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    • 1. 发明申请
    • Compare, select, sort, and median-filter apparatus in programmable logic devices and associated methods
    • 在可编程逻辑器件和相关方法中比较,选择,排序和中值滤波器
    • US20060005090A1
    • 2006-01-05
    • US11151743
    • 2005-06-13
    • Martin LanghammerJonah Graham
    • Martin LanghammerJonah Graham
    • G01R31/28
    • H03K19/17732
    • A programmable logic device (PLD) includes a compare-select circuitry. The compare-select circuitry includes logic elements 1 through N. Each logic element comprises a compare circuitry and a selector circuitry. The compare circuitry compares two inputs of the logic element and generates a compare output signal of the logic element. The selector circuitry provides one of the two inputs of the logic element as an output in response to a selection signal. The selection signal for all logic elements (i.e., logic elements 1 through N) constitutes the compare output signal of the Nth logic element. A median-calculation apparatus is also disclosed. The median-filter apparatus includes at least one insertion-sort circuitry. The at least one insertion-sort circuitry performs insertion-sorting of a set of input numbers corresponding to that insertion-sort circuitry to generate a corresponding set of sorted numbers. Each of the sorted set of numbers includes a median value of the corresponding set of input numbers.
    • 可编程逻辑器件(PLD)包括比较选择电路。 比较选择电路包括逻辑元件1至N.每个逻辑元件包括比较电路和选择器电路。 比较电路比较逻辑元件的两个输入,并产生逻辑元件的比较输出信号。 选择器电路响应于选择信号,提供逻辑元件的两个输入中的一个作为输出。 所有逻辑元件(即,逻辑元件1至N)的选择信号构成第N逻辑元件的比较输出信号。 还公开了一种中值计算装置。 中值滤波器装置包括至少一个插入分类电路。 所述至少一个插入分类电路对与所述插入分类电路相对应的一组输入号执行插入排序,以生成相应的分类数字集合。 每个排序的数字集合包括相应的一组输入数字的中值。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Normalization of floating point operations in a programmable integrated circuit device
    • 可编程集成电路器件中浮点运算的归一化
    • US08886695B1
    • 2014-11-11
    • US13545405
    • 2012-07-10
    • Martin Langhammer
    • Martin Langhammer
    • G06F7/38
    • G06F7/49936G06F7/4876
    • A programmable integrated circuit device is programmed to normalize multiplication operations by examining the input or output values to determined the likelihood of overflow or underflow and then to adjust the input or output values accordingly. The examination of the inputs can include an examination of the number of adder stages feeding into the inputs, as well as a count of leading bits ahead of the first significant bit. Adjustment of an input can include shifting the mantissa by the leading bit count and adjusting the exponent accordingly, while adjustment of the output can include shifting the mantissa by the sum of the leading bit counts of the inputs and adjusting the exponent accordingly. Or the output can be examined to find its leading bit count and the output then can be adjusted by shifting the mantissa by the leading bit count and adjusting the exponent accordingly.
    • 可编程集成电路器件被编程为通过检查输入或输出值来归一化乘法运算,以确定溢出或下溢的可能性,然后相应地调整输入或输出值。 对输入的检查可以包括对馈入馈入的加法器级数的检查以及在第一有效位之前的前导位的计数。 输入的调整可以包括将尾数移位前导位数并相应地调整指数,而输出的调整可以包括将尾数移位输入的前导位计数之和并相应地调整指数。 或者可以检查输出以查找其前导位计数,然后可以通过将尾数移位前导位计数并相应地调整指数来调整输出。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Methods and apparatus for reordering data signals in fast fourier transform systems
    • 用于在快速傅里叶变换系统中重新排序数据信号的方法和装置
    • US08812819B1
    • 2014-08-19
    • US13212377
    • 2011-08-18
    • Martin LanghammerKellie Marks
    • Martin LanghammerKellie Marks
    • G06F12/00
    • G06F17/142
    • Data signal items output by a radix 4n2m fast Fourier transform (“FFT”) operation may not be in the order desired for further use of those data items (e.g., they may be output in a non-natural order rather than in a desired natural order). Memory circuitry (e.g., dual-port memory circuitry) may be used in conjunction with circuitry for addressing the memory circuitry with address signals that are reordered in a particular way for each successive set of N data items. This allows use of memory circuitry with fewer data item storage locations than would otherwise be required to reorder the data items from non-natural to natural order. In particular, the memory circuitry only needs to be able to store N data items at any one time, which is more efficient memory utilization than would otherwise be possible.
    • 通过基数4n2m快速傅立叶变换(“FFT”)操作输出的数据信号项可能不符合进一步使用这些数据项所需的顺序(例如,它们可以以非自然的顺序而不是以期望的自然顺序输出 订购)。 存储器电路(例如,双端口存储器电路)可以与电路一起使用,该电路用于以对于每个连续的N个数据项集合的特定方式重新排序的地址信号来寻址存储器电路。 这允许使用存储器电路与数据项存储位置相比,否则将重新排序数据项从非自然顺序到自然顺序。 特别地,存储器电路仅需要能够在任何一个时间存储N个数据项,这比其他情况下更有效的存储器利用。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Large multiplier for programmable logic device
    • 可编程逻辑器件的大倍数
    • US08788562B2
    • 2014-07-22
    • US13042700
    • 2011-03-08
    • Martin LanghammerKumara Tharmalingam
    • Martin LanghammerKumara Tharmalingam
    • G06F7/52
    • G06F7/52G06F7/5324
    • A plurality of specialized processing blocks in a programmable logic device, including multipliers and circuitry for adding results of those multipliers, can be configured as a larger multiplier by adding to the specialized processing blocks selectable circuitry for shifting multiplier results before adding. In one embodiment, this allows all but the final addition to take place in specialized processing blocks, with the final addition occurring in programmable logic. In another embodiment, additional compression and adding circuitry allows even the final addition to occur in the specialized processing blocks.
    • 可编程逻辑器件中的多个专用处理块,包括用于将这些乘法器的结果相加的乘法器和电路的多个专用处理块可以被配置为较大的乘法器,通过将添加到专用处理块的可选择电路来移位乘法器结果。 在一个实施例中,这允许在专门的处理块中进行除最终添加之外的所有添加,最后的加法发生在可编程逻辑中。 在另一个实施例中,附加的压缩和加法电路甚至允许在专门的处理块中发生最后的添加。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Electronic circuit design copy protection
    • 电子电路设计复制保护
    • US08645712B1
    • 2014-02-04
    • US11261155
    • 2005-10-27
    • Martin Langhammer
    • Martin Langhammer
    • H04L9/14
    • H04L9/0841H04L9/0866H04L9/0869H04L2209/605
    • An electronic device takes the form of a programmable logic device, including logic resources whose functions and interconnections are dependent on the configuration information applied to the device. Each such electronic device is provided with a unique identifier. In order to implement a design of an electronic circuit on an electronic device, the configuration information that is required to cause the device to perform its desired function is encrypted before being applied to the device, and is decrypted on the device itself. The encryption process, and hence the required decryption, are based on the identifier, and hence are effectively unique to the particular device, so that the intended design can be implemented only by means of configuration information that is related to the unique identifier, and the configuration information cannot be applied to other devices to make unauthorized configured devices.
    • 电子设备采用可编程逻辑器件的形式,包括其功能和互连取决于应用于器件的配置信息的逻辑资源。 每个这样的电子设备被提供有唯一的标识符。 为了在电子设备上实现电子电路的设计,使得设备执行其所需功能所需的配置信息在应用于设备之前被加密,并且在设备本身上被解密。 加密过程,因此所需的解密基于标识符,因此对于特定设备是有效的,因此预期的设计只能通过与唯一标识符相关的配置信息来实现,并且 配置信息不能应用于其他设备进行未经授权的配置设备。