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1. 发明授权

US4521715A Photoemissive cathode formed on conductive strips 失效
标题翻译：形成在导电条上的发光阴极
公开(公告)号：US4521715A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-04
申请号：US412901
申请日：1982-08-30
申请人： Richard D. Faulkner , Arthur F. McDonie
发明人： Richard D. Faulkner , Arthur F. McDonie
IPC分类号： H01J43/06 , H01J40/06
CPC分类号： H01J43/06
摘要： An electron tube having an evacuated envelope includes therein an insulating substrate with a photoemissive cathode thereon. The cathode comprises a plurality of discrete substantially isolated photoemissive regions. A plurality of spaced apart conductive strips are disposed on the substrate and interconnect each of the photoemissive regions.
摘要翻译：具有真空外壳的电子管包括其上具有发光阴极的绝缘基板。阴极包括多个离散的基本上隔离的发光区域。多个间隔开的导电条被布置在基板上并互连每个光发射区域。

2. 发明授权

US4604545A Photomultiplier tube having a high resistance dynode support spacer anti-hysteresis pattern 失效
标题翻译：光电倍增管具有高电阻倍增极支撑间隔物抗滞后图案
公开(公告)号：US4604545A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US172659
申请日：1980-07-28
申请人： Arthur F. McDonie , Richard D. Faulkner
发明人： Arthur F. McDonie , Richard D. Faulkner
IPC分类号： H01J43/04 , H01J43/00
CPC分类号： H01J43/04
摘要： The photomultiplier tube comprises an evacuated envelope having therein a photocathode, an anode, a plurality of spaced apart dynodes for propagating and concatenating electron emission from the photocathode to the anode and a pair of substantially parallel support spacers of insulating material to support the dynodes and the anode. A chrome oxide layer is disposed on the support spacers adjacent to the dynodes and the anode. The chrome oxide layer has a resistance of at least about 10.sup.12 ohms per square to about 10.sup.15 ohms per square. A Nichrome coating overlies an inter-electrode region extending along the concatenating path of the electron emission from the dynodes to the anode. The Nichrome coating has a resistance of greater than 10.sup.6 ohms per square but less than the resistance of the chrome oxide layer.
摘要翻译：光电倍增管包括其中具有光电阴极，阳极，用于传播和连接从光电阴极到阳极的电子发射的多个间隔的倍增电极的抽真空的外壳和一对绝缘材料的基本上平行的支撑间隔物，以支撑倍增电极和阳极。氧化铬层设置在与倍增极和阳极相邻的支撑间隔物上。铬氧化物层具有至少约1012欧姆每平方至约1015欧姆每平方的电阻。镍铬涂层覆盖沿着从倍增极到阳极的电子发射的级联路径延伸的电极间区域。镍铬镀层的电阻大于106欧姆/平方但小于氧化铬层的电阻。

3. 发明授权

US4446401A Photomultiplier tube having improved count-rate stability 失效
标题翻译：具有改进的计数率稳定性的光电倍增管
公开(公告)号：US4446401A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-01
申请号：US323287
申请日：1981-11-20
申请人： Richard D. Faulkner , Daniel L. Thoman , Arthur F. McDonie
发明人： Richard D. Faulkner , Daniel L. Thoman , Arthur F. McDonie
IPC分类号： H01J43/06 , H01J40/00
CPC分类号： H01J43/06
摘要： A photomultiplier tube includes an evacuated envelope having therein a photocathode, an anode and an electron multiplier disposed between the cathode and the anode for propagating and concatenating electrons along a path therebetween. The electron multiplier and the anode are supported by a pair of oppositely-disposed support plates. At least one aperture which extends along at least a portion of the electron path is formed in each plate. A pair of focusing shields may be spaced from the exterior surface of each of the support plates. The focusing shields are disposed adjacent to the apertures in the support plates and extend longitudinally along the electron path to provide a transverse focusing field which prevents substantially all of the electrons from impinging on the interior surface of the support plates.
摘要翻译：光电倍增管包括其中具有光电阴极的真空外壳，设置在阴极和阳极之间的阳极和电子倍增器，用于沿着它们之间的路径传播和级联电子。电子倍增器和阳极由一对相对布置的支撑板支撑。沿着电子路径的至少一部分延伸的至少一个孔形成在每个板中。一对聚焦屏蔽件可以与每个支撑板的外表面间隔开。聚焦屏蔽件邻近支撑板中的孔设置并且沿着电子路径纵向延伸以提供横向聚焦场，其防止基本上所有电子撞击在支撑板的内表面上。

4. 发明授权

US4341427A Method for stabilizing the anode sensitivity of a photomultiplier tube 失效
标题翻译：稳定光电倍增管阳极灵敏度的方法
公开(公告)号：US4341427A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-27
申请号：US164675
申请日：1980-06-30
申请人： Charles M. Tomasetti , Maurice D. Harsh , Arthur F. McDonie
发明人： Charles M. Tomasetti , Maurice D. Harsh , Arthur F. McDonie
IPC分类号： H01J9/12 , H01J9/44 , H01J9/00
CPC分类号： H01J9/12 , H01J9/445
摘要： A method is described for stabilizing the anode sensitivity of a photomultiplier tube having a photocathode, an anode, and a plurality of dynodes including at least one Nichrome dynode adjacent to the anode. The steps include differentially heating the tube so that the temperature of the Nichrome dynodes and the anode is substantially greater than the photocathode. The temperature gradient established by the differential heating redistributes alkali material from the surface of the dynodes in a beneficial manner so as to balance the secondary emission gain of the dynodes so that decrease in Nichrome dynode gain is offset by increases in the gain of the other dynodes. The tube is then bright aged at a first voltage followed by a dark age at a higher voltage. The aging steps rearrange or rebind the remaining loosely bound alkali material to provide an increase in anode sensitivity stability.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于稳定具有光电阴极，阳极和多个倍增极的光电倍增管的阳极灵敏度的方法，所述倍增极包括与阳极相邻的至少一个复合倍频极。这些步骤包括差异地加热管，使得镍铬合金倍增极和阳极的温度基本上大于光电阴极。通过差分加热建立的温度梯度以有利的方式重新分布来自倍增极的表面的碱性材料，以平衡倍增电极的二次发射增益，使得复合倍增极增益的降低被其他倍增电极的增益的增加所抵消。然后，管在第一电压下亮起老化，然后在较高电压下变暗。老化步骤重新排列或重新粘附剩余的松散结合的碱性材料，以提高阳极灵敏度稳定性。

5. 发明授权

US4331701A Rubidium-cesium-antimony photocathode 失效
标题翻译：铷 - 铯 - 锑光电阴极
公开(公告)号：US4331701A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-25
申请号：US229296
申请日：1981-01-28
申请人： Arthur F. McDonie
发明人： Arthur F. McDonie
IPC分类号： H01J9/12 , B05D1/34 , B05D1/38 , B05D3/04
CPC分类号： H01J9/12
摘要： A film of either manganese or antimony is evaporated onto a substrate within an evacuated enclosure. Oxygen is introduced into the enclosure to oxidize the film. A layer of antimony is then deposited onto the oxidized film to a predetermined thickness measured by the transmission of light through the substrate. Rubidium and cesium are then evaporated onto the antimony layer after which the substrate is heated to promote an activating reaction between the rubidium, cesium and antimony. Photocathodes formed in this manner, without superficial oxidation, typically have sensitivities within the range of 80-130 microamperes per lumen.
摘要翻译：将锰或锑的薄膜蒸发到真空外壳内的基材上。将氧气引入外壳中以氧化膜。然后将一层锑沉积到氧化膜上至通过穿过衬底的光透射测量的预定厚度。然后将铷和铯蒸发到锑层上，然后加热基底以促进铷，铯和锑之间的活化反应。以这种方式形成的无阴极氧化的光电阴极通常具有在每管腔80-130微安的范围内的灵敏度。

6. 发明授权

US4680504A Electron discharge device having a narrow range spectral response 失效
标题翻译：具有窄范围光谱响应的电子放电装置
公开(公告)号：US4680504A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US786530
申请日：1985-10-11
申请人： Fred A. Helvy , Arthur F. McDonie
发明人： Fred A. Helvy , Arthur F. McDonie
IPC分类号： H01J43/04 , H01J43/28 , H01J40/02
CPC分类号： H01J43/28 , H01J43/04
摘要： A so-called "solar-blind" photomultiplier tube includes an envelope having a sidewall and an input faceplate formed from an ultraviolet transmitting filter. A photoemissive cathode is disposed within the envelope for providing photoelectrons in response to radiation incident thereon. The cathode has an intrinsic responsivity extending from the near-ultraviolet portion through the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum; however, the filter faceplate transmits only the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum to the photoemissive cathode. The combination of the filter faceplate and the photoemissive cathode therefore limits the tube to a responsivity within the wavelength range of about 300 to less than 400 nanometers.
摘要翻译：所谓的“太阳能盲”光电倍增管包括具有侧壁的封套和由紫外线发射滤波器形成的输入面板。光发射阴极设置在外壳内，用于响应于入射到其上的辐射而提供光电子。阴极具有从近紫外线部分延伸通过电磁光谱的可见部分的固有响应度; 然而，过滤面板仅将光谱的紫外线部分透射到光发射阴极。因此，过滤面板和光发射阴极的组合将管限制在约300至小于400纳米的波长范围内的响应度。

7. 发明授权

US4570102A Photomultiplier tube having an electron multiplier cage assembly with uniform transverse spacing 失效
标题翻译：具有具有均匀横向间隔的电子倍增器笼组件的光电倍增管
公开(公告)号：US4570102A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-11
申请号：US611753
申请日：1984-05-18
申请人： Arthur F. McDonie , Donald B. Kaiser
发明人： Arthur F. McDonie , Donald B. Kaiser
IPC分类号： H01J43/02 , H01J43/06 , H01J43/20 , H01J40/04 , H01J19/42 , H01J43/26
CPC分类号： H01J43/06
摘要： A photomultiplier tube comprises an evacuated envelope having a photoemissive cathode, a shield cup spaced from the cathode and an electron multiplier cage assembly abutting the shield cup. The cage assembly includes a pair of transversely spaced support plates having a plurality of support slots formed therethrough. Each of the support plates has a distal end and a proximal end, with the proximal ends being attached to the shield cup. A light shield is disposed between the distal end of the support plates. An anode and a plurality of dynodes, at least one of which has a field mesh attached thereto, are disposed between the support plates and attached thereto by end tabs. The end tabs extend from the side of the anode and the dynodes. The aforementioned shield cup includes flaps which establish a minimum transverse spacing between the proximal ends of the support plates. The light shield has a transverse dimension substantially equal to that of the flaps to establish a minimum transverse spacing between the distal end of the support plates. The flaps and the light shield thus act, in combination, to provide a uniform minimum transverse spacing between the support plates which is greater than the transverse dimension of the anode and the dynodes to prevent distortion of the field mesh. The tab ends of the dynode and the anode are bifurcated so that one portion of selected ones of the tab ends can be formed to secure the dynodes and the anode between the support plates.
摘要翻译：光电倍增管包括具有光发射阴极的抽空外壳，与阴极间隔开的屏蔽杯和邻接屏蔽杯的电子倍增器保持架组件。笼式组件包括一对横向间隔的支撑板，其具有穿过其形成的多个支撑槽。每个支撑板具有远端和近端，其近端附接到屏蔽杯。遮光板设置在支撑板的远端之间。阳极和多个倍增极，其中至少一个具有连接到其上的场网，设置在支撑板之间并通过端部突片附接到其上。端部突片从阳极侧面和倍增极延伸。上述屏蔽杯包括在支撑板的近端之间建立最小横向间隔的襟翼。遮光罩的横向尺寸基本上等于翼片的横向尺寸，以确定支撑板的远端之间的最小横向间距。因此，翼片和遮光罩组合起来以提供支撑板之间的均匀的最小横向间隔，其大于阳极和倍增电极的横向尺寸，以防止场网格的变形。倍增极和阳极的突出端分叉，使得可以形成一些选定的突片端部，以将倍增极和阳极固定在支撑板之间。

8. 发明授权

US4593229A Shield cup to cage assembly connecting tab member for photomultiplier tube 失效
标题翻译：屏蔽杯到笼式组件连接光电倍增管的接头构件
公开(公告)号：US4593229A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-03
申请号：US611873
申请日：1984-05-18
申请人： Arthur F. McDonie , Donald B. Kaiser
发明人： Arthur F. McDonie , Donald B. Kaiser
IPC分类号： H01J43/02 , H01J43/04 , H01J43/06 , H01J43/26 , H01J40/04
CPC分类号： H01J43/06
摘要： A photomultiplier tube comprises an evacuated envelope having a photoemissive cathode, a shield cup spaced from the cathode and an electron multiplier cage assembly abutting the shield cup. The cage assembly includes a pair of transversely spaced insulating support plates having oppositely disposed surfaces. A plurality of dynodes and an anode are disposed between the support plates. A plurality of oppositely disposed locating slots are formed in the shield cup. At least one tab slot is formed through the oppositely disposed surfaces of each of the support plates. A plurality of connecting tab members are provided for connecting the cage assembly to the shield cup. Each tab member includes a slot engaging portion, a locking portion, a locating portion and an attachment portion. The slot engaging portion is disposed within the tab slot of the support plate. The locking portion extends from one end of the slot engaging portion for securely engaging one surface of the plate. A locating portion extends from the other end of the slot engaging portion along the other oppositely disposed surface of the plate and through one of the locating slots formed in the shield cup. The attachment portion of the tab member is fixedly attached to the shield cup.
摘要翻译：光电倍增管包括具有光发射阴极的抽空外壳，与阴极间隔开的屏蔽杯和邻接屏蔽杯的电子倍增器保持架组件。保持架组件包括一对具有相对设置表面的横向隔开的绝缘支撑板。多个倍增极和阳极设置在支撑板之间。在屏蔽杯中形成有多个相对设置的定位槽。通过每个支撑板的相对设置的表面形成至少一个突片槽。提供多个连接突片构件用于将保持架组件连接到屏蔽杯。每个翼片构件包括槽接合部分，锁定部分，定位部分和附接部分。槽接合部分设置在支撑板的突片槽内。锁定部分从槽接合部分的一端延伸，以牢固地接合板的一个表面。定位部分从狭缝接合部分的另一端沿着板的另一个相对设置的表面延伸并且穿过形成在屏蔽杯中的一个定位槽。突片构件的附接部分固定地附接到屏蔽杯。

9. 发明授权

US4339469A Method of making potassium, cesium, rubidium, antimony photocathode 失效
标题翻译：制备钾，铯，铷，锑光电阴极的方法
公开(公告)号：US4339469A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-13
申请号：US284258
申请日：1981-07-17
申请人： Arthur F. McDonie , William K. Miller
发明人： Arthur F. McDonie , William K. Miller
IPC分类号： H01J9/12 , B05D1/34 , B05D1/38 , B05D3/02
CPC分类号： H01J9/12
摘要： A base layer comprised of antimony and oxygen is formed on a substrate within an evacuated enclosure. Rubidium, potassium and cesium are then evaporated onto the base layer after which the substrate is heated to promote an activating reaction between the rubidium, potassium, cesium and antimony.
摘要翻译：由真空壳体内的基板上形成由锑和氧构成的基层。然后将铷，钾和铯蒸发到基底层上，然后加热基底以促进铷，钾，铯和锑之间的活化反应。

10. 发明授权

US4305972A Method for expeditiously processing a sodium-potassium-cesium-antimony photocathode 失效
标题翻译：快速加工钠 - 铯 - 锑 - 锑光电阴极的方法
公开(公告)号：US4305972A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-15
申请号：US164676
申请日：1980-06-30
申请人： Arthur F. McDonie
发明人： Arthur F. McDonie
IPC分类号： H01J9/12 , H01J1/34 , B05D1/36
CPC分类号： H01J9/12
摘要： A method is provided for making a photocathode including the step of forming a base layer including antimony on a substrate. Sodium is then evaporated at an elevated temperature onto the base layer such that the sensitivity increases to a value which is less than a peak value. At an intermediate temperature potassium is evaporated to a first peak value of sensitivity. Antimony and potassium are alternately evaporated until a second peak value of sensitivity is achieved. At the above-mentioned intermediate temperature, cesium is evaporated to a third peak value of sensitivity. Antimony and cesium are alternately evaporated until a fourth peak value of sensitivity is attained. The photocathode is slow cooled from the intermediate temperature to a second intermediate temperature at which point the cooling rate is increased in order to permit the photocathode to reach room temperature.
摘要翻译：提供了一种制造光电阴极的方法，包括在基板上形成包括锑的基层的步骤。然后将钠在升高的温度下蒸发到基底层上，使得灵敏度增加到小于峰值的值。在中间温度下，将钾蒸发至第一灵敏度峰值。交替蒸发锑和钾，直至达到第二个灵敏度峰值。在上述中间温度下，将铯蒸发至第三灵敏度峰值。交替蒸发锑和铯，直到达到第四个灵敏度峰值。光电阴极从中间温度缓慢冷却到第二中间温度，此时冷却速率增加，以使光电阴极达到室温。

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