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1. 发明授权

US6109018A Electrically-heated combustion catalyst structure and method for start-up of a gas turbine using same 失效
标题翻译：电加热燃烧催化剂结构及使用其的燃气轮机起动方法
公开(公告)号：US6109018A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US688075
申请日：1996-07-26
申请人： Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Toru Shoji , Scott A. Magno , David K. Yee
发明人： Thomas Rostrup-Nielsen , Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Toru Shoji , Scott A. Magno , David K. Yee
IPC分类号： F01N3/20 , F01N3/28 , F23C13/00 , F23R3/40 , F02C7/26
CPC分类号： F23R3/40 , F01N3/2013 , F01N3/2026 , F01N3/281 , F02C7/26 , F23C13/00 , F23C13/02 , F01N2330/323 , F01N2610/03 , F05D2220/76 , F05D2260/85 , F23D2206/10 , Y02T10/26
摘要： This invention relates to an electrically-heated catalyst (EHC) and a start-up method of a gas turbine engine for combusting a hydrocarbonaceous fuel/oxygen-containing gas mixture using this electrically-heated catalyst. The catalytic structure is electrically heated to a predetermined temperature prior to start up of the turbine so as to reduce emissions during the start-up of the system. The EHC unit is a stacked or spirally wound layering of flat and corrugated thin metal foils which forms a plurality of axially-extending, longitudinal channels. The channels are preferably coated on one surface with a catalytic material, leaving the other surface free from the reaction to act as a heat sink, making the design an IHE (integral heat exchange) catalytic unit. The preferred embodiment of the EHC has electrodes outside of the fuel/oxygen-containing mixture stream, and uses electrical power having a predetermined voltage in the range of 100 to 200 volts to heat the unit. A method for using the EHC in the start-up of a gas turbine is also disclosed wherein an electrical power is applied to heat the EHC a predetermined temperature prior to the fuel/oxygen-containing mixture being introduced and may be left on for a certain period of time after the introduction of the fuel/oxygen-containing mixture. The EHC may be maintained at the desired predetermined temperature by modulating the applied voltage. The electrical power is terminated when any one of several conditions are met including when the heat of the catalytic reaction is sufficient to maintain the catalyst at its steady-state condition or when a certain period of time has elapsed.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及使用该电加热催化剂燃烧含烃燃料/含氧气体混合物的燃气涡轮发动机的电加热催化剂（EHC）和起动方法。催化结构在涡轮启动之前被电加热至预定温度，以便在系统启动期间减少排放。 EHC单元是形成多个沿轴向延伸的纵向通道的平坦且波浪形的薄金属箔的层叠或螺旋卷绕的层。通道优选在一个表面上用催化材料涂布，使另一个表面没有反应作为散热器，使得设计成为IHE（整体式热交换）催化单元。 EHC的优选实施例具有位于燃料/含氧混合物流之外的电极，并且使用具有在100至200伏特范围内的预定电压的电力来加热该单元。还公开了在燃气轮机起动中使用EHC的方法，其中在引入燃料/含氧混合物之前施加电功率以将EHC加热到预定温度，并且可以保持一定的在引入燃料/含氧混合物之后的时间段。可以通过调制所施加的电压将EHC保持在所需的预定温度。当满足几个条件中的任何一个时，电力终止，包括当催化反应的热量足以使催化剂保持在其稳定状态或当经过一定时间段时。

2. 发明授权

US5518697A Process and catalyst structure employing intergal heat exchange with optional downstream flameholder 失效
标题翻译：使用与可选择的下游阻燃器进行间隔热交换的工艺和催化剂结构
公开(公告)号：US5518697A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-21
申请号：US378206
申请日：1995-01-25
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , David K. Yee , Scott A. Magno , Toru Shoji
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , David K. Yee , Scott A. Magno , Toru Shoji
IPC分类号： F01N3/10 , B01J23/40 , B01J35/04 , F01N3/28 , F23C6/04 , F23C9/00 , F23C13/00 , F23D11/40 , F23D14/18 , F23R3/40 , F23D3/40
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F01N3/28 , F01N3/281 , F01N3/2814 , F01N3/2821 , F01N3/2882 , F23C6/045 , F23C9/006 , F23R3/40 , F01N2240/02 , F01N2330/321 , F01N2330/323 , F01N2330/42 , F23C2900/13002 , F23R2900/00002
摘要： This invention is an improved catalyst structure and its use in highly exothermic processes like catalytic combustion. This improved catalyst structure employs integral heat exchange in an array of longitudinally disposed adjacent reaction passage-ways or channels, which are either catalyst-coated or catalyst-free, wherein the configuration of the catalyst-coated channels differs from the non-catalyst channels such that, when applied in exothermic reaction processes, such as catalytic combustion, the desired reaction is promoted in the catalytic channels and substantially limited in the non-catalyst channels. The invention further comprises an improved reaction system and process for combustion of a fuel wherein catalytic combustion using a catalyst structure employing integral heat exchange, preferably the improved structures of the invention, affords a partially-combusted, gaseous product which is passed to a homogeneous combustion zone where complete combustion is promoted by means of a flameholder.
摘要翻译：本发明是改进的催化剂结构及其在高度放热过程如催化燃烧中的应用。这种改进的催化剂结构在纵向设置的相邻反应通道或通道的阵列中采用整体热交换，其是催化剂涂覆的或不含催化剂的，其中催化剂涂覆的通道的构型与非催化剂通道的构型不同，当用于放热反应过程如催化燃烧时，在催化通道中促进所需的反应，并且在非催化剂通道中基本上受限制。本发明还包括改进的燃料燃烧反应系统和方法，其中使用采用整体热交换的催化剂结构，优选本发明的改进结构的催化燃烧提供了部分燃烧的气态产物，其被传递到均匀燃烧通过火焰稳定器促进完全燃烧的区域。

3. 发明授权

US07121097B2 Control strategy for flexible catalytic combustion system 有权
标题翻译：柔性催化燃烧系统的控制策略
公开(公告)号：US07121097B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-17
申请号：US09942976
申请日：2001-08-29
申请人： David K. Yee , Marco A. Velasco , Sarento G. Nickolas , Ralph A. Dalla Betta
发明人： David K. Yee , Marco A. Velasco , Sarento G. Nickolas , Ralph A. Dalla Betta
IPC分类号： F02C7/22 , F02C7/26
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , F23C2900/13002 , F23D2208/10 , F23L15/04 , F23R3/40 , Y02E20/348
摘要： A control system for a catalytic combustion system on a gas turbine includes a flame preburner, a fuel injector positioned downstream of the preburner and a catalyst positioned downstream of the fuel injector. In such systems, a portion of the fuel combusts within the catalyst itself and the remainder of the fuel combusts in a homogeneous combustion process wave downstream of the catalyst. A sensor in communication with the control system monitors the homogeneous combustion process wave and adjusts the gas temperature at the catalyst inlet to a preferred value based on a predetermined schedule that relates the catalyst inlet gas temperature to operating fundamentals such as adiabatic combustion temperature or the gas turbine's exhaust gas temperature.
摘要翻译：用于燃气轮机上的催化燃烧系统的控制系统包括火焰预燃器，位于预燃机下游的燃料喷射器和位于燃料喷射器下游的催化剂。在这种系统中，一部分燃料在催化剂本身内燃烧，其余的燃料在均匀的燃烧过程中在催化剂下游燃烧。与控制系统通信的传感器监测均匀的燃烧过程波，并且基于将催化剂入口气体温度与诸如绝热燃烧温度或气体的操作基准相关联的预定时间表将催化剂入口处的气体温度调节到优选值涡轮机的废气温度。

4. 发明授权

US06718772B2 Method of thermal NOx reduction in catalytic combustion systems 失效
标题翻译：催化燃烧系统中热还原NOx的方法
公开(公告)号：US06718772B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-13
申请号：US10040208
申请日：2001-10-26
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Marco A. Velasco , David K. Yee , Sarento G. Nickolas
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Marco A. Velasco , David K. Yee , Sarento G. Nickolas
IPC分类号： F02C722
CPC分类号： F23R3/40
摘要： Methods and apparatus, both devices and systems, for control of Zeldovich (thermal) NOx production in catalytic combustion systems during combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels in the post catalytic sections of gas turbines by reducing combustion residence time in the HC zone through control of the HC Wave, principally by adjusting the catalyst inlet temperature. As the fuel/air mixture inlet temperature (to the catalyst) is reduced, the HC Wave moves downstream (longer ignition delay time), shortens the residence time at high temperature, thereby reducing thermal NOx production. The countervailing increase in CO production by longer ignition delay times can be limited by selectively locating the HC Wave so that thermal NOx is reduced while power output and low CO production is maintained. NOx is reduced to on the order of
摘要翻译：用于控制在燃气涡轮机的后催化部分中燃烧液体或气体燃料期间的催化燃烧系统中的Zeldovich（热）NOx生成的方法和装置，通过控制HC区域中的燃烧停留时间来减少 HC Wave主要通过调节催化剂入口温度。随着燃料/空气混合物入口温度（催化剂）减少，HC波向下游移动（点火延迟时间较长），缩短了高温下的停留时间，从而降低了NOx的产生。通过选择性地定位HC波，可以限制由较长的点火延迟时间产生的CO生产的反补贴增加，使得在输出功率和低CO生产时保持热NOx。当CO保持在<100ppm，典型地<50ppm，优选<5-10PPM时，NOx降低到大约<3ppm，优选<2ppm。

5. 发明授权

US5258349A Graded palladium-containing partial combustion catalyst 失效
标题翻译：分级含钯部分燃烧催化剂
公开(公告)号：US5258349A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-02
申请号：US617973
申请日：1990-11-26
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Kazunori Tsurumi , Toru Shoji
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Kazunori Tsurumi , Toru Shoji
IPC分类号： B01J23/44 , B01J35/00 , F23C13/00 , B01J21/06 , B01J23/66 , B01J35/04
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , B01J23/44 , B01J35/0006
摘要： This invention is a graded catalyst comprising palladium and also a partial combustion process in which the fuel is partially combusted using that catalyst. The catalyst utilizes a catalytic support structure suitable for high flow rates of combustible gas mixtures through it. The catalyst is situated on the support so that in the flowing gas stream a leading portion of the support has a higher combustion activity, such as by a higher concentration of catalytic metal, than has the trailing portion. The combination of graded catalyst and support provides a low "light off" temperature for the combustible gas (only a low preheat temperature is needed to cause the combustion reaction to begin) and yet does not cause "hot spots" to occur because of excess activity. The combustion gas produced by the catalytic process may be at a temperature below the adiabatic combustive temperature, may be used at that temperature, or fed to other combustion stages for further use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种包含钯的分级催化剂，也是使用该催化剂将燃料部分燃烧的部分燃烧过程。该催化剂使用适合于通过其的可燃气体混合物的高流速的催化支撑结构。催化剂位于载体上，使得在流动的气流中，载体的引导部分具有比具有后部的更高的燃烧活性，例如通过较高浓度的催化金属。分级催化剂和载体的组合为可燃气体提供低的“轻度关闭”温度（仅需要低预热温度才能使燃烧反应开始），并且不会由于过量的活性而引起“热点” 。通过催化过程产生的燃烧气体可能处于低于绝热燃烧温度的温度，可以在该温度下使用，或者进料到其它燃烧阶段，以进一步用于燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等。

6. 发明授权

US5248251A Graded palladium-containing partial combustion catalyst and a process for using it 失效
标题翻译：分级含钯部分燃烧催化剂及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5248251A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-28
申请号：US856462
申请日：1992-03-24
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Kazunori Tsurumi , Toru Shoji
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Kazunori Tsurumi , Toru Shoji
IPC分类号： B01J23/44 , B01J35/00 , F23C13/00
CPC分类号： F23C13/00 , B01J23/44 , B01J35/0006
摘要： This invention is a graded catalyst comprising palladium and also a partial combustion process in which the fuel is partially combusted using that catalyst. The catalyst utilizes a catalytic support structure suitable for high flow rates of combustible gas mixtures through it. The catalyst is situated on the support so that in the flowing gas stream a leading portion of the support has a higher combustion activity, such as by a higher concentration of catalytic metal, than has the trailing portion. The combination of graded catalyst and support provides a low "light off" temperature for the combustible gas (only a low preheat temperature is needed to cause the combustion reaction to begin) and yet does not cause "hot spots" to occur because of excess activity. The combustion gas produced by the catalytic process may be at a temperature below the adiabatic combustive temperature, may be used at that temperature, or fed to other combustion stages for further use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种包含钯的分级催化剂，也是使用该催化剂将燃料部分燃烧的部分燃烧过程。该催化剂使用适合于通过其的可燃气体混合物的高流速的催化支撑结构。催化剂位于载体上，使得在流动的气流中，载体的引导部分具有比具有后部的更高的燃烧活性，例如通过较高浓度的催化金属。分级催化剂和载体的组合为可燃气体提供低的“轻度关闭”温度（仅需要低预热温度才能使燃烧反应开始），并且不会由于过量活性而引起“热点” 。通过催化过程产生的燃烧气体可能处于低于绝热燃烧温度的温度，可以在该温度下使用，或者进料到其它燃烧阶段，以进一步用于燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等。

7. 发明授权

US5250489A Catalyst structure having integral heat exchange 失效
标题翻译：具有整体热交换的催化剂结构
公开(公告)号：US5250489A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US617974
申请日：1990-11-26
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Fabio H. Ribeiro , Toru Shoji , Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa , Sarento G. Nickolas
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Fabio H. Ribeiro , Toru Shoji , Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa , Sarento G. Nickolas
IPC分类号： B01J21/04 , B01D53/86 , B01J21/06 , B01J21/08 , B01J23/42 , B01J23/44 , B01J35/04 , F01N3/28 , B01J23/40 , B01J23/46
CPC分类号： B01J21/066 , B01D53/8628 , B01J23/42 , B01J23/44 , B01J35/04 , F01N3/281 , B01J21/063 , F01N2330/02 , F01N2330/32
摘要： This invention is a catalyst structure having integral heat exchange surfaces and a method for using the structure in highly exothermic processes, such as a combustion process, while maintaining the catalyst and the structure wall at a temperature below the adiabatic combustion temperature.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种具有整体热交换面的催化剂结构以及在高温放热过程如燃烧过程中使用该结构的方法，同时将催化剂和结构壁保持在绝热燃烧温度以下的温度。

8. 发明授权

US5511972A Catalyst structure for use in a partial combustion process 失效
标题翻译：用于部分燃烧过程的催化剂结构
公开(公告)号：US5511972A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-30
申请号：US371561
申请日：1995-01-11
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Toru Shoji , Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Toru Shoji , Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J23/38 , B01J23/44 , B01J37/02 , F23D21/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/8628 , B01J23/38 , B01J23/44 , B01J37/0225
摘要： This invention is both a partial combustion process in which the fuel is partially combusted using specific catalysts and catalytic structures and also a catalyst structure for use in the process. The choice of catalysts and supports solves problems in the art dealing with the stability of the overall catalyst structure and ease of catalyst operation. The catalyst structure is stable due to its comparatively low operating temperature, has a low temperature at which catalytic combustion begins, and yet is not susceptible to temperature "runaway". The combustion gas produced by the catalytic process typically is below the autocombustive temperature for the gas mixture; the gas may be used at that temperature, or fed to other combustion stages for ultimate use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like.
摘要翻译：本发明既是部分燃烧过程，其中使用特定的催化剂和催化结构将燃料部分燃烧，也是用于该方法的催化剂结构。催化剂和载体的选择解决了现有技术中处理整个催化剂结构的稳定性和易于催化剂操作的问题。催化剂结构由于其相对低的操作温度是稳定的，催化燃烧开始的温度低，而且不易受温度“失控”的影响。由催化过程产生的燃烧气体通常低于气体混合物的自燃温度; 可以在该温度下使用气体，或者将其供给到燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等中最终使用的其它燃烧级。

9. 发明授权

US5326253A Partial combustion process and a catalyst structure for use in the process 失效
标题翻译：部分燃烧过程和用于该过程的催化剂结构
公开(公告)号：US5326253A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-05
申请号：US617975
申请日：1990-11-26
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Toru Shoji , Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Toru Shoji , Kazunori Tsurumi , Nobuyasu Ezawa
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J23/38 , B01J23/44 , B01J37/02 , F23D21/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/8628 , B01J23/38 , B01J23/44 , B01J37/0225
摘要： This invention is both a partial combustion process in which the fuel is partially combusted using specific catalysts and catalytic structures and also a catalyst structure for use in the process. The choice of catalysts and supports solves problems in the art dealing with the stability of the overall catalyst structure and ease of catalyst operation. The catalyst structure is stable due to its comparatively low operating temperature, has a low temperature at which catalytic combustion begins, and yet is not susceptible to temperature "runaway". The combustion gas produced by the catalytic process typically is below the autocombustive temperature for the gas mixture; the gas may be used at that temperature, or fed to other combustion stages for ultimate use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like.
摘要翻译：本发明既是部分燃烧过程，其中使用特定的催化剂和催化结构将燃料部分燃烧，也是用于该方法的催化剂结构。催化剂和载体的选择解决了现有技术中处理整个催化剂结构的稳定性和易于催化剂操作的问题。催化剂结构由于其相对低的操作温度是稳定的，催化燃烧开始的温度低，而且不易受温度“失控”的影响。由催化过程产生的燃烧气体通常低于气体混合物的自燃温度; 可以在该温度下使用气体，或者将其供给到燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等中最终使用的其它燃烧级。

10. 发明授权

US5259754A Partial combustion catalyst of palladium on a zirconia support and a process for using it 失效
标题翻译：钯在氧化锆载体上的部分燃烧催化剂及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5259754A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-09
申请号：US617979
申请日：1990-11-26
申请人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Kazunori Tsurumi , Toru Shoji , Robert L. Garten
发明人： Ralph A. Dalla Betta , Kazunori Tsurumi , Toru Shoji , Robert L. Garten
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01J23/38 , B01J23/44 , B01J37/02 , F23B11/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/8628 , B01J23/38 , B01J23/44 , B01J37/0225 , F01N2330/02
摘要： This invention is a catalyst comprising palladium on a support containing zirconium and a partial combustion process in which the fuel is partially combusted using that catalyst. The choice of catalysts and supports solves a problem dealing with the long term stability of palladium as a partial combustion catalyst. The catalyst structure is stable in operation, has a comparatively low operating temperature, has a low temperature at which oxidation begins, and yet is not susceptible to temperature "runaway". The combustion gas produced by the catalytic process typically is at a temperature below the autocombustive temperature and may be used at that temperature or it may be fed to other combustion stages for further use in a gas turbine, furnace, boiler, or the like.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种催化剂，其包含在含有锆的载体上的钯和部分燃烧方法，其中使用该催化剂将燃料部分燃烧。催化剂和载体的选择解决了作为部分燃烧催化剂的钯的长期稳定性的问题。催化剂结构在运行中稳定，工作温度较低，氧化开始时温度低，但不易受温度“溢流”影响。通过催化过程产生的燃烧气体通常处于低于自燃温度的温度，并且可以在该温度下使用，或者可以将其供给到其他燃烧阶段，以进一步用于燃气轮机，炉，锅炉等。

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