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1. 发明授权

US5793430A Method and apparatus for correcting motion vectors 失效
标题翻译：用于校正运动矢量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5793430A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US976937
申请日：1997-11-24
申请人： Andrew Hackett , Michael Knee , Michel Kerdranvat , Nadine Bolender
发明人： Andrew Hackett , Michael Knee , Michel Kerdranvat , Nadine Bolender
IPC分类号： G06T7/20 , H04N5/14 , H04N5/44 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/24 , H04N19/00 , H04N7/32
CPC分类号： G06T7/2013 , H04N19/51 , H04N5/145 , H04N7/012 , G06T2207/10016
摘要： Motion vectors resulting from block matching are corrected for periodic structures by taking a more reliable vector from an edge of a moving object containing the periodic structure. This is done by calculating and comparing different error combinations to identify periodic structures and replacing a current motion vector with one of an adjacent pixel block either from the block to the left or from the block above, which ever yields the smaller error in the current block, or by taking a combination (e.g., mean) of both vectors. Advantageously, artifacts such as phase reversal of information in interpolated fields due to the presence of an erroneous vector in a periodic structure are reduced and very little additional processing is required after the block matching itself.
摘要翻译：通过从包含周期性结构的运动对象的边缘获取更可靠的向量来校正来自块匹配的运动向量，以对于周期性结构进行校正。这可以通过计算和比较不同的误差组合来识别周期性结构，并用一个相邻像素块（从块向左）或从上面的块替换当前的运动矢量，从而产生当前块中的较小误差，或通过两个载体的组合（例如，平均值）。有利的是，由于在周期性结构中存在错误的向量而导致内插场中的信息的相位反转的伪像被减少，并且在块匹配本身之后需要很少的附加处理。

2. 发明授权

US5351095A Method and device for estimating and hierarchically coding the motion of sequences of images 失效
标题翻译：用于估计和分级编码图像序列的运动的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5351095A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-27
申请号：US678278
申请日：1991-04-29
申请人： Michel Kerdranvat
发明人： Michel Kerdranvat
IPC分类号： G06T7/20 , G06T9/00 , G06T9/40 , H03M7/30 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/32 , H04N7/137
CPC分类号： G06T7/2026 , G06T9/40 , H04N19/53 , H04N19/96
摘要： A method for estimating motion which calculates a priori for a current image a first field of motion for blocks of a first level resulting from a partition of the image into blocks of a so-called maximum size, on the basis of a symmetric estimation algorithm, using the preceding and following images in the sequence to calculate the displaced inter-raster differences. Then, a second field of motion for blocks resulting from the partition of a block of the first level are calculated, and so on until a level of blocks of a minimum size. The final field of motion results from the selection of the most suited motion vectors from those of the various levels and is directly associated with a quadtree coding tree. Such a method finds particular application to image transmission chains, and in particular high-definition.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FR90 / 00628 Sec。 371日期：1991年4月29日 102（e）1991年4月29日PCT PCT 1990年8月24日PCT公布。公开号WO91 / 03797 1991年3月21日，1991年。一种用于估计运动的方法，该方法计算当前图像的先验，对于由图像划分成所谓的最大尺寸的块而产生的第一级的块的第一运动场，对称估计算法的基础，使用序列中的前述和后续图像来计算偏移的光栅间差异。然后，计算由第一级别的块的分区产生的块的第二运动场，并且依次类推，直到最小大小的块的级别为止。最后的运动场是从各种级别的运动矢量的选择中产生的，并且与四叉树编码树直接相关。这种方法特别适用于图像传输链，特别是高清晰度。

3. 发明授权

US5546130A Method and apparatus for forming a video signal using motion estimation and signal paths with different interpolation processing 失效
标题翻译：使用运动估计和具有不同内插处理的信号路径形成视频信号的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5546130A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-13
申请号：US316138
申请日：1994-09-30
申请人： Andrew Hackett , Michael Knee , Michel Kerdranvat , Nadine Bolender
发明人： Andrew Hackett , Michael Knee , Michel Kerdranvat , Nadine Bolender
IPC分类号： H04N7/32 , H04N5/44 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/26
CPC分类号： H04N7/0132 , H04N19/513 , H04N19/521 , H04N7/014 , Y10S348/91
摘要： Motion compensated video output signal (SO) produced by a soft switching or "fading" (SSW) between the a motion compensated interpolation (MCI) and a "fallback" mode (FFI) (e.g., intra-field), controlled by a "measure of confidence" (CF) in the reliability of the estimated motion vector. The confidence measure includes the following two components, namely: (i) a "basic confidence measure" (e.g., a block based, minimum motion estimation error (BME) and (ii) a measure based on the motion velocity or "speed" of movement of the motion vector or its horizontal (MVX) and vertical components (MVY).
摘要翻译：由运动补偿内插（MCI）和“回退”模式（FFI）（例如，场内）之间的软切换或“衰落”（SSW）产生的运动补偿视频输出信号（SO），由“ 估计运动矢量的可靠性中的置信度测度“（CF）。可信度度量包括以下两个组成部分，即：（i）“基本置信度量度”（例如，基于块的最小运动估计误差（BME））和（ii）基于运动速度或“速度” 运动矢量或其水平（MVX）和垂直分量（MVY）的运动。

4. 发明授权

US06438170B1 Method and apparatus for motion estimation using block matching 失效
标题翻译：使用块匹配的运动估计的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06438170B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US08801610
申请日：1997-02-18
申请人： Andrew Hackett , Michael Knee , Michel Kerdranvat , Nadine Bolender
发明人： Andrew Hackett , Michael Knee , Michel Kerdranvat , Nadine Bolender
IPC分类号： H04N732
CPC分类号： H04N5/145 , H04N19/51
摘要： Block matching is a robust and simple method of motion estimation for television pictures. One important parameter in block matching is the block size. Large blocks give more reliable motion estimation than small blocks, particularly in the presence of noise on the input picture, but they produce a coarser motion vector field. However, if the motion estimation is being used for motion compensated interpolation, for example the upconversion between 50 and 100 Hz display rates, the effects on picture quality of wrong vectors for whole blocks, and also of vectors that do not correctly follow the boundaries of moving objects, can be severe. According to the invention, large block (LB) matching is combined with the performance of more localized motion vectors to get pixel motion vectors. For any pixel, the motion vector will be one of four possibilities; the vector calculated for the block containing the pixel and the vectors (V1, V2, V3, V4) of the nearest blocks horizontally, vertically and diagonally.
摘要翻译：块匹配是用于电视图像的运动估计的鲁棒且简单的方法。块匹配中的一个重要参数是块大小。大块比小块提供更可靠的运动估计，特别是在输入图像上存在噪声的情况下，它们产生较粗的运动矢量场。然而，如果运动估计被用于运动补偿插值，例如在50和100Hz显示速率之间的上变频，对整个块的错误向量的图像质量的影响，以及不正确地遵循移动物体，可能很严重。根据本发明，将大块（LB）匹配与更局部化的运动矢量的性能组合以获得像素运动矢量。对于任何像素，运动矢量将是四种可能性之一; 对于包含像素的块计算的矢量和水平，垂直和对角线上最近块的矢量（V1，V2，V3，V4）。

5. 发明授权

US5642170A Method and apparatus for motion compensated interpolation of intermediate fields or frames 失效
标题翻译：中间场或帧的运动补偿插值的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5642170A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-24
申请号：US315397
申请日：1994-09-30
申请人： Andrew Hackett , Michael Knee , Michel Kerdranvat , Nadine Bolender
发明人： Andrew Hackett , Michael Knee , Michel Kerdranvat , Nadine Bolender
IPC分类号： H04N7/32 , H04N5/44 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/36
CPC分类号： H04N7/0132 , H04N19/105 , H04N19/112 , H04N19/137 , H04N19/503 , H04N19/51 , H04N7/0137
摘要： An appearance of a double image around moving objects may be reduced or removed by generating motion compensated 100 Hz fields with the objects in correct positions. When, however, the results of this technique are applied to motion compensated upconversion, objects or parts of the picture which fall outside the range of measurable velocities appear on the upconverted display with a very strong double image, resulting from the display of information in the wrong temporal position generated by uncompensated or `fallback processing`. The subjective strength of the double image may be reduced by low pass filtering in a horizontal direction the components in the new fields of the upconverted signal which cause this double image.
摘要翻译：可以通过在物体处于正确位置的情况下产生运动补偿的100Hz场来减少或去除运动物体周围的双重图像的外观。然而，当将该技术的结果应用于运动补偿上变频时，超出可测量速度范围的图像的对象或部分出现在上变换显示器上，具有非常强的双重图像，这是由于在由未补偿或“回退处理”产生的错误时间位置。通过在水平方向上的低通滤波可以减少双重图像的主观强度，这是引起该双重图像的上变频信号的新场中的分量。

6. 发明授权

US5600572A Method for transmission of variable-format images via low data rate transmission systems 失效
标题翻译：通过低数据速率传输系统传输可变格式图像的方法
公开(公告)号：US5600572A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US400087
申请日：1995-03-07
申请人： Michel Kerdranvat , Jean Y. Moraillon
发明人： Michel Kerdranvat , Jean Y. Moraillon
IPC分类号： H04N7/26 , G06T9/00 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/14 , H04N7/15 , H04N7/50 , H04N1/415
CPC分类号： H04N19/61 , H04N7/141 , H04N7/147 , H04N7/148 , H04N7/15
摘要： The invention discloses a method for coding a video image on a pixel block basis in a transmission system including at least one transmitter and one receiver, where the video image is in one of several possible display formats. The method comprises:(a) defining a first image display format that encompasses each of the several image display formats;(b) dividing the first image format into pixel blocks;(c) assigning labels to the first image format blocks so that they can be individually addressed;(d) selecting a second image display format for the video image that is encompassed by the first image display format; and(e) coding the video image with reference to the individual addresses of the first image format block.A method of decoding transmissions coded by the disclosed coding method is also presented.The invention is applicable to videophones and television transmission systems.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种在包括至少一个发射机和一个接收机的传输系统中以像素块为基础编码视频图像的方法，其中视频图像是几种可能的显示格式之一。该方法包括：（a）定义包含多个图像显示格式中的每一个的第一图像显示格式; （b）将第一图像格式划分为像素块; （c）将标签分配给第一图像格式块，使得它们可以单独寻址; （d）为由第一图像显示格式包围的视频图像选择第二图像显示格式; 以及（e）参照第一图像格式块的各个地址对视频图像进行编码。还提出了通过所公开的编码方法编码的解码传输的方法。本发明适用于视频电话和电视传输系统。

7. 发明授权

US4853775A Method and device to estimate motion in a sequence of moving pictures 失效
标题翻译：用于估计运动图像序列中的运动的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4853775A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-01
申请号：US171835
申请日：1988-03-22
申请人： Bernard Rouvrais , Michel Kerdranvat , Philippe Robert
发明人： Bernard Rouvrais , Michel Kerdranvat , Philippe Robert
IPC分类号： H04N7/32 , G06T7/20 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/36
CPC分类号： H04N7/014 , G06T7/2066 , H04N19/503 , H04N19/51
摘要： The method consists in estimating motion by performing a gradient algorithm which minimalizes the mean square deviation of local luminance variations of the present pel of the picture with the pel that is homologous with it in the prior picture, in initializing the execution of the algorithm by displacement values estimated along several directions within the close causal neighborhood of the present pel and in propagating each estimate in the scanning direction if the picture lines.
摘要翻译：该方法包括：通过执行梯度算法来估计运动，该梯度算法使用先前图像中的与其同源的像素最小化图像的当前像素的局部亮度变化的均方偏差，在初始化算法的执行时通过位移按照当前像素的紧密因果关系中的多个方向估计的值，以及如果图像行在扫描方向上传播每个估计值。

8. 发明授权

US06963611B1 Process and device for switching digital television programs 有权
标题翻译：用于切换数字电视节目的过程和设备
公开(公告)号：US06963611B1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-08
申请号：US09595739
申请日：2000-06-16
申请人： Didier Doyen , Laurent Blonde , Michel Kerdranvat
发明人： Didier Doyen , Laurent Blonde , Michel Kerdranvat
IPC分类号： H04H20/00 , H04N7/08 , H04N7/081 , H04N7/24 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/18
CPC分类号： H04N21/4384 , H04N19/40 , H04N21/235 , H04N21/435
摘要： A process for switching television programs is wherein it detects (8, 9) and then stores (10) the appended data of intra type of programs other than the selected program, selects (10) and decodes (12), upon a command (14) for the switching over to a new program, the stored appended data relating to this new program, and temporarily transmits (13), while awaiting the decoding and transmission of the current data of the new program, the decoded appended data.Applications relate for example to the perusing of programs.
摘要翻译：用于切换电视节目的过程是其中它检测（8,9）然后存储（10）除所选节目之外的节目类型的附加数据，在命令（14）上选择（10）和解码（12）），用于切换到新程序，存储与该新程序相关的附加数据，并且在等待解码和传送新程序的当前数据的同时临时发送（13）解码的附加数据。应用程序涉及到程序的读写。

9. 发明授权

US5905535A Differential coding of motion vectors using the median of candidate vectors 失效
标题翻译：使用候选向量的中值的运动矢量的差分编码
公开(公告)号：US5905535A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-18
申请号：US534787
申请日：1995-09-27
申请人： Michel Kerdranvat
发明人： Michel Kerdranvat
IPC分类号： H04N7/32 , G06T9/00 , H03M7/30 , H03M7/36 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/36 , H04N7/46
CPC分类号： H04N19/51 , H04N19/517 , H04N19/577
摘要： A process for differential coding of a motion vector associated with a macro-block, including the steps: of determining the components of the said motion vector, of determining a prediction vector, each component of which is equal to the median value of the corresponding components of at least three candidate motion vectors, a candidate motion vector being a vector associated with a previously coded macro-block, and of subtracting the components thus obtained from the components of the vector to be coded. Implementation of the process is included.
摘要翻译：一种用于与宏块相关联的运动矢量的差分编码的过程，包括以下步骤：确定所述运动矢量的分量，确定预测矢量，每个分量等于相应分量的中值至少三个候选运动矢量，候选运动矢量是与先前编码的宏块相关联的矢量，以及从要被编码的矢量的分量中减去由此获得的分量。包括该过程的实施。

10. 发明授权

US5844616A Method and apparatus for motion compensated interpolation 失效
标题翻译：运动补偿插值的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5844616A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-01
申请号：US535111
申请日：1996-03-27
申请人： Eric Collet , Michel Kerdranvat
发明人： Eric Collet , Michel Kerdranvat
IPC分类号： H04N7/00 , H04N7/015 , H04N7/12 , H04N7/36 , H04N7/01
CPC分类号： H04N7/125 , H04N19/523 , H04N7/0157
摘要： For motion compensated interpolation (MCI) with sub-pixel accuracy, the missing pixels need to be interpolated prior to the motion compensation. The required pixel values are stored using line and pixel delays. A switch matrix selects, in response to a motion vector, such stored pixels which are currently needed for the processing. In order to avoid sub-pixel MCI, the interpolation is carried out prior to the motion compensation. In order to avoid an increased input data rate of the motion compensation circuitry, only a standard switch matrix is used. A special arrangement of delays storing pixel values needed for the processing is used to extend the standard delay array. Because an increased number of pixels is involved, an improved sub-pixel MCI can be achieved. This is because such a delay extension does not significantly affect the decoded picture quality even if adjacent motion vectors do not exactly match the current motion vector.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP94 / 01750 Sec。 371日期：1996年3月27日 102（e）1996年3月27日PCT PCT 1994年5月28日PCT公布。出版物WO94 / 28677 日期1994年12月8日对于具有子像素精度的运动补偿内插（MCI），丢失的像素需要在运动补偿之前进行内插。使用线和像素延迟来存储所需的像素值。开关矩阵响应于运动矢量选择当前处理所需的存储像素。为了避免子像素MCI，在运动补偿之前进行插补。为了避免增加的运动补偿电路的输入数据速率，仅使用标准的开关矩阵。使用存储处理所需的像素值的延迟的特殊布置来扩展标准延迟阵列。因为涉及像素数量的增加，所以可以实现改进的子像素MCI。这是因为即使相邻的运动矢量与当前的运动矢量不完全一致，这种延迟扩展也不会显着影响解码图像质量。

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