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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for providing register and interrupt compatibility
between non-identical integrated circuits
    • 用于在不相同集成电路之间提供寄存器和中断兼容性的方法和装置
    • US5812858A
    • 1998-09-22
    • US719596
    • 1996-09-25
    • Narasimha R. NookalaAshutosh S. DikshitDaniel G. BezzantStephen A. SmithJihad Y. AbudayyehArunachalam Vaidyanathan
    • Narasimha R. NookalaAshutosh S. DikshitDaniel G. BezzantStephen A. SmithJihad Y. AbudayyehArunachalam Vaidyanathan
    • G06F9/30G06F9/318G06F13/10G06F9/46
    • G06F13/105G06F9/30098G06F9/30123G06F9/30189G06F9/455
    • An apparatus for providing register compatibility between integrated circuits having different register and interrupt configurations is designed to operate with software that was written for previous hardware. Versions of software written for previous hardware attempt non-native register accesses for which the integrated circuit is designed to emulate the non-native register set. Versions of software specifically written for the present hardware attempt native register accesses for which no emulation is necessary. In the preferred embodiment only one physical register set is included on the integrated circuit and a compatibility engine is used when a non-native register access is attempted. The compatibility engine is coupled between a bus interface unit and the physical register set and allows a user or system designer to address a register set of another integrated circuit having a different configuration than the physical register set. The compatibility engine converts the address and maps the data bits of the emulated register into registers within the physical register set. Alternatively, two sets of registers can be physically included on the integrated circuit. An interrupt compatibility circuit is also designed to operate in at least a first mode or a second mode. In the first mode the interrupt information is written to an appropriate register and then mapped into the appropriate bits of the physical register set. In the second mode the interrupt information is written directly to the appropriate register. In both the first and second modes, steering bits from the appropriate register are used to map system, management and wakeup interrupts to the appropriate interrupt pad where the interrupt request signal is then shaped.
    • 用于在具有不同寄存器和中断配置的集成电路之间提供寄存器兼容性的设备被设计为使用为先前硬件编写的软件进行操作。 为先前硬件编写的软件版本尝试非本地寄存器访问,集成电路设计用于模拟非本地寄存器集。 针对当前硬件专门编写的软件版本会尝试不需要仿真的本地寄存器访问。 在优选实施例中,集成电路中仅包括一个物理寄存器组,并且当尝试非本地寄存器访问时使用兼容性引擎。 兼容性引擎耦合在总线接口单元和物理寄存器组之间,并且允许用户或系统设计者寻址具有与物理寄存器组不同的配置的另一个集成电路的寄存器组。 兼容性引擎转换地址,并将仿真寄存器的数据位映射到物理寄存器集中的寄存器。 或者,集成电路可以物理地包括两组寄存器。 中断兼容性电路还被设计为在至少第一模式或第二模式中操作。 在第一种模式下,中断信息被写入适当的寄存器,然后映射到物理寄存器组的相应位。 在第二种模式下,中断信息直接写入适当的寄存器。 在第一和第二模式中,来自适当寄存器的转向位用于将系统,管理和唤醒中断映射到中断请求信号然后成形的适当中断焊盘。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for providing register compatibility between
non-identical integrated circuits
    • 用于在不相同的集成电路之间提供寄存器兼容性的方法和装置
    • US5796981A
    • 1998-08-18
    • US308167
    • 1994-09-16
    • Jihad Y. AbudayyehAshutosh S. DikshitDaniel G. BezzantStephen A. SmithNarasimha R. NookalaArunachalam Vaidyanathan
    • Jihad Y. AbudayyehAshutosh S. DikshitDaniel G. BezzantStephen A. SmithNarasimha R. NookalaArunachalam Vaidyanathan
    • G06F9/30G06F9/318G06F9/00G06F13/00
    • G06F9/30174G06F9/30138
    • An apparatus for providing register compatibility between integrated circuits having different register and interrupt configurations is designed to operate with software. Software may attempt non-native register accesses; the integrated circuit of the present invention will emulate a non-native register set. In the preferred embodiment only one physical register set is included on the integrated circuit and a compatibility engine is used when a non-native register access is attempted. The compatibility engine is coupled between a bus interface unit and the physical register set and allows a user or system designer to address a register set of another integrated circuit having a different configuration than the physical register set. The compatibility engine converts the address and maps the data bits of the emulated register into registers within the physical register set. Alternatively, two sets of registers can be physically included on the integrated circuit. An interrupt compatibility circuit is also designed to operate in at least a first mode or a second mode. In the first mode, the interrupt information is written to an appropriate register and then mapped into appropriate bits of the physical register set. In the second mode, interrupt information is written directly to the appropriate register.
    • 用于在具有不同寄存器和中断配置的集成电路之间提供寄存器兼容性的装置被设计为与软件一起操作。 软件可以尝试非本地寄存器访问; 本发明的集成电路将模拟非本地寄存器组。 在优选实施例中,集成电路中仅包括一个物理寄存器组,并且当尝试非本地寄存器访问时使用兼容性引擎。 兼容性引擎耦合在总线接口单元和物理寄存器组之间,并且允许用户或系统设计者寻址具有与物理寄存器组不同的配置的另一个集成电路的寄存器组。 兼容性引擎转换地址,并将仿真寄存器的数据位映射到物理寄存器集中的寄存器。 或者,集成电路可以物理地包括两组寄存器。 中断兼容性电路还被设计为在至少第一模式或第二模式中操作。 在第一种模式下,将中断信息写入适当的寄存器,然后映射到物理寄存器组的相应位。 在第二种模式下,中断信息直接写入适当的寄存器。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • PCMCIA host adapter and method for variable data transfers
    • PCMCIA主机适配器和可变数据传输方法
    • US6014717A
    • 2000-01-11
    • US801645
    • 1997-02-18
    • Daniel G. BezzantStephen A. SmithNarasimha R. NookalaPuducode S. NarayananAshutosh S. Dikshit
    • Daniel G. BezzantStephen A. SmithNarasimha R. NookalaPuducode S. NarayananAshutosh S. Dikshit
    • G06F13/28G06F13/40G06F13/16G06F13/36
    • G06F13/4068G06F13/28
    • A PCMCIA host adapter includes the capability to master a non-DMA system bus and control a DMA data transfer between a DMA capable peripheral and the internal system memory. A peripheral can be coupled to the system through a PCMCIA card plugged into a PCMCIA expansion slot. A DMA controller coupled to the PCMCIA expansion slots through a PCMCIA bus controls a DMA transfer between the internal system memory and the peripheral. A bus master disables the CPU and takes control of the system bus during a DMA data transfer. In an alternative embodiment, the PCMCIA host adapter can be used with either a system having a system bus with DMA capability or with a system having a system bus without DMA capability. In this alternate embodiment if the system bus has DMA capability, the PCMCIA host adapter effectively passes the DMA signals between the peripheral and the system bus. If the system bus does not have DMA capability then the DMA controller and the bus master work to disable the CPU and take control of the system bus during a DMA data transfer. The DMA controller then controls the transfer of data between the peripheral and the internal system memory.
    • PCMCIA主机适配器包括掌握非DMA系统总线并控制DMA能力外设与内部系统存储器之间的DMA数据传输的功能。 外设可以通过插入PCMCIA扩展槽的PCMCIA卡耦合到系统。 通过PCMCIA总线耦合到PCMCIA扩展槽的DMA控制器控制内部系统存储器和外设之间的DMA传输。 总线主控器在DMA数据传输期间禁用CPU并控制系统总线。 在替代实施例中,PCMCIA主机适配器可以与具有具有DMA能力的系统总线的系统或具有不具有DMA能力的系统总线的系统一起使用。 在该替代实施例中,如果系统总线具有DMA能力,则PCMCIA主机适配器有效地在外围设备和系统总线之间传递DMA信号。 如果系统总线不具有DMA能力,则DMA控制器和总线主机可以在DMA数据传输期间禁用CPU并控制系统总线。 然后,DMA控制器控制外设和内部系统存储器之间的数据传输。