtual colormaps in a computer video graphics system 失效
标题翻译：在计算机视频图形系统中的多个可变大小的硬件虚拟色彩映射中的像素查找
公开(公告)号：US5025249A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-18
申请号：US206026
申请日：1988-06-13
申请人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
发明人： Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas , Robert C. Rose
IPC分类号： G09G5/06 , G09G5/14
CPC分类号： G09G5/06 , G09G5/14
摘要： This invention adds a window dependent base value to the pixel values read from a frame buffer or other source of pixel values. The base value points to the base of the colormap for that window, which is allocated within a larger, physical colormap. Each window can access physical colormap entries starting at its base value and extending up to the base value plus the maximum pixel value used in that window. Adding a window dependent base value to the pixel values for each window allows different windows to use different colormaps, each of which can be allocated to any contiguous set of entries in the physical colormap. Each window's virtual colormap need only use as many entries in the physical colormap as there are entries in the virtual colormap. Finally, virtual colormaps can be compacted or otherwise reallocated in the physical colormap without requiring changes in the pixel values stored in the frame buffer. Only the colormap base values stored for each window need be changed.
摘要翻译：本发明对从帧缓冲器或其他像素值读取的像素值添加与窗口相关的基值。基本值指向该窗口的颜色映射的基础，该颜色在更大的物理色彩映射中分配。每个窗口可以访问从其基本值开始的物理色彩映射条目，并扩展到基本值加上该窗口中使用的最大像素值。将窗口依赖的基础值添加到每个窗口的像素值允许不同的窗口使用不同的色彩映射，每个颜色可以分配给物理色彩映射中的任何连续的条目集。每个窗口的虚拟色彩映射只需要在物理色彩映射中使用尽可能多的条目，因为虚拟色彩映射中有条目。最后，可以在物理颜色映射中压缩或以其他方式重新分配虚拟色彩映射，而不需要改变存储在帧缓冲器中的像素值。只需要更改为每个窗口存储的色彩映射基值。

8. 发明授权

US5128658A Pixel data formatting 失效
标题翻译：像素数据格式
公开(公告)号：US5128658A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-07
申请号：US211778
申请日：1988-06-27
申请人： James L. Pappas , Larry D. Seiler , Robert C. Rose
发明人： James L. Pappas , Larry D. Seiler , Robert C. Rose
IPC分类号： G09G5/02 , G09G5/06 , G09G5/14
CPC分类号： G09G5/026 , G09G5/06 , G09G5/14
摘要： Pixel formats and a pixel mapping unit for use in a computer graphics terminal which provides an address input to a color look-up table. The disclosed pixel formats can be used to conserve frame buffer memory, color table memory, or both. For example, the formats support pseudo color or full color mapping, overlay planes, and color table bank select while using a minimum amount of memory. A valid plane feature is also supported, which can be used to enable rapid clearing of a window. The pixel mapping unit is especially handy in supporting multiple windows, because a unique mapping configuration word, which specifies how pixels are to be interpreted, may be specified for each window.
摘要翻译：像素格式和用于计算机图形终端中的像素映射单元，其为颜色查找表提供地址输入。所公开的像素格式可用于节省帧缓冲存储器，色表存储器或两者。例如，格式支持伪彩色或全色映射，重叠平面和彩色表格库选择，同时使用最小量的内存。还支持有效的平面功能，可用于快速清除窗口。像素映射单元特别方便地支持多个窗口，因为可以为每个窗口指定唯一的映射配置字，其指定如何解释像素。

9. 发明授权

US5058041A Semaphore controlled video chip loading in a computer video graphics system 失效
标题翻译：信号量控制视频芯片加载在计算机视频图形系统中
公开(公告)号：US5058041A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-15
申请号：US206203
申请日：1988-06-13
申请人： Robert C. Rose , Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas
发明人： Robert C. Rose , Larry D. Seiler , James L. Pappas
IPC分类号： G09G5/14 , G09G5/395
CPC分类号： G09G5/395 , G09G5/14
摘要： A method and apparatus for updating the copies of state table values of a video data path chip set for a computer graphics system is provided. The apparatus uses off screen bitmap memory or other dual-ported memory in a frame buffer to store a shadow copy of the state that is stored in the video data path chips. The state tables include such things as color lookup tables, window definitions and cursors. A semaphore is used to prevent screen glitches caused by updating state tables from the copy of state table values that are partially modified. The state tables are loaded into the chips during vertical retrace, when the screen is being blanked. Before the CPU begins to update the shadow copy in the frame buffer, it claims the semaphore. If a vertical retrace occurs before the CPU has completed updating the frame buffer, the chips are not loaded during that vertical retrace. Before the chips start loading, a system timing chip claims the semaphore. The CPU cannot commence modifying the frame buffer until the load is finished.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于更新计算机图形系统的视频数据路径芯片组的状态表值的副本的方法和装置。该设备使用屏幕位图存储器或帧缓冲器中的其他双端口存储器来存储存储在视频数据路径芯片中的状态的影子副本。状态表包括颜色查找表，窗口定义和光标等。信号量用于防止从部分修改的状态表值的副本更新状态表导致的屏幕故障。当屏幕被消隐时，状态表在垂直回扫期间加载到芯片中。在CPU开始更新帧缓冲区中的卷影副本之前，它会声明信号量。如果在CPU完成更新帧缓冲区之前发生垂直回扫，则在该垂直回扫期间芯片不会被加载。在芯片开始加载之前，系统定时芯片要求信号量。在负载完成之前，CPU无法开始修改帧缓冲区。

10. 发明授权

US07924281B2 System and method for determining illumination of a pixel by shadow planes 有权
标题翻译：用于通过阴影平面确定像素的照明的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07924281B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-12
申请号：US10906852
申请日：2005-03-09
申请人： Stephen L. Morein , Larry D. Seiler , Michael Doggett , Jocelyn Houle
发明人： Stephen L. Morein , Larry D. Seiler , Michael Doggett , Jocelyn Houle
IPC分类号： G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T15/50 , G06T15/005 , G06T15/60 , G06T15/80 , G06T2215/12
摘要： A graphics processing circuit includes a pixel shader operative to provide pixel color information in response to image data representing a scene to be rendered; a texture circuit, coupled to the pixel shader, operative to determine a luminance value to be applied to a pixel of interest based on the luminance values of the pixels that define a plane including the pixel of interest; and a render back end circuit, coupled to the texture circuit, operative to compute the luminance values from a shadow map that specifies the distance from the light source of the nearest object at a plurality of locations. A pixel illumination method includes receiving color information for a pixel to be rendered, defining a plane containing at least one pixel of interest, the plane including a plurality of planar values; comparing the plurality of planar values to a corresponding set of distance values; determining a luminance value for the at least one pixel of interest; and applying the luminance value to the at least one pixel of interest.
摘要翻译：图形处理电路包括像素着色器，用于响应于表示要渲染的场景的图像数据而提供像素颜色信息; 耦合到像素着色器的纹理电路，用于基于限定包括感兴趣像素的平面的像素的亮度值来确定要施加到感兴趣像素的亮度值; 以及耦合到纹理电路的渲染后端电路，用于从阴影图计算亮度值，所述阴影贴图指定在多个位置处距离最近物体的光源的距离。像素照明方法包括：接收要渲染的像素的颜色信息，定义包含至少一个感兴趣像素的平面，所述平面包括多个平面值; 将所述多个平面值与相应的一组距离值进行比较; 确定所述感兴趣的所述至少一个像素的亮度值; 以及将所述亮度值应用于所述至少一个感兴趣的像素。

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