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1. 发明授权

US09287418B2 System and method for connection of photovoltaic arrays in series and parallel arrangements 有权
标题翻译：用于连接光伏阵列串联和并联装置的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US09287418B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-15
申请号：US13538473
申请日：2012-06-29
申请人： Prasanna S. Nirantare , Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Jun Xu , Christopher Scott Thompson
发明人： Prasanna S. Nirantare , Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Jun Xu , Christopher Scott Thompson
IPC分类号： H02J1/00 , H02J3/00 , H01L31/02 , H02J1/10 , H01L31/05
CPC分类号： H01L31/02021 , H01L31/05 , H02J1/10 , Y02E10/50 , Y10T307/653
摘要： A system and method for selectively connecting photovoltaic (PV) arrays of a PV power system in series and parallel arrangements is disclosed. A DC-to-AC power inverter in the PV power system is electrically coupled to a plurality of PV arrays to receive a DC output therefrom and invert the DC output to an AC output, with the DC-to-AC power inverter including a DC link that receives the DC output from the plurality of PV arrays. A contactor arrangement is positioned between the plurality of PV arrays and the DC-to-AC power inverter, with the contactor arrangement including a plurality of contactors that are switchable between an on state and an off state to selectively connect the plurality of PV arrays to the DC-to-AC power inverter in a specified arrangement, so as to control a level of DC voltage received by the DC-to-AC power inverter from the plurality of PV arrays.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于选择性连接PV电力系统的串联和并联装置的光伏（PV）阵列的系统和方法。 PV电力系统中的DC到AC电力逆变器电耦合到多个PV阵列以从其接收DC输出并将DC输出反转到AC输出，DC-AC电力逆变器包括DC 链路，其从多个PV阵列接收DC输出。接触器布置位于多个PV阵列和DC-AC电力逆变器之间，其中接触器装置包括可在导通状态和断开状态之间切换的多个接触器，以选择性地将多个PV阵列连接到 DC-AC电力逆变器，以便控制DC-AC电力逆变器从多个PV阵列接收的DC电压的电平。

2. 发明申请

US20140001864A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONNECTION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAYS IN SERIES AND PARALLEL ARRANGEMENTS 有权
标题翻译：系列和系列中的光伏阵列连接和并行安排的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20140001864A1
公开(公告)日：2014-01-02
申请号：US13538473
申请日：2012-06-29
申请人： Prasanna S. Nirantare , Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Jun Xu , Christopher Scott Thompson
发明人： Prasanna S. Nirantare , Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Jun Xu , Christopher Scott Thompson
IPC分类号： H02J1/10
CPC分类号： H01L31/02021 , H01L31/05 , H02J1/10 , Y02E10/50 , Y10T307/653
摘要： A system and method for selectively connecting photovoltaic (PV) arrays of a PV power system in series and parallel arrangements is disclosed. A DC-to-AC power inverter in the PV power system is electrically coupled to a plurality of PV arrays to receive a DC output therefrom and invert the DC output to an AC output, with the DC-to-AC power inverter including a DC link that receives the DC output from the plurality of PV arrays. A contactor arrangement is positioned between the plurality of PV arrays and the DC-to-AC power inverter, with the contactor arrangement including a plurality of contactors that are switchable between an on state and an off state to selectively connect the plurality of PV arrays to the DC-to-AC power inverter in a specified arrangement, so as to control a level of DC voltage received by the DC-to-AC power inverter from the plurality of PV arrays.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于选择性连接PV电力系统的串联和并联装置的光伏（PV）阵列的系统和方法。 PV电力系统中的DC到AC电力逆变器电耦合到多个PV阵列以从其接收DC输出并将DC输出反转到AC输出，DC-AC电力逆变器包括DC 链路，其从多个PV阵列接收DC输出。接触器布置位于多个PV阵列和DC-AC电力逆变器之间，其中接触器装置包括可在导通状态和断开状态之间切换的多个接触器，以选择性地将多个PV阵列连接到 DC-AC电力逆变器，以便控制DC-AC电力逆变器从多个PV阵列接收的DC电压的电平。

3. 发明授权

US08587906B2 Photovotaic system including hybrid bi-directional DC contactors and method of detection and isolation of faults therein 失效
标题翻译：包括混合双向直流接触器的光伏系统及其中的故障的检测和隔离方法
公开(公告)号：US08587906B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-19
申请号：US13440275
申请日：2012-04-05
申请人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Peter J. Theisen
发明人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Peter J. Theisen
IPC分类号： H02H3/00
CPC分类号： H02J3/383 , H01L31/02021 , Y02E10/563 , Y10T307/696
摘要： A photovoltaic (PV) power system is disclosed that includes hybrid DC contactors corresponding to each of a plurality of PV strings, with each hybrid DC contactor having main contacts, a solid state switching unit positioned in parallel with the main contacts, and sensors configured to measure a voltage and current on respective PV strings. A controller is provided in the PV power system that is configured to receive voltage and current data on the PV strings, detect a fault condition on a respective PV string based on the voltage and current data, cause the main contacts of a respective hybrid DC contactor to remain closed on each PV string for which a fault condition is detected, and cause the main contacts of a respective hybrid DC contactor to open on each PV string for which no fault condition is detected, so as to clear the fault condition.
摘要翻译：公开了一种光伏（PV）电力系统，其包括对应于多个PV串中的每一个的混合DC接触器，每个混合DC接触器具有主触点，与主触点平行定位的固态开关单元，以及被配置为测量各个PV串上的电压和电流。在PV电力系统中设置有一个控制器，其被配置为接收PV串上的电压和电流数据，基于电压和电流数据检测相应PV串上的故障状况，导致相应的混合DC接触器的主触点在检测到故障条件的每个PV串上保持闭合，并且使得各个混合DC接触器的主触点在没有检测到故障状态的每个PV串上打开，以便清除故障状况。

4. 发明申请

US20130264883A1 PHOTOVOTAIC SYSTEM INCLUDING HYBRID BI-DIRECTIONAL DC CONTACTORS AND METHOD OF DETECTION AND ISOLATION OF FAULTS THEREIN 失效
标题翻译：包括混合双向直流接触器的光伏系统及其故障检测和隔离方法
公开(公告)号：US20130264883A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-10
申请号：US13440275
申请日：2012-04-05
申请人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Peter J. Theisen
发明人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Peter J. Theisen
IPC分类号： H02J1/00
CPC分类号： H02J3/383 , H01L31/02021 , Y02E10/563 , Y10T307/696
摘要： A photovoltaic (PV) power system is disclosed that includes hybrid DC contactors corresponding to each of a plurality of PV strings, with each hybrid DC contactor having main contacts, a solid state switching unit positioned in parallel with the main contacts, and sensors configured to measure a voltage and current on respective PV strings. A controller is provided in the PV power system that is configured to receive voltage and current data on the PV strings, detect a fault condition on a respective PV string based on the voltage and current data, cause the main contacts of a respective hybrid DC contactor to remain closed on each PV string for which a fault condition is detected, and cause the main contacts of a respective hybrid DC contactor to open on each PV string for which no fault condition is detected, so as to clear the fault condition.
摘要翻译：公开了一种光伏（PV）电力系统，其包括对应于多个PV串中的每一个的混合DC接触器，每个混合DC接触器具有主触点，与主触点平行定位的固态开关单元，以及配置为测量各个PV串上的电压和电流。在PV电力系统中设置有一个控制器，其被配置为接收PV串上的电压和电流数据，基于电压和电流数据检测相应PV串上的故障状况，导致相应的混合DC接触器的主触点在检测到故障条件的每个PV串上保持闭合，并且使得各个混合DC接触器的主触点在没有检测到故障状态的每个PV串上打开，以便清除故障状况。

5. 发明授权

US08638531B2 Hybrid bi-directional DC contactor and method of controlling thereof 失效
标题翻译：混合双向直流接触器及其控制方法
公开(公告)号：US08638531B2
公开(公告)日：2014-01-28
申请号：US13325174
申请日：2011-12-14
申请人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Peter J. Theisen
发明人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Peter J. Theisen
IPC分类号： H02H3/00
CPC分类号： H01H47/18 , H01H47/32 , H01H50/045
摘要： A hybrid DC contactor includes contacts that provide a first current path between a DC power source and a load, an electromagnetic coil to position the contacts, a semiconductor switch in parallel with contacts that, when turned on, provides a second parallel current path that diverts current away from the contacts when the main contacts are being opened in either direction. A controller is provided to terminate power to the electromagnetic coil to open the contacts, detect an arc voltage across the contacts as the contacts open, provide a gate signal to the semiconductor switch to pulse the switch on for a pre-determined period of time to route current to the semiconductor switch, measure a current through the contacts and, if current is present through the contacts, then provide another gate signal to the semiconductor switch to pulse the switch on again so as to route current thereto.
摘要翻译：混合直流接触器包括提供直流电源和负载之间的第一电流路径的触点，用于定位触点的电磁线圈，与触点并联的半导体开关，当接通时，触点提供转移的第二并联电流路径当主触点沿任一方向打开时，电流远离触点。提供控制器以终止电磁线圈的电源以打开触点，当触点断开时检测触点两端的电弧电压，向半导体开关提供门信号以将开关脉冲以达到预定的时间段测量通过触点的电流，并且如果通过触点存在电流，则向半导体开关提供另一个栅极信号，以再次对该开关进行脉冲以将电流路由到其上。

6. 发明申请

US20130154774A1 HYBRID BI-DIRECTIONAL DC CONTACTOR AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING THEREOF 失效
标题翻译：混合双向直流接触器及其控制方法
公开(公告)号：US20130154774A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-20
申请号：US13325174
申请日：2011-12-14
申请人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Peter J. Theisen
发明人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Tiefu Zhao , Peter J. Theisen
IPC分类号： H01H51/06
CPC分类号： H01H47/18 , H01H47/32 , H01H50/045
摘要： A hybrid DC contactor includes contacts that provide a first current path between a DC power source and a load, an electromagnetic coil to position the contacts, a semiconductor switch in parallel with contacts that, when turned on, provides a second parallel current path that diverts current away from the contacts when the main contacts are being opened in either direction. A controller is provided to terminate power to the electromagnetic coil to open the contacts, detect an arc voltage across the contacts as the contacts open, provide a gate signal to the semiconductor switch to pulse the switch on for a pre-determined period of time to route current to the semiconductor switch, measure a current through the contacts and, if current is present through the contacts, then provide another gate signal to the semiconductor switch to pulse the switch on again so as to route current thereto.
摘要翻译：混合直流接触器包括提供直流电源和负载之间的第一电流路径的触点，用于定位触点的电磁线圈，与触点并联的半导体开关，当接通时，触点提供转移的第二并联电流路径当主触点沿任一方向打开时，电流远离触点。提供控制器以终止电磁线圈的电源以打开触点，当触点断开时检测触点两端的电弧电压，向半导体开关提供门信号以将开关脉冲以达到预定的时间段测量通过触点的电流，并且如果通过触点存在电流，则向半导体开关提供另一个栅极信号，以再次对该开关进行脉冲以将电流路由到其上。

7. 发明授权

US07256566B2 Method and apparatus for determining a maximum power point of photovoltaic cells 有权
标题翻译：用于确定光伏电池的最大功率点的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07256566B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-14
申请号：US10836121
申请日：2004-04-30
申请人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Kerry E. Grand , Anil Tuladhar
发明人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Kerry E. Grand , Anil Tuladhar
IPC分类号： H01M10/44
CPC分类号： G05F1/67 , Y02E10/58
摘要： The maximum power point (MPP) of a photovoltaic array that can be coupled to power inverter is determined. A capacitor on a DC-bus side of the inverter is used as a load from which I-V characteristics of the photovoltaic array can be generated. The photovoltaic array is connected to the capacitor, which has been previously discharged by a bleed down resistor. Short circuit current, open circuit voltage, and values of current and voltage as the capacitor charges are determined and used to generate I-V characteristics of the photovoltaic array. From the I-V characteristics, the MPP can be calculated.
摘要翻译：确定可耦合到电力逆变器的光伏阵列的最大功率点（MPP）。逆变器的直流母线侧的电容器被用作能够产生光伏阵列的I-V特性的负载。光伏阵列连接到先前由泄放电阻器放电的电容器。短路电流，开路电压以及作为电容器电荷的电流和电压值被确定并用于产生光伏阵列的I-V特性。从I-V特性可以计算MPP。

8. 发明授权

US09502904B2 Power conversion system and method providing maximum efficiency of power conversion for a photovoltaic system, and photovoltaic system employing a photovoltaic array and an energy storage device 有权
标题翻译：电力转换系统和方法为光伏系统提供最大功率转换效率，以及采用光伏阵列和能量存储装置的光伏系统
公开(公告)号：US09502904B2
公开(公告)日：2016-11-22
申请号：US12729304
申请日：2010-03-23
申请人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Richard P. Peplinski , Anish Prasai
发明人： Vijay Bhavaraju , Richard P. Peplinski , Anish Prasai
IPC分类号： H02J3/00 , H02J3/38 , H02J3/32 , H02J7/35
CPC分类号： H02J3/385 , H02J3/32 , H02J7/35 , Y02E10/566 , Y02E10/58 , Y10T307/707
摘要： A power conversion system includes a number of photovoltaic arrays, a number of inverters, a transformer, and processor. The processor is structured to control the number of inverters and operate the power conversion system to provide maximum efficiency of power conversion by the number of photovoltaic arrays, the number of inverters and the transformer, and to maximize power output from the number of photovoltaic arrays.
摘要翻译：电力转换系统包括多个光伏阵列，多个逆变器，变压器和处理器。处理器被构造为控制逆变器的数量并操作电力转换系统，以通过光伏阵列的数量，逆变器和变压器的数量提供功率转换的最大效率，并且最大化从光伏阵列的数量的功率输出。

9. 发明申请

US20120194005A1 POWER FLOW REGULATOR INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF DC-DC CONVERTERS 有权
标题翻译：功率流量调节器，包括DC-DC转换器的多样性
公开(公告)号：US20120194005A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-02
申请号：US13014768
申请日：2011-01-27
申请人： YU LIU , Christopher S. Thompson , Vijay Bhavaraju
发明人： YU LIU , Christopher S. Thompson , Vijay Bhavaraju
IPC分类号： H02J1/10
CPC分类号： H02J1/102 , H02J3/385 , Y02E10/58 , Y10T307/258 , Y10T307/469 , Y10T307/505 , Y10T307/696 , Y10T307/707
摘要： A power flow regulator includes a plurality of bi-directional DC-DC converters, each of said converters comprising a first input, a second input, a first output and a second output; and a capacitor electrically connected between the first and second inputs of each of said converters. Either the first output of each of said converters is electrically connected to a corresponding DC source and the second output of each of said converters is electrically connected to a common DC load, or the first output of each of said converters is electrically connected to a corresponding DC load and the second output of each of said converters is electrically connected to a common DC source.
摘要翻译：功率流调节器包括多个双向DC-DC转换器，每个所述转换器包括第一输入，第二输入，第一输出和第二输出; 以及电连接在每个所述转换器的第一和第二输入端之间的电容器。每个所述转换器的第一输出端电连接到对应的直流电源，并且每个所述转换器的第二输出电连接到公共直流负载，或者每个所述转换器的第一输出电连接到相应的 DC负载和每个所述转换器的第二输出电连接到公共DC源。

10. 发明授权

US08837097B2 Protection, monitoring or indication apparatus for a direct current electrical generating apparatus or a plurality of strings 有权
标题翻译：用于直流发电装置或多个串的保护，监视或指示装置
公开(公告)号：US08837097B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-16
申请号：US12795032
申请日：2010-06-07
申请人： Joseph C. Zuercher , Birger Pahl , Charles J. Luebke , Brian Thomas Pier , Jerome K. Hastings , Vijay Bhavaraju
发明人： Joseph C. Zuercher , Birger Pahl , Charles J. Luebke , Brian Thomas Pier , Jerome K. Hastings , Vijay Bhavaraju
IPC分类号： G06F1/28 , H01L31/02 , H02H7/20 , H02H3/04
CPC分类号： H02H7/20 , H01L31/02021 , H02H3/04 , H02H7/10 , Y02E10/56
摘要： A protection apparatus is for a direct current electrical generating apparatus. The protection apparatus includes a first terminal; a second terminal; a third terminal; a fourth terminal; at least one current sensor structured to sense current flowing between the first and second terminals or between the third and fourth terminals; a voltage sensor structured to sense a voltage between the first terminal and the third terminal; at least one switch structured to interrupt the current flowing between the first and second terminals or between the third and fourth terminals; and a processor cooperating with the at least one current sensor, the voltage sensor and the at least one switch, and being structured to provide feed forward fault protection for the direct current electrical generating apparatus.
摘要翻译：保护装置用于直流发电装置。保护装置包括：第一终端; 第二个终端第三个终端; 第四个终端; 至少一个电流传感器，其被构造为感测在所述第一和第二端子之间或所述第三和第四端子之间流动的电流; 电压传感器，被构造为感测第一端子和第三端子之间的电压; 至少一个开关，被构造成中断在第一和第二端子之间或第三和第四端子之间流动的电流; 以及处理器，其与所述至少一个电流传感器，所述电压传感器和所述至少一个开关配合，并被构造成为所述直流发电设备提供前馈故障保护。

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