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    • 4. 发明申请
    • Three-dimensional printing apparatus and methods of manufacture including sterilization or disinfection, for example, using ultraviolet light
    • 三维印刷装置和制造方法,包括例如使用紫外线的灭菌或消毒
    • US20050061241A1
    • 2005-03-24
    • US10891440
    • 2004-07-14
    • Thomas WestQing LiuPeter MaternaAlfred LitwakChristopher Gaylo
    • Thomas WestQing LiuPeter MaternaAlfred LitwakChristopher Gaylo
    • A61L2/10A61L2/20B29C35/08B29C67/00B05C5/00
    • A61L2/208A61L2/10A61L2/206B29C64/165B29C2035/0827B29C2791/005B33Y10/00B33Y30/00B33Y40/00
    • The invention includes a three-dimensional printing (3DP) machine that has at least one ultraviolet (UV) light source directed at powder or slurry being processed by the 3DP machine and/or directed at any of various surfaces or machine components, in a manner suitable to kill or damage microorganisms to a desired extent. The UV light sources may be either stationary or movable, and may be either pulsed or substantially continuous, and may operate in any desired sequence and timing with respect to other operations performed by the machine. The invention may include ultraviolet illumination in such a way as to interact with powder to sterilize or disinfect powder either while the powder is stationary or, alternatively, as powder is being moved from one place to another within the 3DP machine, or both. The invention also includes methods of performing three-dimensional printing using such illumination. The invention also includes the combination of other methods of sterilization or disinfection with the use of ultraviolet light. The invention also includes the use of ultraviolet light sources for a combination of polymerization/cross-linking in addition to sterilization/disinfection.
    • 本发明包括三维打印(3DP)机器,其具有至少一个紫外线(UV)光源,其以粉末或浆料的形式被3DP机器处理和/或以各种表面或机器部件的任何一种方式 适合杀死或损害微生物至所需程度。 UV光源可以是静止的或可移动的,并且可以是脉冲的或基本上连续的,并且可以相对于由机器执行的其它操作以任何期望的顺序和定时操作。 本发明可以包括紫外线照射,以便与粉末相互作用以在粉末静止时或者当粉末在3DP机器内从一个位置移动到另一个位置时消除粉末或二者兼而有之。 本发明还包括使用这种照明进行三维打印的方法。 本发明还包括灭菌或消毒的其它方法与紫外线的组合。 本发明还包括除灭菌/消毒之外使用紫外光源用于聚合/交联的组合。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • Method and system of printheads using electrically conductive solvents
    • 使用导电溶剂的打印头的方法和系统
    • US20050007430A1
    • 2005-01-13
    • US10808726
    • 2004-03-24
    • Charles RowePeter MaternaThomas West
    • Charles RowePeter MaternaThomas West
    • B41J2/02C09D11/00H01B1/12B41J2/17
    • C09D11/36B41J2/02C09D11/38H01B1/122
    • A composition having an electrical conductivity sufficient to enable droplets to be easily charged when printing through a continuous jet with deflection printhead. The composition may include a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, a co-solvent that is miscible with the halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, and a conductivity enhancing substance. The halogenated hydrocarbon solvent may be chloroform, and the co-solvent may be an alcohol, such as methanol or ethanol. The conductivity enhancing substance may be a salt that dissociates upon dissolution to form ions, or may be an acid or a polymer. The conductivity enhancing substance may be chosen to be benign if left in a printed product. The conductivity enhancing substance may be chosen to be volatile so as to be able to evaporate from whatever it is printed upon, and specifically may be chosen to be a liquid at room temperature. The conductivity enhancing substance may be chosen so as to comprise only carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen, and in particular may be an ammonium salt; elements commonly found in bodily tissue. Alternatively, the conductivity enhancing substance may be chosen so as to contain ions of metals but only of certain specific metals.
    • 具有足够的电导率的组合物,以便当通过具有偏转打印头的连续射流打印时能够使液滴容易地充电。 组合物可以包括卤代烃溶剂,可与卤代烃溶剂混溶的共溶剂和导电性增强物质。 卤代烃溶剂可以是氯仿,共溶剂可以是醇,如甲醇或乙醇。 电导率增强物质可以是在溶解时离解形成离子的盐,或者可以是酸或聚合物。 如果留在印刷产品中,则导电性增强物质可以选择为良性的。 电导率增强物质可以选择为挥发性的,以便能够从其印刷的任何物质蒸发,并且具体地可以在室温下选择为液体。 电导率增强物质可以选择为仅包含碳,氧,氢和氮,特别是铵盐; 通常在身体组织中发现的元素。 或者,可以选择导电性增强物质以包含金属的离子,但仅包含某些特定的金属。