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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Process for producing fatty alcohols and C.sub.3 diols by catalytic
hydrogenation
    • 通过催化氢化生产脂肪醇和C3二醇的方法
    • US4942266A
    • 1990-07-17
    • US326185
    • 1989-03-17
    • Theo FleckensteinGerd GoebelFranz-Josef CarduckNorbert BremusReinhard Eicher
    • Theo FleckensteinGerd GoebelFranz-Josef CarduckNorbert BremusReinhard Eicher
    • B01J23/86C07B61/00C07C27/00C07C27/02C07C29/149C07C29/60C07C31/02C07C31/125C07C31/20C07C67/00
    • C07C29/60C07C29/149
    • A process for the catalytic hydrogenation of liquid fatty acid triglycerides and the simultaneous recovery of fatty alcohols and C.sub.3 diols in the presence of gaseous hydrogen and hydrogenation catalysts under pressures of from 50 to 300 bar and at temperatures in the range from 160.degree. to 250.degree. C., to produce fatty alcohols in at least 99% of the theoretical yield and of 1,2-propanediol in at least 80% of the theoretical yield and a maximum paraffin content of 0.5% of the theoretical yield is disclosed. The hydrogenation reaction is carried out in a tube bundle reactor operated under isothermal conditions through a cooling or heating fluid, the liquid phase being passed as co-current trickle phase with the gaseous phase over catalyst packings in the individual reactor tubes without back-mixing, and in that the load per unit volume of the reactor is selected between 0.2 and 2.5 l starting material per 1 reactor volume per hour and the load per unit area of each individual reactor tube between 1.5 and 25 m.sup.3 starting material per m.sup.2 reactor cross-section per hour and the reaction parameters of temperature and pressure are adapted in accordance with the actual catalyst activity.
    • 一种在液体脂肪酸甘油三酯的催化氢化和在气态氢气和氢化催化剂存在下同时回收脂肪醇和C 3二醇的方法,其压力为50-300巴,温度为160-250℃。 在理论产率的至少80%中产生至少99%理论产率的脂肪醇和1,2-丙二醇,并且公开了理论产率的最大链烷烃含量为理论产率的0.5%。 氢化反应在通过冷却或加热流体在等温条件下操作的管束反应器中进行,液相通过与各相反应器管中的催化剂填料上的气相作为同时滴流相而不进行反混合, 反应器的每单位体积的负荷选择在每小时每1个反应器体积的0.2-2.5升起始材料之间,每个反应器管的每单位面积的载荷在每平方米反应器横截面为1.5至25立方米起始材料之间 每小时,温度和压力的反应参数根据实际的催化剂活性进行调整。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Process for the direct hydrogenation of butterfat
    • 乳脂直接氢化工艺
    • US4954664A
    • 1990-09-04
    • US470428
    • 1990-01-25
    • Franz-Josef CarduckJuergen FalbeTheo FleckensteinGerd GoebelJoachim Pohl
    • Franz-Josef CarduckJuergen FalbeTheo FleckensteinGerd GoebelJoachim Pohl
    • C07C29/149C11C3/12
    • C07C29/149C07C29/177C11C3/126
    • A process for the catalytic hydrogenation of butterfat where non-deacidified butterfat is continuously reacted with hydrogen under pressures of from 20 to 300 bar and at temperatures of from 180.degree. to 250.degree. C. with molar ratios of hydrogen to fatty acid residue in the butterfat of from 10:1 to 500:1. The reaction is carried out over catalysts which contain from 30 to 40% by weight copper, from 23 to 30% by weight chromium, from 1 to 10% by weight manganese, from 1 to 10% by weight silicon, and from 1 to 7% by weight barium. The percentages by weight in each case are based on the total oxidic mass of the catalyst. Other transition metals, especially zirconium and cerium, are additionally incorporated into the catalyst. The metals in the catalyst are converted to their oxides by calcination. The catalyst is converted into shaped particulate or granulated elements with from 1 to 10% by weight of at least one binder in addition to 1 to 10% by weight graphite. The catalyst is activated with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas mixture.The reaction products include alcohols, oxo- and hydroxyfatty alcohols corresponding to the natural fatty acid composition of the butterfat and the desired, valuable product, propylene glycol. This process is advantageous since it eliminates the need for preseparation of the relatively short-chain fatty acids (or deacidification) of the butterfat prior to hydrogenation.
    • 一种用于催化加氢的方法,其中非脱酸乳脂在20-300巴的压力和180-250℃的温度下与氢气连续地与氢气与脂肪酸残余物的摩尔比连续地反应 为10:1至500:1。 反应在含有30-40重量%铜,23-30重量%铬,1-10重量%的锰,1-10重量%的硅和1至7的催化剂上进行 重量%的钡。 在每种情况下,重量百分比是基于催化剂的总氧化质量。 其他过渡金属,特别是锆和铈也被并入催化剂中。 通过煅烧将催化剂中的金属转化为它们的氧化物。 除了1至10重量%的石墨之外,催化剂转化为具有1-10重量%的至少一种粘合剂的成型颗粒或颗粒状元素。 催化剂用氢气或含氢气体混合物活化。 反应产物包括对应于乳脂的天然脂肪酸组合物和所需有价值的产物丙二醇的醇,氧代和羟基脂肪醇。 该方法是有利的,因为它消除了在氢化之前预先分离乳脂相对短链脂肪酸(或脱酸)的需要。