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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus using intensity gradients for visual identification of 2D matrix symbols
    • 使用强度梯度进行二维矩阵符号视觉识别的方法和装置
    • US06941026B1
    • 2005-09-06
    • US09592839
    • 2000-06-13
    • Sateesh Gopalakrishna NadabarRanjit Desai
    • Sateesh Gopalakrishna NadabarRanjit Desai
    • G06K7/14G06K9/40G06K9/56
    • G06K7/1443G06K7/14
    • Visual information regarding intensity and intensity-based gradient information is used in a multi-step process for accurately locating and decoding an encoded visual symbol matrix. A symbol is preprocessed with filtering and morphology. A set of coarse locations of candidate symbols is filtered according to coarse geometric criteria to determine which image locations are most viable. Depending upon the symbol type, and information about the edges of the symbols, additional symbol-specific filtering and refinements can be applied or skipped. For 2D matrices filtering according to intensity variance criteria is followed by an edge-locating refinement and by identifying finder patterns and timing patterns. Once finder patterns and timing patterns are precisely located, the data region is decoded. Where a data region does not decode validly, another pass is run, using the non-morphed image, resulting in an overall saving of time, as rejections may require operator intervention.
    • 关于基于强度和强度的梯度信息的视觉信息被用于准确地定位和解码编码的视觉符号矩阵的多步骤过程中。 符号被过滤和形态预处理。 根据粗略几何标准过滤一组候选符号的粗略位置,以确定哪些图像位置是最可行的。 根据符号类型和关于符号边缘的信息,可以应用或跳过附加的符号特定过滤和细化。 对于根据强度方差标准的2D矩阵滤波,其后跟边缘定位细化,并通过识别取景器图案和时序图案。 一旦查找器图案和定时模式被精确地定位,则对数据区进行解码。 在数据区域无法有效解码的情况下,使用未变形的图像运行另一遍,导致总体节省时间,因为拒绝可能需要操作员干预。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Process to prepare dihydropyridine and derivatives thereof
    • 二氢吡啶及其衍生物的制备方法
    • US5977369A
    • 1999-11-02
    • US579758
    • 1995-12-28
    • Ranjit DesaiDaniel Alfonso AguilarMohammad AslamNicholas Gallegos
    • Ranjit DesaiDaniel Alfonso AguilarMohammad AslamNicholas Gallegos
    • C07D211/90C07D211/86
    • C07D211/90
    • A novel process is disclosed for the preparation of dihydropyridine compounds and derivatives thereof, and more particularly felodipine. The process to prepare felodipine involves a two step procedure condensing 2,3-dichlorobenzaldehyde with methyl acetoacetate in the presence of a catalyst system. The resultant benzylidine intermediate is sequentially reacted with ethyl aminocrotonate to provide felodipine. The novelty of the present invention resides in part on (1) a new catalyst system not previously disclosed for the preparation of felodipine, (2) the absence of acid(s), (3) the control of reaction conditions to yield lower amounts of unreacted aldehyde compared to known reactions, (4) a simplified purification process, and (5) formation of negligible quantities of symmetrical diester byproducts.
    • 公开了制备二氢吡啶化合物及其衍生物,更特别是非洛地平的新方法。 制备非洛地平的方法涉及在催化剂体系存在下将2,3-二氯苯甲醛与乙酰乙酸甲酯缩合的两步法。 将所得的苄基中间体与氨基巴豆酸乙酯依次反应以提供非洛地平。 本发明的新颖性部分在于(1)以前未公开制备非洛地平的新催化剂体系,(2)不存在酸,(3)控制反应条件以产生较低量的 未反应的醛与已知的反应相比,(4)简化的纯化过程,和(5)形成可忽略量的对称的二酯副产物。