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1. 发明授权

US4476982A Method and apparatus for grading articles according to their surface color 失效
标题翻译：根据其表面颜色对物品进行分级的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4476982A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-16
申请号：US433245
申请日：1982-10-07
申请人： Paul F. Paddock , William G. Krage , Tim D. Conway
发明人： Paul F. Paddock , William G. Krage , Tim D. Conway
IPC分类号： B07C5/342
CPC分类号： B07C5/342
摘要： Method and apparatus for grading articles, particularly lemons, according to their surface color. The apparatus measures each lemon's reflectance in infrared, red and green wavelength bands, and computes the ratio of the red and infrared measurements and the ratio of the red and green measurements. If the red/infrared ratio is less than a prescribed crossover threshold, the apparatus compares the red/infrared ratio to a first set of thresholds, to grade the lemon into either a very dark green, dark green or light green color grade. Conversely, if the red/infrared color ratio is greater than the crossover threshold, the apparatus compares the red/green ratio to a second set of thresholds, to grade the lemon into either a silver, tree-ripe or bronzy color grade.
摘要翻译：根据其表面颜色对制品，特别是柠檬进行分级的方法和装置。该设备测量红，红和绿波长带中的每个柠檬的反射率，并计算红色和红外测量的比例以及红色和绿色测量的比率。如果红/红比小于规定的交叉阈值，则该装置将红/红比与第一组阈值进行比较，将柠檬分级为非常深绿色，深绿色或浅绿色等级。相反，如果红/红比比大于交叉阈值，则该装置将红/绿比与第二组阈值进行比较，以将柠檬分级为银色，树木成熟色或黄色级。

2. 发明授权

US4330062A Method and apparatus for measuring the surface color of an article 失效
标题翻译：用于测量物品表面颜色的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4330062A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-18
申请号：US122448
申请日：1980-02-19
申请人： Tim D. Conway , Paul F. Paddock
发明人： Tim D. Conway , Paul F. Paddock
IPC分类号： B07C5/342
CPC分类号： B07C5/3422
摘要： A method and apparatus for grading and sorting articles, particularly fruit, according to size, surface blemish and surface color. Fruit is passed sequentially through a camera array which scans the surface of each fruit and measures the intensity of light reflected from successive discrete surface segments. Significant differences between such measured intensities are detected and a measurement of surface blemish is generated in accordance therewith. Size measurements are derived by counting the total number of segments in the surface of each fruit. Color measurements are derived by averaging the ratio of red light intensity to infrared light intensity reflected from each of a plurality of surface areas of each fruit. The fruit are separated and delivered to separate receivers by a mechanism responsive to the size, blemish and color measurements of the respective fruit.
摘要翻译：根据尺寸，表面瑕疵和表面颜色对制品，特别是水果进行分级和分选的方法和装置。水果依次通过相机阵列，其扫描每个水果的表面并测量从连续的离散表面段反射的光的强度。检测到这种测量的强度之间的显着差异，并且根据其产生表面瑕疵的测量。尺寸测量是通过计算每个水果表面的总段数得出的。通过对从每个果实的多个表面区域中的每一个反射的红光强度与红外光强度的比率进行平均得出颜色测量。水果被分离并通过响应于相应水果的尺寸，瑕疵和颜色测量的机制递送到单独的接收器。

3. 发明授权

US4324335A Method and apparatus for measuring the surface size of an article 失效
标题翻译：用于测量制品的表面尺寸的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4324335A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-13
申请号：US122449
申请日：1980-02-19
申请人： Tim D. Conway , Paul F. Paddock
发明人： Tim D. Conway , Paul F. Paddock
IPC分类号： B07C5/10 , B07C5/342
CPC分类号： B07C5/10 , B07C5/3422 , Y10S209/914
摘要： A method and apparatus for grading and sorting articles, particularly fruit, according to size, surface blemish and surface color. Fruit is passed sequentially through a camera array which scans the surface of each fruit and measures the intensity of light reflected from successive discrete surface segments. Significant differences between such measured intensities are detected and a measurement of surface blemish is generated in accordance therewith. Size measurements are derived by counting the total number of segments in the surface of each fruit. Color measurements are derived by averaging the ratio of red light intensity to infrared light intensity reflected from each of a plurality of surface areas of each fruit. The fruit are separated and delivered to separate receivers by a mechanism responsive to the size, blemish and color measurements of the respective fruit.
摘要翻译：根据尺寸，表面瑕疵和表面颜色对制品，特别是水果进行分级和分选的方法和装置。水果依次通过相机阵列，其扫描每个水果的表面并测量从连续的离散表面段反射的光的强度。检测到这种测量的强度之间的显着差异，并且根据其产生表面瑕疵的测量。尺寸测量是通过计算每个水果表面的总段数得出的。通过对从每个果实的多个表面区域中的每一个反射的红光强度与红外光强度的比率进行平均得到颜色测量值。水果被分离并通过响应于相应水果的尺寸，瑕疵和颜色测量的机制递送到单独的接收器。

4. 发明授权

US4246098A Method and apparatus for detecting blemishes on the surface of an article 失效
标题翻译：用于检测物品表面上的瑕疵的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4246098A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-20
申请号：US917724
申请日：1978-06-21
申请人： Tim D. Conway , Paul F. Paddock
发明人： Tim D. Conway , Paul F. Paddock
IPC分类号： G01B11/00 , B07C5/342 , G01B11/30 , G01N21/85 , G01N21/88 , G01N21/89
CPC分类号： B07C5/3422 , Y10S209/912
摘要： A method and apparatus for grading and sorting articles, particularly fruit, according to size, surface blemish and surface color. Fruit is passed sequentially through a camera array which scans the surface of each fruit and measures the intensity of light reflected from successive discrete surface segments. Significant differences between such measured intensities are detected and a measurement of surface blemish is generated in accordance therewith. Size measurements are derived by counting the total number of segments in the surface of each fruit. Color measurements are derived by averaging the ratio of red light intensity to infrared light intensity reflected from each of a plurality of surface areas of each fruit. The fruit are separated and delivered to separate receivers by a mechanism responsive to the size, blemish and color measurements of the respective fruit.
摘要翻译：根据尺寸，表面瑕疵和表面颜色对制品，特别是水果进行分级和分选的方法和装置。水果依次通过相机阵列，其扫描每个水果的表面并测量从连续的离散表面段反射的光的强度。检测到这种测量的强度之间的显着差异，并且根据其产生表面瑕疵的测量。尺寸测量是通过计算每个水果表面的总段数得出的。通过对从每个果实的多个表面区域中的每一个反射的红光强度与红外光强度的比率进行平均得出颜色测量。水果被分离并通过响应于相应水果的尺寸，瑕疵和颜色测量的机制递送到单独的接收器。

5. 发明授权

US3930994A Method and means for internal inspection and sorting of produce 失效
标题翻译：内部检查和生产分类的方法和手段
公开(公告)号：US3930994A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-06
申请号：US403173
申请日：1973-10-03
申请人： Tim D. Conway , Paul F. Paddock
发明人： Tim D. Conway , Paul F. Paddock
IPC分类号： G01N21/85 , B07C5/34 , B07C5/342 , G01B11/30
CPC分类号： B07C5/3416 , Y10S209/925
摘要： Apparatus and method for automatically evaluating articles particularly citrus fruits, on the basis of the uniformity and non-uniformity of their transparency to light rays and selectively separating them into different grades according to such evaluations, the fruit being oriented and carried by a conveyor in a path between a light ray source and light ray detectors positioned to straddle the fruit core portion, the signals from the detectors being carried to an internal quality computer controlled by timing sensors responsive to fruit movement through the light rays, wherein the percentage of internal damage is computed for each fruit, after which the fruits are successively separated into different predetermined grades according to their respective damage evaluations.

6. 发明授权

US5651446A Optoelectronic object spacing apparatus and method for operating the same 失效
标题翻译：光电对象间隔装置及其操作方法
公开(公告)号：US5651446A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-29
申请号：US617970
申请日：1996-03-11
申请人： Henry A. Affeldt , William Kirk , Tim D. Conway
发明人： Henry A. Affeldt , William Kirk , Tim D. Conway
IPC分类号： B07C5/02 , B65G47/24 , B65G47/84 , B65G43/00
CPC分类号： B65G47/24 , B07C5/02 , B65G47/846 , B65G2201/0211 , B65G2203/042
摘要： Fruit or other objects placed on the conveyor and spun by the conveyor are properly oriented on the conveyor by the method and apparatus of the invention by ejecting one or more adjacent touching objects or ejecting objects which form stacked triplets. An optical sensor determines when there is or is not a gap between objects and relates that gap detection to the position of the objects on the conveyor. Detection of a continuous signal through a controller circuit causes a downstream solenoid to be energized according to predetermined timing. The solenoid in turn, when energized, rotates a finger which is coupled to, carried with the conveyor system and situated underneath the pocket between adjacent spools. The finger rotates upwardly and ejects the objects sitting in the pocket, thereby removing the misplaced or touching objects on the conveyor belt.
摘要翻译：放置在输送机上并通过输送机旋转的水果或其他物体通过本发明的方法和装置通过喷射形成堆叠三联体的一个或多个相邻的触摸物体或喷射物体在输送机上适当地定向。光学传感器确定物体之间是否存在间隙，并将该间隙检测与传送带上物体的位置相关联。通过控制器电路检测连续信号使得下游螺线管根据预定的时间被激励。螺线管在通电时依次旋转一个手指，该手指与传送系统一起运送并位于相邻卷轴之间的口袋下方。手指向上旋转并弹出坐在口袋中的物体，从而去除传送带上的错位或触摸物体。

7. 发明授权

US4139766A Apparatus and method for counting fruits and other objects 失效
标题翻译：用于计数水果和其他物体的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4139766A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-13
申请号：US824396
申请日：1977-08-15
申请人： Tim D. Conway
发明人： Tim D. Conway
IPC分类号： G06M7/00 , G06M11/00
CPC分类号： G06M11/00
摘要： Apparatus and method for the counting of objects and in particular fruits such as oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and the like, which are randomly continuously presented by a conveyor or other means to a counting area in which the objects are illuminated. An image of the counting area and illuminated objects is optically reproduced on a self-scanning photodiode array which generates a series of output analog video signals corresponding to the light intensity on each of the photodiodes. These analog signals are amplified and compared with a voltage that is approximately 60% of the peak voltage value from the array, to provide an output binary signal pulse having a digital logic value of "1", when the video signal is above the 60% value, and a value of "O" when below the 60% value. Logic circuits group certain of the output binary signal pulses into a predetermined group recognition pattern having a configuration such that it will occur only once for each object that it scanned, and which is decoded to provide an output counting pulse for each object presented to the counting area.
摘要翻译：用于计数物体，特别是诸如橙子，葡萄柚，柠檬等的水果的装置和方法，其通过输送机或其他装置随机连续地呈现给物体照亮的计数区域。计数区域和照明对象的图像在自扫描光电二极管阵列上被光学再现，该阵列产生与每个光电二极管上的光强对应的一系列输出模拟视频信号。这些模拟信号被放大并与来自阵列的峰值电压值的大约60％的电压进行比较，以提供具有数字逻辑值“1”的输出二进制信号脉冲，当视频信号高于60％价值，低于60％价值的“O”值。逻辑电路将某些输出的二进制信号脉冲分组成预定的组识别模式，其具有这样的配置，使得它对于其扫描的每个对象将仅发生一次，并且被解码以为呈现给计数的每个对象提供输出计数脉冲区。

8. 发明授权

US5431273A Apparatus and method for detecting a missing ejector in a sorting and conveying system 失效
标题翻译：用于检测分拣和输送系统中缺失喷射器的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5431273A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-11
申请号：US201511
申请日：1994-02-24
申请人： Henry A. Affeldt , Tim D. Conway
发明人： Henry A. Affeldt , Tim D. Conway
IPC分类号： B07C5/36 , B65G47/96 , B65G47/46
CPC分类号： B65G47/965 , B07C5/361 , B65G2201/0211
摘要： The conveyor system is comprised of a plurality of spools connected by chains at each end of the spool. The space between an adjacent pair of spools defines a pocket. An ejector is carried by the chain within each pocket to eject fruit from the pocket. The ejectors are selectively activated by solenoids lying underneath the chain and mounted on a conveyor channel across which the chain and spools are pulled. A photooptical detector is provided for detecting when an ejector is missing due to damage or other loss. A system control circuit detects the missing ejector and stops the conveyor at a predetermined position so that the missing ejector stops at a predetermined repair location on the conveyor system.
摘要翻译：输送机系统由在线轴的每个端部处由链条连接的多个线轴构成。相邻的一对线轴之间的空间限定了一个口袋。喷射器由链条在每个口袋内承载以从口袋中排出果实。喷射器由位于链条下面的螺线管选择性地启动，并安装在链条和卷轴被拉动的输送通道上。提供光电检测器，用于检测喷射器何时由于损坏或其他损失而丢失。系统控制电路检测到丢失的喷射器并将输送机停在预定位置，使得丢失的喷射器停在传送系统上的预定的修理位置。

9. 发明授权

US06600829B1 Computer process for controlling a system for sorting objects by surface characteristics 失效
标题翻译：用于通过表面特性来控制用于分类物体的系统的计算机程序
公开(公告)号：US06600829B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-29
申请号：US09027177
申请日：1998-02-20
申请人： Henry A. Affeldt , Marina L. Cariaga , Tim D. Conway , David M. Musoke , James B. Sheffler , Steven D. Stebbins
发明人： Henry A. Affeldt , Marina L. Cariaga , Tim D. Conway , David M. Musoke , James B. Sheffler , Steven D. Stebbins
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： B07C5/342
摘要： The computer process controls operation of a system which sorts objects by surface characteristics. The system includes a multi-rail conveyor, an imaging unit for each rail of the conveyor and a computer including a user interface. Each imaging unit includes at least one camera, and at least one block of LEDs of multiple predetermined colors. The process initializes system hardware and software, calibrates the imaging units, sets, tests and reports various parameters for imaging, automatically or under user control, and synchronizes the operation of the imaging units with conveyor action to produce optimal imaging, as well as controlling sorting based upon imaging output.
摘要翻译：计算机过程控制通过表面特征对对象进行排序的系统的操作。该系统包括多轨输送机，用于输送机的每个轨道的成像单元和包括用户界面的计算机。每个成像单元包括至少一个照相机和至少一个多个预定颜色的LED块。该过程自动地或在用户控制下初始化系统硬件和软件，校准成像单元，组合，测试和报告成像的各种参数，并且使成像单元的操作与输送机动作同步以产生最佳成像，以及基于成像输出来控制分类。

10. 发明授权

US6153253A Method for selectively controlling the amount of wax applied to fruit 失效
标题翻译：选择性地控制施用于水果的蜡的量的方法
公开(公告)号：US6153253A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-28
申请号：US503753
申请日：1995-07-18
申请人： Henry A. Affeldt , Tim D. Conway , David M. Musoke
发明人： Henry A. Affeldt , Tim D. Conway , David M. Musoke
IPC分类号： A23B7/16 , A23P1/08 , B05D1/02
CPC分类号： A23B7/16 , A23P20/15
摘要： Application of wax to fruit in a conveyor system is controlled to optimize the protective and cosmetic effects of the wax application and to efficiently utilize the wax notwithstanding variations in size, texture, nature or number of the fruit, the type(s) of wax or the processing environment by providing an intelligent wax controller. The wax controller has a camera which detects fruit passing through a field of view defined by an optical housing in which the camera is fixed. Two-dimensional pixel maps of the fruit passing through the viewing area are assembled and an image is processed to provide distinct pixel images even when the fruit are touching. The diameter of the fruit for each of the separated images is then determined from which the total surface area of the fruit passing under the viewing area is computed. Based on this computation a plurality of variable stroke pumps and wax nozzles are each individually controlled at appropriate positions across the conveyor system to apply the appropriate amount of wax to the fruit then passing under the wax applicator nozzles.
摘要翻译：控制蜡在输送系统中对水果的应用被控制以优化蜡应用的保护和美化效果，并且尽管水果的尺寸，质地，性质或数量有变化，蜡的类型或蜡的类型处理环境提供智能蜡控制器。蜡烛控制器具有一个相机，其检测通过其中相机被固定的光学外壳限定的视野的水果。组合通过观察区域的水果的二维像素图，并且处理图像以提供不同像素图像，即使当水果触摸时。然后确定每个分离的图像的水果的直径，从而计算通过观察区域下方的果实的总表面积。基于这种计算，多个可变行程泵和蜡喷嘴分别在穿过输送机系统的适当位置处被控制，以将适量的蜡施加到水果上，然后通过蜡施加器喷嘴。

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