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1. 发明授权

US08593468B2 Scalable high performance 3D graphics 有权
标题翻译：可扩展的高性能3D图形
公开(公告)号：US08593468B2
公开(公告)日：2013-11-26
申请号：US12898249
申请日：2010-10-05
申请人： Michael F. Deering , Michael G. Lavelle
发明人： Michael F. Deering , Michael G. Lavelle
IPC分类号： G06F13/14 , G06F12/02 , G06T1/20
CPC分类号： G06T1/20 , G06T1/60 , G06T5/002 , G06T15/005
摘要： A high-speed ring topology. In one embodiment, two base chip types are required: a “drawing” chip, LoopDraw, and an “interface” chip, LoopInterface. Each of these chips have a set of pins that supports an identical high speed point to point unidirectional input and output ring interconnect interface: the LoopLink. The LoopDraw chip uses additional pins to connect to several standard memories that form a high bandwidth local memory sub-system. The LoopInterface chip uses additional pins to support a high speed host computer host interface, at least one video output interface, and possibly also additional non-local interconnects to other LoopInterface chip(s).
摘要翻译：高速环形拓扑。在一个实施例中，需要两种基本芯片类型：“绘图”芯片，LoopDraw和“接口”芯片，LoopInterface。每个芯片都有一组引脚，支持相同的高速点对点输入和输出环互连接口：LoopLink。 LoopDraw芯片使用额外的引脚连接到形成高带宽本地存储器子系统的多个标准存储器。 LoopInterface芯片使用额外的引脚来支持高速主机主机接口，至少一个视频输出接口，以及可能与其他LoopInterface芯片的附加非本地互连。

2. 发明授权

US07199806B2 Rasterization of primitives using parallel edge units 有权
标题翻译：使用并行边缘单元对原语进行栅格化
公开(公告)号：US07199806B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-03
申请号：US10392282
申请日：2003-03-19
申请人： Michael F. Deering
发明人： Michael F. Deering
IPC分类号： G06T15/30 , G06T17/20
CPC分类号： G06T11/40 , G06T2200/12
摘要： A graphical computing system comprising a control unit and a set of edge processing units. The control unit (a) receives a surface primitive, (b) transfers edge specifying information for each edge of the surface primitive to a corresponding one of the edge processing units, and (c) transfers a horizontal address CX and a vertical address CY of a current pixel to the edge processing units. Each of the edge processing units computes trimming information for the current pixel with respect to the corresponding edge using the horizontal address CX and vertical address CY. The trimming information specifies a portion of the corresponding edge which intersects the current pixel. The control unit collects the trimming information from the edge processing units and transmits an output packet including the addresses CX and CY of the current pixel along with the collected trimming information.
摘要翻译：一种包括控制单元和一组边缘处理单元的图形计算系统。控制单元（a）接收表面原语，（b）将表面原语的每个边缘的边缘指定信息传送到相应的一个边缘处理单元，（c）将水平地址C < SUB＆gt;和当前像素的垂直地址C SUB＆gt; Y 到边缘处理单元。每个边缘处理单元使用水平地址C X和垂直地址C YY来计算相对于对应边缘的当前像素的修剪信息。修剪信息指定与当前像素相交的相应边缘的一部分。控制单元从边缘处理单元收集修剪信息，并且将包含当前像素的地址C SUB和C Y Y的输出分组与收集的修整信息一起发送。

3. 发明授权

US07042466B1 Efficient clip-testing in graphics acceleration 有权
标题翻译：图形加速中的高效剪贴测试
公开(公告)号：US07042466B1
公开(公告)日：2006-05-09
申请号：US09589039
申请日：2000-06-06
申请人： Jeffrey Meng Wah Chan , Michael F. Deering
发明人： Jeffrey Meng Wah Chan , Michael F. Deering
IPC分类号： G09G5/30
CPC分类号： G06F9/3826 , G06F9/3001 , G06F9/3012 , G06F9/30123 , G06F9/3824 , G06F9/3851 , G06F9/3877
摘要： A method and apparatus for performing fast clip-testing operations in a general purpose processor are provided. This is accomplished by executing a single instruction for comparing a first value x to a second value y and, as a result of the comparison, determining whether x is less than y and whether x is less than negative y. The values x and y are stored in respective source registers of the processor specified by the instruction. Finally, as a result of the determination, one or more binary values representing the results of the determination are inserted into a destination register of the processor also specified by the instruction. Accordingly, the invention advantageously provides a general purpose processor with the ability to execute a clip-testing function with a single instruction compared with prior art general purpose processors that require multiple instructions to perform the same function. Thus, the general purpose processor of the present invention allows for more efficient and faster clip-testing operations.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在通用处理器中执行快速剪辑测试操作的方法和装置。这是通过执行用于将第一值x与第二值y进行比较的单个指令来实现的，并且作为比较的结果，确定x是否小于y且x是否小于负y。值x和y存储在指令指定的处理器的各个源寄存器中。最后，作为确定的结果，将表示确定结果的一个或多个二进制值插入到由指令指定的处理器的目标寄存器中。因此，与现有技术的通用处理器相比，本发明有利地提供了具有使用单个指令执行剪辑测试功能的能力的通用处理器，其需要多个指令来执行相同的功能。因此，本发明的通用处理器允许更有效和更快速的剪辑测试操作。

4. 发明授权

US06956576B1 Graphics system using sample masks for motion blur, depth of field, and transparency 有权
标题翻译：图形系统使用采样掩模进行运动模糊，景深和透明度
公开(公告)号：US06956576B1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-18
申请号：US09571988
申请日：2000-05-16
申请人： Michael F. Deering , Scott R. Neslon
发明人： Michael F. Deering , Scott R. Neslon
IPC分类号： G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for creating motion blur, depth of field, and screen door effects when rendering three-dimensional graphics data are disclosed. A graphics system configured with a graphics processor, a super-sampled sample buffer, and a sample-to-pixel calculation unit is disclosed. The graphics processor may be configured to use a sample mask to select different subsets of sample coordinates to be rendered for a particular frame. Each subset may be rendered applying a different set of attributes, and the resulting samples may then be stored together in the sample buffer. The sample-to-pixel calculation unit may be configured to filter the samples into output pixels that are provided to a display device. The attributes that may be changed from subset to subset include the viewpoint, the time at which objects in the data are rendered, which objects or geometric primitives in the data are rendered, the position of objects in the data, the color of objects in the data, the transparency of objects in the data, and the shape of objects in the data.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在渲染三维图形数据时产生运动模糊，景深和屏幕门效应的方法和装置。公开了一种配置有图形处理器，超采样采样缓冲器和采样到像素计算单元的图形系统。图形处理器可以被配置为使用样本掩模来选择要为特定帧呈现的样本坐标的不同子集。可以使每个子集应用不同的一组属性，然后将得到的样本一起存储在样本缓冲器中。样本到像素计算单元可以被配置为将样本过滤到提供给显示设备的输出像素。可以从子集改变为子集的属性包括视点，呈现数据中的对象的时间，数据中的对象或几何图元，数据中对象的位置，对象的颜色数据，数据中对象的透明度以及数据中对象的形状。

5. 发明授权

US06924816B2 Compensating for the chromatic distortion of displayed images 有权
标题翻译：补偿显示图像的色差
公开(公告)号：US06924816B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-02
申请号：US09809829
申请日：2001-03-16
申请人： Michael F. Deering
发明人： Michael F. Deering
IPC分类号： G06T3/00 , G06T5/00 , H04N9/31 , G09G5/02 , G06T15/00 , H04N3/22
CPC分类号： G06T3/0081 , G06T5/002 , G06T5/006 , G06T5/008 , G06T5/20 , G06T5/50 , G06T2200/12 , G06T2207/10024 , H04N9/3147 , H04N9/3185
摘要： A graphics system comprises pixel calculation units and a sample buffer which stores a two-dimensional field of samples. Each pixel calculation unit selects positions in the two-dimensional field at which pixel values (e.g. red, green, blue) are computed. The pixel computation positions are selected to compensate for image distortions introduced by a display device and/or display surface. Non-uniformities in a viewer's perceived intensity distribution from a display surface (e.g. hot spots, overlap brightness) are corrected by appropriately scaling pixel values prior to transmission to display devices. Two or more sets of pixel calculation units driving two or more display devices adjust their respective pixel computation centers to align the edges of two or more displayed images. Physical barriers prevent light spillage at the interface between any two of the display images. Separate pixel computation positions may be used for distinct colors to compensate for color distortions.
摘要翻译：图形系统包括像素计算单元和存储二维样本场的样本缓冲器。每个像素计算单元选择计算像素值（例如，红色，绿色，蓝色）的二维场中的位置。选择像素计算位置以补偿由显示装置和/或显示表面引入的图像失真。通过在传输到显示设备之前适当地缩放像素值来校正观看者从显示表面感知到的强度分布（例如热点，重叠亮度）的不均匀性。驱动两个或更多个显示装置的两组或更多组像素计算单元调整其各自的像素计算中心以对准两个或更多个显示图像的边缘。物理障碍防止任何两个显示图像之间的界面发生光线溢出。单独的像素计算位置可以用于不同的颜色以补偿颜色失真。

6. 发明授权

US06816162B2 Data management to enable video rate anti-aliasing convolution 有权
标题翻译：数据管理使视频速率反锯齿卷积
公开(公告)号：US06816162B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-09
申请号：US10200087
申请日：2002-07-19
申请人： Nimita J. Taneja , Nathaniel David Naegle , Michael F. Deering
发明人： Nimita J. Taneja , Nathaniel David Naegle , Michael F. Deering
IPC分类号： G06F1300
CPC分类号： G06T11/40 , G06T5/20
摘要： A system and method is disclosed for management of sample data to enable video rate anti-aliasing convolution. Sample data may be moved simultaneously from a sample buffer to a bin scanline cache and from the bin scanline cache to an array of N2 processor—memory units (e.g. 25 for N=5). Pixel data may be convolved from an N×N sample bin array that may be approximately centered on the pixel location. Since each sample bin contains Ns/b samples, Ns/b×N2 samples may be filtered for each pixel (e.g. 400 for N=5 and Ns/b=16). Each processor—memory unit convolves the sample data for one sample bin in the N×N sample bin array and supports a variety of filter functions. Pixel data may be output to a real time video data stream.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于管理样本数据以实现视频速率抗混叠卷积的系统和方法。样本数据可以同时从采样缓冲器移动到bin扫描线高速缓存，并且从bin扫描线高速缓存移动到N 2个处理器存储器单元的阵列（例如，对于N = 5为25）。像素数据可以从可以近似于像素位置的中心的N×N样本仓阵列卷积。由于每个样本箱包含Ns / b个样本，因此可以针对每个像素滤波Ns / bxN <2个样本（例如N = 5和Ns / b = 16的400）。每个处理器存储器单元将一个样本仓的样本数据卷积在NxN样本仓阵列中，并支持各种滤波器功能。像素数据可以输出到实时视频数据流。

7. 发明授权

US06795076B2 Graphics system with real-time convolved pixel readback 有权
标题翻译：具有实时卷积像素回读的图形系统
公开(公告)号：US06795076B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-21
申请号：US09894068
申请日：2001-06-28
申请人： Michael F. Deering , Nathaniel David Naegle
发明人： Michael F. Deering , Nathaniel David Naegle
IPC分类号： G06F1516
CPC分类号： G06T1/20 , G06F3/14 , G06T15/005
摘要： A graphics system comprising a control unit and a series of calculation units coupled together in a closed chain by a segmented communication bus. The calculation unit collaboratively generate one or more video signals. Each calculation unit is programmably assigned to contribute its locally-generated pixels to one of the video streams. The control unit sends a frame readback request to a selected one of the calculation units through the segmented communication bus. The frame readback request specifies some subset of the pixels in one of the video streams for readback to the control unit. In response to the frame readback request, the selected calculation unit transmits the subset of pixels of the specified video stream to the control unit, and the control unit forwards the subset of pixels to a target memory block (e.g. in system memory of a host computer or memory within the graphics system).
摘要翻译：一种图形系统，包括控制单元和通过分段通信总线在闭合链中耦合在一起的一系列计算单元。计算单元协同生成一个或多个视频信号。可编程地分配每个计算单元以将其本地生成的像素贡献给一个视频流。控制单元通过分段通信总线向所选择的一个计算单元发送帧回读请求。帧回读请求指定一个视频流中的像素的一些子集，用于回读到控制单元。响应于帧回读请求，所选择的计算单元将指定的视频流的像素的子集发送到控制单元，并且控制单元将像素子集转发到目标存储器块（例如，在主计算机的系统存储器中）或图形系统内的内存）。

8. 发明授权

US06747663B2 Interpolating sample values from known triangle vertex values 有权
标题翻译：从已知三角形顶点值插值样本值
公开(公告)号：US06747663B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-08
申请号：US09939296
申请日：2001-08-24
申请人： Ranjit S. Oberoi , Michael F. Deering , Salvatore Arcuri
发明人： Ranjit S. Oberoi , Michael F. Deering , Salvatore Arcuri
IPC分类号： G09G500
CPC分类号： G06T15/80
摘要： A graphics system comprises a rendering unit, a sample buffer and a sample-to-pixel calculation unit. The rendering unit receives graphics data specifying three triangle vertices, generates sample positions, and determines which samples reside inside the triangle. The rendering unit computes an axial rate of change of an ordinate based on the positions and ordinates of the vertices, and, for each sample residing inside the triangle, (a) multiplies the axial rate by a edge-relative sample displacement resulting in a first product, (b) interpolates a projection value for a projection point on a first edge of the triangle, and (c) adds the first product to the projection value resulting in a sample ordinate value. The sample buffer stores the sample ordinate value the samples inside the triangle. The sample-to-pixel calculation unit reads sample ordinate values from the sample buffer and generates a pixel value by filtering the sample ordinate values.
摘要翻译：图形系统包括渲染单元，采样缓冲器和采样到像素计算单元。渲染单元接收指定三个三角形顶点的图形数据，生成样本位置，并确定哪些样本驻留在三角形内。渲染单元基于顶点的位置和纵坐标来计算纵轴的轴向变化速率，并且对于驻留在三角形内的每个样本，（a）将轴向速率乘以边缘相对样本位移，得到第一产品，（b）插入三角形的第一边缘上的投影点的投影值，以及（c）将第一乘积加到投影值上，得到样本纵坐标值。样本缓冲区将样本纵坐标值存储在三角形内。样本到像素计算单元从样本缓冲区读取样本纵坐标值，并通过过滤样本纵坐标值生成像素值。

9. 发明授权

US06570564B1 Method and apparatus for rapid processing of scene-based programs 有权
标题翻译：用于快速处理场景节目的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06570564B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-27
申请号：US09668493
申请日：2000-09-22
申请人： Henry Sowizral , Michael F. Deering , Kevin Rushforth , Doug Twilleager
发明人： Henry Sowizral , Michael F. Deering , Kevin Rushforth , Doug Twilleager
IPC分类号： G06T1700
CPC分类号： G06T17/005 , G06T15/005 , G06T2210/61
摘要： A system and method for rapid processing of scene-graph-based data and/or programs is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system may be configured to utilize a scene graph directly. In another embodiment, the system may be configured to generate a plurality of structures and thread that manage the data originally received as part of the scene graph. The structures and threads may be configured to convey information about state changes through the use of messaging. The system may include support for messaging between threads, messaging with time and/or event stamps, epochs to ensure consistency, and ancillary structures such as render-bins, geometry structures, and rendering environment structures.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于快速处理基于场景图的数据和/或程序的系统和方法。在一个实施例中，系统可以被配置为直接利用场景图。在另一个实施例中，系统可以被配置为生成管理作为场景图的一部分最初接收的数据的多个结构和线程。结构和线程可以被配置为通过使用消息传递来传达关于状态改变的信息。该系统可以包括对线程之间的消息传递的支持，与时间和/或事件戳的消息传递，确保一致性的时期，以及辅助结构，诸如渲染箱，几何结构和呈现环境结构。

10. 发明授权

US06559842B1 Compressing and decompressing graphics data using gosub-type instructions and direct and indirect attribute settings 有权
标题翻译：使用gosub类型指令和直接和间接属性设置压缩和解压缩图形数据
公开(公告)号：US06559842B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-06
申请号：US09415188
申请日：1999-10-07
申请人： Michael F. Deering , Marc Tremblay , Jeffrey Chan
发明人： Michael F. Deering , Marc Tremblay , Jeffrey Chan
IPC分类号： G06T1500
CPC分类号： G06T17/20
摘要： A method and instruction set for geometry compression and decompression is disclosed. The method and instruction set includes one or more of the following attributes and instructions: a gosub-type instruction, a goto-type instruction, direct and indirect attribute-setting instructions, and matrix manipulation instructions. The instructions may be embedded within individual vertex descriptions, or they may be specified independent of any individual vertex in order to set global state information that applies to all vertices that follow the instruction. Individual vertex instructions may temporarily override the global settings. A graphics system configured to execute the instruction set is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于几何压缩和解压缩的方法和指令集。该方法和指令集包括以下属性和指令中的一个或多个：gosub类型指令，goto类型指令，直接和间接属性设置指令以及矩阵操作指令。指令可以被嵌入在单独的顶点描述中，或者可以独立于任何单个顶点来指定它们，以便设置适用于遵循该指令的所有顶点的全局状态信息。单独的顶点指令可能暂时覆盖全局设置。还公开了配置成执行指令集的图形系统。

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