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1. 发明授权

US5177562A Stability compensated broadband source and fiber interferometer 失效
标题翻译：稳定补偿宽带源和光纤干涉仪
公开(公告)号：US5177562A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-05
申请号：US880290
申请日：1992-05-04
申请人： Paul F. Wysocki , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Paul F. Wysocki , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01C19/72 , H01S3/067
CPC分类号： G01B9/0209 , G01C19/721 , H01S3/06795 , G01B2290/70
摘要： The present invention discloses a thermally stable rare-earth doped fiber source comprising an active medium such as Erbium or Neodymium. The thermal stability of the mean wavelength of such a source is determined by three contributions as expressed by the following differential equation: ##EQU1## The first term is the intrinsic temperature dependence of the active medium, the second term is the pump power dependence and the third term is a contribution that arises from the dependence of the emission wavelength on the pump wavelength. The method of the present invention minimizes the temperature dependence on the mean wavelength by using the above equation and optimizing the values of the pump power and the pump wavelength so that the three contributions in the governing equation cancel each other.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种包含铒或钕等活性介质的热稳定性稀土掺杂光纤源。这种源的平均波长的热稳定性由以下微分方程表示的三个贡献确定：第一项是活性介质的固有温度依赖性，第二项是泵浦功率依赖性，第三项是由发射波长对泵浦波长的依赖性引起的贡献。本发明的方法通过使用上述方程使对平均波长的温度依赖性最小化，并优化泵功率和泵浦波长的值，使得控制方程中的三个贡献相互抵消。

2. 发明授权

US5255274A Broadband laser source 失效
标题翻译：宽带激光源
公开(公告)号：US5255274A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-19
申请号：US895602
申请日：1992-06-08
申请人： Paul F. Wysocki , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim
发明人： Paul F. Wysocki , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： H01S3/06795
摘要： A laser source comprises an optical fiber doped with a homogeneously broadened lasing medium, preferably with Erbium, pumped by a laser pump source and an intracavity acousto-optic modulator. When the acousto-optic modulator is driven by a variable frequency source, the Erbium fluorescence line emitted by the Erbium-doped optical fiber can be electronically tuned. In another embodiment, an electronic sweep waveform is used to frequency modulate the acoustic signal produced by the acousto-optic modulator. Without the low-rate frequency modulation, Erbium in a silica optical fiber is a mostly homogeneously broadened gain medium with a narrow laser linewidth. When measured on a long time scale, low-rate frequency modulation provides a broader spectral width, on the order of 19 nm, which makes such a source an ideal source for certain optical applications such as fiber optic gyroscopes.
摘要翻译：激光源包括掺杂有均匀扩展的激光介质的光纤，优选地由铒掺杂，由激光泵浦源和腔内声光调制器泵浦。当声光调制器由可变频率源驱动时，掺铒光纤发射的铒荧光线可以被电子调谐。在另一个实施例中，使用电子扫描波形来对由声光调制器产生的声信号进行频率调制。在没有低速率频率调制的情况下，二氧化硅光纤中的铒是激光线宽窄的大部分均匀的增宽介质。当在长时间尺度上测量时，低速率频率调制提供了更宽的光谱宽度，约为19nm，这使得这种光源成为诸如光纤陀螺仪之类的某些光学应用的理想光源。

3. 发明授权

US5189676A Broadband laser source 失效
标题翻译：宽带激光源
公开(公告)号：US5189676A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-23
申请号：US403703
申请日：1989-09-06
申请人： Paul F. Wysocki , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim
发明人： Paul F. Wysocki , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim
IPC分类号： H01S3/067
CPC分类号： H01S3/06795
摘要： A laser source comprises an optical fiber doped with a homogeneously broadened lasing medium, preferably with Erbium, pumped by a laser pump source and an intracavity acousto-optic modulator. When the acousto-optic modulator is driven by a variable frequency source, the Erbium fluorescence line emitted by the Erbium-doped optical fiber can be electronically tuned. In another embodiment, an electronic sweep waveform is used to frequency modulate the acoustic signal produced by the acousto-optic modulator. Without the low-rate frequency modulation, Erbium in a silica optical fiber is a mostly homogeneously broadened gain medium with a narrow laser linewidth. When measured on a long time scale, low-rate frequency modulation provides a broader spectral width, on the order of 19 nm, which makes such a source on an ideal source for certain optical applications such as fiber optic gyroscopes.
摘要翻译：激光源包括掺杂有均匀扩展的激光介质的光纤，优选地由铒掺杂，由激光泵浦源和腔内声光调制器泵浦。当声光调制器由可变频率源驱动时，掺铒光纤发射的铒荧光线可以被电子调谐。在另一个实施例中，使用电子扫描波形来对由声光调制器产生的声信号进行频率调制。在没有低速率频率调制的情况下，二氧化硅光纤中的铒是激光线宽窄的大部分均匀的增宽介质。当在长时间尺度上测量时，低速率频率调制提供了更宽的光谱宽度，大约为19nm，这使得这样的光源成为诸如光纤陀螺仪之类的某些光学应用的理想光源。

4. 发明授权

US4964131A Broadband optical fiber laser 失效
标题翻译：宽带光纤激光器
公开(公告)号：US4964131A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-16
申请号：US319241
申请日：1989-03-09
申请人： Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01C19/72 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/0941
CPC分类号： G01C19/721 , H01S3/06795 , H01S3/0941 , H01S3/094003
摘要： An optical fiber laser includes a single-mode optical fiber doped with a lasing material such as Neodymium. The optical fiber is pumped with a pump optical signal having a pump wavelength selected to cause spontaneous emission of an optical signal at a second wavelength different from the pump wavelength. The optical fiber is formed into a laser cavity such as by including a suitable reflector at each of the two ends of a suitable length of the optical fiber so that the emitted optical signal oscillates therein. One of the reflectors has a reflectivity at the wavelength of the emitted light so that most (e.g., approximately 95%) of the emitted light is reflected back into the laser cavity and a smaller portion (e.g, approximately 5%) is transmitted through the mirror as a laser output signal. Alternatively, the optical fiber can be formed into a ring laser structure using an optical coupler that couples a substantial portion (e.g., approximately 95%) of the emitted light back into the ring for recirculation therein and provides a smaller portion of the emitted light (e.g., approximately 5%) as a laser output signal. The wavelength of the pump optical signal is selected to be outside the pump variable tuning range of the Neodymium-doped optical fiber (i.e., the range of pump wavelengths which stimulate emitted wavelengths having a average wavelengths with a generally one-to-one correspondence to the pump wavelength). Pumping with a pump signal outside the pump variable tuning ranges causes the emitted light to have a broad spectral envelope of longitudinal modes having emission wavelengths corresponding to substantially all the pump variable tuning range. Thus, by pumping the optical fiber with a single pump wavelength, a broadband laser output signal is generated.
摘要翻译：光纤激光器包括掺杂有诸如钕的激光材料的单模光纤。用选择了泵浦波长的泵浦光信号来泵浦光纤，以引起与泵浦波长不同的第二波长的光信号的自发发射。光纤被形成为激光腔，例如通过在光纤的适当长度的两端中的每一端包括合适的反射器，使得所发射的光信号在其中振荡。反射器中的一个在发射光的波长处具有反射率，使得大部分（例如，大约95％）的发射光被反射回到激光腔中，并且较小的部分（例如，大约5％）通过镜像为激光输出信号。或者，可以使用光耦合器将光纤形成为环形激光器结构，所述光耦合器将发射的光的大部分（例如，大约95％）重新连接到环中以在其中再循环，并且提供较小部分的发射光例如约5％）作为激光输出信号。泵浦光信号的波长被选择在掺杂钕光纤的泵可变调谐范围之外（即，泵浦波长的范围，其激发平均波长与一般一一对应的发射波长泵浦波长）。在泵可变调谐范围之外用泵浦信号泵送使得发射的光具有宽泛的光谱包络，其具有与基本上所有泵可变调谐范围对应的发射波长的纵向模式。因此，通过用单个泵浦波长泵浦光纤，产生宽带激光输出信号。

5. 发明授权

US4938556A Superfluorescent broadband fiber laser source 失效
标题翻译：超荧光宽带光纤激光源
公开(公告)号：US4938556A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-03
申请号：US281088
申请日：1988-12-07
申请人： Michel J. F. Digonnet , Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw , John J. Fling
发明人： Michel J. F. Digonnet , Karen Liu , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw , John J. Fling
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094 , H04B10/17 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04B10/2912 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094003 , H04B10/291 , H04J14/02 , H01S3/06787 , H01S3/094011
摘要： A superfluorescent broadband fiber laser source comprises a fiber doped with laser material coupled to a multiplexing coupler. In the preferred embodiment, a source of pumping illumination provides pumping light to the doped fiber, and the coupler is adjusted to have a 0% coupling efficiency at the wavelength of the source. The pumping light is sufficiently intense to produce amplified spontaneous emission within the doped fiber, and gives rise to a forward signal and a backward signal. One of the superfluorescent signals is reflected back to the doped fiber by a reflector cemented to one end of the doped fiber or to one end of another fiber through the coupling function of the coupler. The coupler is adjusted to provide complete coupling at the frequency of the lasing light. The temperature dependence of the coupler can be selected to reduce or cancel the temperature dependence of the superfluorescent signal. Other arrangements utilizing the multiplexing properties of the coupler are also described. An all-fiber reflector can also be used.

6. 发明授权

US5108183A Interferometer utilizing superfluorescent optical source 失效
标题翻译：干涉仪采用超荧光光源
公开(公告)号：US5108183A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-28
申请号：US565248
申请日：1990-08-09
申请人： John J. Fling , Byoung Y. Kim , Kenneth A. Fesler , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： John J. Fling , Byoung Y. Kim , Kenneth A. Fesler , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01C19/72 , G01P3/36 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： G01C19/721 , G01P3/36
摘要： An improved broadband light source for a Sagnac interferometer includes a waveguide, such as a fluorescent optical fiber, that is pumped by a pump source with a sufficient intensity to generate temporally incoherent light. The fluorescent optical fiber has first and second ends, one end being an input end of the fiber. The broadband light is provided at an output of the fluorescent optical fiber and is input to the interferometer. In order to prevent laser oscillations between the light source and the interferometer, one end of the fluorescent optical fiber is formed so as to prevent reflections. The light output from the fluorescent fiber to the interferometer comprises only that light that initially propagates toward the output of the optical fiber. In one embodiment of the light source, the pump light from the pump source is coupled into the fluorescent optical fiber in a direction so that it travels away from the output of the fluorescent optical fiber towards the first end. In an alternative embodiment, the fluorescent optical fiber is a doubly clad optical fiber having a first acceptance region and a second acceptance region at the first end. The pump light is introduced into an aperture window between the two acceptance regions so that the pump light can be introduced into the first end at an angle without requiring a reflective surface at the first end.
摘要翻译：用于Sagnac干涉仪的改进的宽带光源包括诸如荧光光纤的波导，其由泵浦源以足够的强度泵浦以产生时间上不相干的光。荧光光纤具有第一和第二端，一端是光纤的输入端。宽带光被提供在荧光光纤的输出处，并被输入到干涉仪。为了防止光源和干涉仪之间的激光振荡，形成荧光光纤的一端以防止反射。从荧光纤维到干涉仪的光输出仅包括最初向光纤的输出传播的光。在光源的一个实施例中，来自泵浦源的泵浦光沿着使得其从荧光光纤的输出朝着第一端行进的方向耦合到荧光光纤中。在替代实施例中，荧光光纤是在第一端具有第一接收区和第二接收区的双包层光纤。泵浦光被引入两个接受区域之间的孔眼窗口中，使得泵浦光可以一角度被引入第一端，而不需要第一端的反射表面。

7. 发明授权

US5106193A Optical waveguide amplifier source gyroscope 失效
标题翻译：光波导放大器源光源
公开(公告)号：US5106193A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-21
申请号：US565255
申请日：1990-08-09
申请人： Kenneth A. Fesler , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Kenneth A. Fesler , Michel J. F. Digonnet , Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01B9/02 , G01C19/64 , G01C19/72 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/036 , G02F1/35 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/10
CPC分类号： G01B9/0209 , G01B9/0201 , G01C19/64 , G01B2290/70
摘要： An improved broadband light source for a Sagnac interferometer includes a fluorescent optical medium that is pumped by light from a pump source with a sufficient intensity to cause the fluorescent optical medium to generate temporally incoherent light by superfluorescence. In the preferred embodiment, the superfluorescent optical medium comprises an optical fiber which is backward pumped. The signal output from the interferometer loop is amplified by the optical gain of the superfluorescent fiber which acts as a light source and as an amplifier. In order to avoid gain modulation in the superflorescent fiber, the modulation frequency is selected so that the modulation gain depth is substantially reduced.

8. 发明授权

US4832437A Fiber optic inter-mode coupling single side band frequency shifter 失效
标题翻译：光纤互耦合单边带变频器
公开(公告)号：US4832437A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-23
申请号：US48142
申请日：1987-05-11
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw , Helege E. Engan , James N. Blake
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim , Herbert J. Shaw , Helege E. Engan , James N. Blake
IPC分类号： G02B6/14 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/01
CPC分类号： G02B6/14 , G02B6/2821 , G02F1/0134
摘要： An optical fiber is subjected to a series of traveling flexural waves propagating along a length of the fiber. At least a portion of an optical signal propagating within the optical fiber in a first propagation mode is coupled to a second propagation mode. The optical signal in the second propagation mode has a frequency which is equal to either the sum of or the difference between the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode and the frequency of the traveling flexural waves. The frequency of the optical signal in the second propagation mode is shifted upward or downward from the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode as determined by the direction of propagation of the first optical signal with respect to the direction of propagation of the traveling flexural waves, and as also determined by whether the phase propagation velocity of the optical signal in the first propagation mode is greater than or less than the propagation velocity of the optical signal in the second propagation mode.
摘要翻译：光纤经受沿纤维长度传播的一系列行进弯曲波。以第一传播模式在光纤内传播的光信号的至少一部分耦合到第二传播模式。第二传播模式中的光信号具有等于第一传播模式中的光信号的频率与行进的弯曲波的频率的和之和的频率的频率。第二传播模式中的光信号的频率从第一传播模式中的光信号的频率向上或向下偏移，由第一光信号相对于传播的传播方向的传播方向确定弯曲波，并且还根据第一传播模式中的光信号的相位传播速度是否大于或小于第二传播模式中的光信号的传播速度来确定。

9. 发明授权

US4895421A Dynamic couplers using two-mode optical waveguides 失效
标题翻译：使用双模光波导的动态耦合器
公开(公告)号：US4895421A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-23
申请号：US189050
申请日：1988-05-02
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim , Hee G. Park , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim , Hee G. Park , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G02B6/14 , G02B6/34 , G02F1/35 , H04B10/2569
CPC分类号： H04B10/2569 , G02B6/02047 , G02B6/14 , G02B6/4215 , G02F1/3515 , G02B6/2931 , G02B6/29311 , G02B6/29344 , Y10S359/90
摘要： An optical mode coupling apparatus includes an optical waveguide in which an optical signal at a signal wavelength propagates in a first spatial propagation mode and a second spatial propagation mode of the waveguide. The optical signal propagating in the waveguide has a beat length. The coupling apparatus includes a source of perturbational light signal at a perturbational wavelength that propagates in the waveguide in the first spatial propagation mode. The perturbational signal has a sufficient intensity distribution in the waveguide that it causes a perturbation of the effective refractive index of the first spatial propagation mode of the waveguide in accordance with the optical Kerr effect. The perturbation of the effective refractive index of the first spatial propagation mode of the optical waveguide causes a change in the differential phase delay in the optical signal propagating in the first and second spatial propagation modes. The change in the differential phase delay is detected as a change in the intensity distribution between two lobes of the optical intensity distribution pattern of an output signal. The perturbational light signal can be selectively enabled and disabled to selectively change the intensity distribution in the two lobes of the optical intensity distribution pattern.
摘要翻译：光模耦合装置包括光波导，其中信号波长的光信号以波导的第一空间传播模式和第二空间传播模式传播。在波导中传播的光信号具有拍子长度。耦合装置包括在第一空间传播模式下在波导中传播的扰动波长的扰动光信号源。扰动信号在波导中具有足够的强度分布，其根据光学克尔效应引起波导的第一空间传播模式的有效折射率的扰动。光波导的第一空间传播模式的有效折射率的扰动导致在第一和第二空间传播模式中传播的光信号中的差分相位延迟的变化。差分相位延迟的变化被检测为输出信号的光强度分布图案的两个波瓣之间的强度分布的变化。扰动光信号可以选择性地启用和禁用，以选择性地改变光强度分布图案的两个波瓣中的强度分布。

10. 发明授权

US4770535A Distributed sensor array and method using a pulsed signal source 失效
标题翻译：分布式传感器阵列和使用脉冲信号源的方法
公开(公告)号：US4770535A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-13
申请号：US877296
申请日：1986-06-23
申请人： Byoung Y. Kim , Moshe Tur , Janet L. Brooks , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
发明人： Byoung Y. Kim , Moshe Tur , Janet L. Brooks , Kenneth A. Fesler , Herbert J. Shaw
IPC分类号： G01J1/02 , G01D5/353 , G01H9/00 , G01J9/02 , G01R15/24 , G08C23/04 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01D5/35383
摘要： A distributed sensor system using pulsed optical signals optionally produced by a short coherence length source to provide a phase difference output signal representative of conditions affecting a selected sensor. In one preferred embodiment, an array of fiber-optic sensors are organized in a ladder configuration, with the sensors positioned in spaced relation and defining the rungs of the ladder. Light pulses transmitted through the sensors are multiplexed onto a return arm of the ladder. The multiplexed signals are received by an optical fiber compensating interferometer which coherently couples portions of adjacent multiplexed light signals to produce a phase difference signal representing conditions influencing selected sensors. In other preferred embodiments, the system is configured to define a plurality of adjacent Mach-Zehnder interferometers which provide output signal pairs which coherently couple to yield a phase difference signal directly representing the environmental effects on a particular sensor. Functional equivalents of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer configurations comprise configurations including adjacent Michelson interferometers. A phase and amplitude modulation technique is disclosed for providing heterodyned output signals from the distributed sensor system.
摘要翻译：使用脉冲光信号的分布式传感器系统，其可选地由短相干长度源产生，以提供表示影响所选传感器的条件的相位差输出信号。在一个优选实施例中，光纤传感器阵列以梯形结构组织，传感器以间隔关系定位并限定梯子的梯级。通过传感器传输的光脉冲被复用到梯子的返回臂上。复用的信号由光纤补偿干涉仪接收，该干涉仪相干地耦合相邻复用光信号的部分，以产生表示影响所选传感器的条件的相位差信号。在其它优选实施例中，该系统被配置为限定多个相邻的马赫 - 曾德尔干涉仪，其提供相干耦合以产生直接表示对特定传感器的环境影响的相位差信号的输出信号对。 Mach-Zehnder干涉仪配置的功能等同物包括相邻的迈克尔逊干涉仪。公开了一种用于从分布式传感器系统提供外差输出信号的相位和幅度调制技术。

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