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1. 发明授权

US5414510A Method and apparatus for measuring surface movement of an object using a polarizing interfeometer 失效
标题翻译：使用偏振干涉仪测量物体的表面运动的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5414510A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US194032
申请日：1994-02-09
申请人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
发明人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/04 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/046
摘要： A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于非破坏性地测量物体并且响应于测量来控制工业过程的系统，其中脉冲激光器通过物体中的定时增量产生多个声波。偏振干涉仪用于测量由声波引起的物体的表面移动，并通过信号光束中的相移来检测。光子倍增器检测相移并产生电信号。信号调节装置修改电信号以产生与声波相关的平均信号，该平均信号又与物体的物理或冶金特性（例如温度）相关，该属性然后可用于控制该过程。使用工件的外部随机振动来产生可辨别的信号，只有一个光子倍增器可以在干涉仪中感测到这些信号。此外，干涉仪包括用于优化其灵敏度的装置，从而可以在不透明物体中检测归因于各种波的运动。干涉仪还包括用于感测具有产生斑点光图案的粗糙表面的物体的机构。最后，干涉仪本身，添加第二个光子倍增器能够仅用一个读数精确地记录光束长度的距离差。

2. 发明授权

US5410405A Method and apparatus for measuring surface movement of a solid object that is subjected to external vibrations 失效
标题翻译：用于测量经受外部振动的固体物体的表面运动的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5410405A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-25
申请号：US160279
申请日：1993-12-02
申请人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
发明人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/04 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/046
摘要： A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于非破坏性地测量物体并且响应于测量来控制工业过程的系统，其中脉冲激光器通过物体中的定时增量产生多个声波。偏振干涉仪用于测量由声波引起的物体的表面移动，并通过信号光束中的相移来检测。光子倍增器检测相移并产生电信号。信号调节装置修改电信号以产生与声波相关的平均信号，该平均信号又与物体的物理或冶金特性（例如温度）相关，该属性然后可用于控制该过程。使用工件的外部随机振动来产生可辨别的信号，只有一个光子倍增器可以在干涉仪中感测到这些信号。此外，干涉仪包括用于优化其灵敏度的装置，从而可以在不透明物体中检测归因于各种波的运动。干涉仪还包括用于感测具有产生斑点光图案的粗糙表面的物体的机构。最后，干涉仪本身，添加第二个光子倍增器能够仅用一个读数精确地记录光束长度的距离差。

3. 发明授权

US5623307A Apparatus for measuring surface movement of an object that is subjected to external vibrations 失效
标题翻译：用于测量受到外部振动的物体的表面运动的装置
公开(公告)号：US5623307A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-22
申请号：US381201
申请日：1995-01-31
申请人： Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
发明人： Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/04 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/046
摘要： A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于非破坏性地测量物体并且响应于测量来控制工业过程的系统，其中脉冲激光器通过物体中的定时增量产生多个声波。偏振干涉仪用于测量由声波引起的物体的表面移动，并通过信号光束中的相移来检测。光子倍增器检测相移并产生电信号。信号调节装置修改电信号以产生与声波相关的平均信号，该平均信号又与物体的物理或冶金特性（例如温度）相关，该属性然后可用于控制该过程。使用工件的外部随机振动来产生可辨别的信号，只有一个光子倍增器可以在干涉仪中感测到这些信号。此外，干涉仪包括用于优化其灵敏度的装置，从而可以在不透明物体中检测归因于各种波的运动。干涉仪还包括用于感测具有产生斑点光图案的粗糙表面的物体的机构。最后，干涉仪本身，添加第二个光子倍增器能够仅用一个读数精确地记录光束长度的距离差。

4. 发明授权

US5404224A Polarizing optical interferometer having a dual use optical element 失效
标题翻译：具有双用途光学元件的偏振光学干涉仪
公开(公告)号：US5404224A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US160730
申请日：1993-12-02
申请人： Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
发明人： Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/04 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/046
摘要： A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于非破坏性地测量物体并且响应于测量来控制工业过程的系统，其中脉冲激光器通过物体中的定时增量产生多个声波。偏振干涉仪用于测量由声波引起的物体的表面移动，并通过信号光束中的相移来检测。光子倍增器检测相移并产生电信号。信号调节装置修改电信号以产生与声波相关的平均信号，该平均信号又与物体的物理或冶金特性（例如温度）相关，该属性然后可用于控制该过程。使用工件的外部随机振动来产生可辨别的信号，只有一个光子倍增器可以在干涉仪中感测到这些信号。此外，干涉仪包括用于优化其灵敏度的装置，从而可以在不透明物体中检测归因于各种波的运动。干涉仪还包括用于感测具有产生斑点光图案的粗糙表面的物体的机构。最后，干涉仪本身，添加第二个光子倍增器能够仅用一个读数精确地记录光束长度的距离差。

5. 发明授权

US5402233A Furnace control apparatus using polarizing interferometer 失效
标题翻译：使用偏光干涉仪的炉控制装置
公开(公告)号：US5402233A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US132851
申请日：1993-10-07
申请人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
发明人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/04 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/046
摘要： A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于非破坏性地测量物体并且响应于测量来控制工业过程的系统，其中脉冲激光器通过物体中的定时增量产生多个声波。偏振干涉仪用于测量由声波引起的物体的表面移动，并通过信号光束中的相移来检测。光子倍增器检测相移并产生电信号。信号调节装置修改电信号以产生与声波相关的平均信号，该平均信号又与物体的物理或冶金特性（例如温度）相关，该属性然后可用于控制该过程。使用工件的外部随机振动来产生可辨别的信号，只有一个光子倍增器可以在干涉仪中感测到这些信号。此外，干涉仪包括用于优化其灵敏度的装置，从而可以在不透明物体中检测归因于各种波的运动。干涉仪还包括用于感测具有产生斑点光图案的粗糙表面的物体的机构。最后，干涉仪本身，添加第二个光子倍增器能够仅用一个读数精确地记录光束长度的距离差。

6. 发明授权

US5286313A Process control system using polarizing interferometer 失效
标题翻译：使用偏光干涉仪的过程控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5286313A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US785787
申请日：1991-10-31
申请人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
发明人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/04 , G01H5/00
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/046
摘要： A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于非破坏性地测量物体并且响应于测量来控制工业过程的系统，其中脉冲激光器通过物体中的定时增量产生多个声波。偏振干涉仪用于测量由声波引起的物体的表面移动，并通过信号光束中的相移来检测。光子倍增器检测相移并产生电信号。信号调节装置修改电信号以产生与声波相关的平均信号，该平均信号又与物体的物理或冶金特性（例如温度）相关，该属性然后可用于控制该过程。使用工件的外部随机振动来产生可辨别的信号，只有一个光子倍增器可以在干涉仪中感测到这些信号。此外，干涉仪包括用于优化其灵敏度的装置，从而可以在不透明物体中检测归因于各种波的运动。干涉仪还包括用于感测具有产生斑点光图案的粗糙表面的物体的机构。最后，干涉仪本身，添加第二个光子倍增器能够仅用一个读数精确地记录光束长度的距离差。

7. 发明授权

US5604592A Laser ultrasonics-based material analysis system and method using matched filter processing 失效
标题翻译：激光超声波材料分析系统和方法采用匹配滤波处理
公开(公告)号：US5604592A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-18
申请号：US482782
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Petros A. Kotidis , James F. Cunningham , Paul F. Gozewski , Charles Borsody , Daniel E. Klimek , Jaime A. Woodroffe
发明人： Petros A. Kotidis , James F. Cunningham , Paul F. Gozewski , Charles Borsody , Daniel E. Klimek , Jaime A. Woodroffe
IPC分类号： G01N29/00 , G01N21/17 , G01N21/45 , G01N29/04 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/22 , G01N29/24 , G01N29/32 , G01N29/34 , G01N29/44 , H01S5/022 , H01S5/14 , G01B9/02 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01N21/1717 , G01N29/041 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/228 , G01N29/2418 , G01N29/2456 , G01N29/326 , G01N29/348 , G01N29/4427 , H01S5/141 , G01N2291/011 , G01N2291/015 , G01N2291/0237 , G01N2291/0251 , G01N2291/02827 , G01N2291/02854 , G01N2291/0421 , G01N2291/0422 , G01N2291/0423 , G01N2291/0427 , G01N2291/044 , G01N2291/045 , G01N2291/102 , G01N2291/2697 , H01S3/08004 , H01S3/106 , H01S5/02208 , H01S5/02292
摘要： Disclosed herein is an interferometric-based materials analysis system (10) that employs a novel combination of laser beam shaping and pointing techniques, the use of a low cost, rugged, and compact diode laser (22) as a detection laser, and the use of signal processing techniques that compensate for inherent instabilities and short-term drift in the diode laser. A matched filter processing technique is disclosed for processing interferometrically-obtained data points from a target being analyzed. The matched filter technique is shown to be especially useful for detecting and analyzing Lamb modes within thin targets, such as a silicon wafer undergoing a rapid thermal processing cycle. Also disclosed is a method and apparatus for interferometrically monitoring a target to determine, in accordance with predetermined criteria, an occurrence of a period of time that is optimum for obtaining a data point. In response to detecting such a period an impulse source, such as an impulse laser (14), is triggered to launch an elastic wave within the target so that a data point can be obtained. A plurality of data points so obtained are subsequently processed, such as by the matched filter technique, to determine a property of interest of the target. The property of interest may be, by example, the temperature of the target or the metallurgical status of the target.
摘要翻译：本文公开了一种基于干涉测量的材料分析系统（10），其采用激光束成形和指向技术的新颖组合，使用低成本，坚固和紧凑的二极管激光器（22）作为检测激光器，以及使用的信号处理技术，补偿二极管激光器的固有不稳定性和短期漂移。公开了一种用于从被分析的目标处理干涉测量获得的数据点的匹配滤波处理技术。显示匹配滤波器技术特别适用于检测和分析薄目标（如经历快速热处理循环的硅晶片）中的兰姆模式。还公开了一种用于对目标进行干涉测量的方法和装置，以根据预定标准确定对于获得数据点是最佳的一段时间的出现。响应于检测到这样的周期，触发诸如脉冲激光器（14）的脉冲源来在目标内发射弹性波，从而可以获得数据点。随后如例如通过匹配滤波器技术处理如此获得的多个数据点，以确定目标的感兴趣的属性。感兴趣的属性可以是例如目标的温度或目标的冶金状态。

8. 发明授权

US06694285B1 Method and apparatus for monitoring rotating machinery 有权
标题翻译：用于监测旋转机械的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06694285B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-17
申请号：US09268106
申请日：1999-03-13
申请人： Howard C. Choe , Alan C. Chachich , Jaime A. Woodroffe
发明人： Howard C. Choe , Alan C. Chachich , Jaime A. Woodroffe
IPC分类号： G06F1130
CPC分类号： G01H1/003
摘要： A monitoring method and device which is capable of determining the overall fitness or condition of the device being monitored while simultaneously detecting unknown or unrecognized vibration frequencies. In addition, setting threshold values corresponding to the environment surrounding the device reduces the incidence of false alarms. False alarms may be controlled while detection of true alarms may be maximized by assigning values indicative of thresholds crossed and averaging the values before issuing an alarm. The monitoring system may also provide detailed information as to the operating condition of the device so as to allow the device to operate closer to its margin of safety. Thus, the device may handle more power or speed, without the need to modify the physical design. In addition, an onboard processing unit may be used to determine when the physical load on the device is approaching its physical limits and warn the operator so as to prevent the device from exceeding those limits.
摘要翻译：一种监测方法和装置，其能够在同时检测未知或未识别的振动频率的同时确定被监测装置的整体适合度或状态。另外，设置与设备周围的环境相对应的阈值可以减少误报的发生。可以通过分配表示阈值的值并在发出警报之前平均值来指定真实警报的检测来最大化，从而可以控制虚假警报。监视系统还可以提供关于设备的操作状态的详细信息，以便允许设备操作更接近其安全边缘。因此，该设备可以处理更多的功率或速度，而不需要修改物理设计。此外，可以使用车载处理单元来确定装置上的物理负载何时接近其物理极限并警告操作者，以防止装置超过这些限制。

9. 发明授权

US5044942A Cement shaft suspension furnace and process 失效
标题翻译：水泥轴悬浮炉及工艺
公开(公告)号：US5044942A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US571742
申请日：1990-08-23
申请人： Ashok U. Chatwani , Rajiv Tiwary , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Oswald L. Zappa
发明人： Ashok U. Chatwani , Rajiv Tiwary , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Oswald L. Zappa
IPC分类号： C04B7/45 , F27B15/02
CPC分类号： F27B15/02 , C04B7/45
摘要： Process and furnace for producing clinkered cement pellets from pellets of cement-forming batch materials without melting, fusion and agglomeration of said pellets. The furnace comprises an elongate vertical suspension shaft having top, intermediate and bottom portions. Pellets are fed at the top and heated to calcining temperatures before exiting the shaft into a pre-clinkering zone beyond the bottom. The pellets are heated to pre-clinkering temperatures and deposited on a porous pellet bed through which cooling air is forced to control the exothermic clinkering reaction and to regulate the speed at which the pellets migrate through the shaft.
摘要翻译：用于生产熟料水泥颗粒的方法和炉子，其从水泥成型批料的颗粒生产而不熔化，熔融和聚集所述颗粒。该炉包括具有顶部，中间和底部的细长垂直悬挂轴。颗粒在顶部进料并在离开轴之前加热至煅烧温度进入超过底部的预熟化区域。将颗粒加热至预熟化温度并沉积在多孔颗粒床上，冷却空气通过该颗粒床被迫控制放热的熟料反应并调节颗粒通过轴移动的速度。

10. 发明授权

US4922840A Sulfur equilibrium desulfurization of sulfur containing products of combustion 失效
标题翻译：含硫产品的硫平衡脱硫燃烧
公开(公告)号：US4922840A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US287731
申请日：1988-12-21
申请人： Jaime A. Woodroffe , Jeevan S. Abichandani
发明人： Jaime A. Woodroffe , Jeevan S. Abichandani
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , F23C3/00 , F23C5/00 , F23J7/00
CPC分类号： F23C3/00 , B01D53/508 , F23C5/00 , F23J7/00
摘要： A method of combustion of a sulfur-containing fuel which substantially reduces the amount of gaseous sulfur compounds which would otherwise be emitted. A sorbent is injected into products of combustion in the temperature range of about 1600-2400 K. and above resulting from the combustion, gasification or the like, of a sulfur-containing fuel and controlling gas-sorbent particle mixing, gas diffusion, forward and reverse reaction kinetics, particle size, particle temperature, and sorbent particle residence time in the products of combustion to effect substantially maximum capture of sulfur by the sorbent particles and thereafter removal of the sorbent particles before any substantial amount of sulfur captured by the sorbent is lost back to the products of combustion from which it was removed.
摘要翻译：一种含硫燃料的燃烧方法，其基本上减少否则将被排放的气态硫化合物的量。在约1600-2400K的温度范围内将吸附剂注入到燃烧产物中，并由燃烧，气化等产生的含硫燃料和控制气体 - 吸附剂颗粒混合，气体扩散，向前和在燃烧产物中的逆反应动力学，粒度，颗粒温度和吸附剂颗粒停留时间，以通过吸附剂颗粒基本上最大程度地捕获硫，然后在吸附剂捕获的任何显着量的硫之前除去吸附剂颗粒回到被除去的燃烧产物。

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