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1. 发明授权

US5325870A Multiplexed defibrillation electrode apparatus 失效
标题翻译：多路除颤电极装置
公开(公告)号：US5325870A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-05
申请号：US991132
申请日：1992-12-16
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Joseph S. Perttu , Charles Supino
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Joseph S. Perttu , Charles Supino
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/39 , A61N1/04
CPC分类号： A61N1/3956 , A61N1/0563
摘要： A defibrillation electrode apparatus which provides defibrillating, pacing, and sensing functions with the use of fewer conductors. Conductor requirements are minimized by solid-state multiplexing that is accomplished at the distal end of the apparatus.
摘要翻译：一种除颤电极装置，其使用更少的导体提供除颤，起搏和感测功能。导体要求通过在设备的远端实现的固态复用来最小化。

2. 发明授权

US5531782A Implantable medical electrode with reduced number of conductors 失效
标题翻译：具有减少导体数量的植入式医用电极
公开(公告)号：US5531782A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-02
申请号：US239778
申请日：1994-05-09
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Joseph S. Perttu , Charles Supino
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Joseph S. Perttu , Charles Supino
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3956 , A61N1/0563
摘要： A defibrillation electrode apparatus which provides defibrillating, pacing, and sensing functions with the use of fewer conductors. Conductor requirements are minimized by solid-state multiplexing that is accomplished at the distal end of the apparatus. The apparatus comprises:a. a body structure;b. a number "X", wherein X is at least 3, of electrode members disposed on the body structure for electrical communication with the exterior environment;c. a number "X-Y", wherein Y is a number between 1 and X-2, of conductive lead members, each lead member being communicatively connected to at least one electrode member and extending therefrom to a predetermined point on the body structure, and wherein each electrode member is connected to one lead member and at least one lead member is connected to more than one electrode member; andd. a rectifier connected between at least one lead member and at least one electrode member.
摘要翻译：一种除颤电极装置，其使用更少的导体提供除颤，起搏和感测功能。导体要求通过在设备的远端实现的固态复用来最小化。该装置包括：a。身体结构; b。设置在与外部环境电连通的主体结构上的电极构件的数量“X”，其中X为至少3个; C。导电引线构件的数量“XY”，其中Y是1和X-2之间的数字，每个引线构件通信地连接到至少一个电极构件并从其延伸到主体结构上的预定点，并且其中每个电极构件连接到一个引线构件，并且至少一个引线构件连接到多于一个的电极构件; 和d。连接在至少一个引线部件和至少一个电极部件之间的整流器。

3. 发明授权

US5690685A Automatic battery-maintaining implantable cardioverter defibrillator and method for use 失效
标题翻译：自动电池维护植入式心律转复除颤器及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5690685A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-25
申请号：US549284
申请日：1995-10-27
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Joseph S. Perttu
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Joseph S. Perttu
IPC分类号： A61N1/378 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3925 , A61N1/378 , A61N1/3931 , A61N1/3975
摘要： A device and method for performing automatic battery maintenance as particularly applied in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The battery is maintained at a predetermined state-of-charge to enable charging a capacitor in the ICD to discharge high voltage pulse into a human patient via electrodes implanted in the patient.
摘要翻译：用于执行自动电池维护的设备和方法，特别适用于可植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）。将电池保持在预定的充电状态，以使ICD中的电容器能够充电，通过植入患者体内的电极将高电压脉冲放电至人类患者。

4. 发明授权

US5645572A Implantable cardioverter defibrillator with slew rate limiting 失效
标题翻译：具有转换速率限制的植入式心律转复除颤器
公开(公告)号：US5645572A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-08
申请号：US615516
申请日：1996-03-12
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Joseph S. Perttu
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Joseph S. Perttu
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3931 , A61N1/3912 , Y10S128/901
摘要： The present invention is a pectorally implantable defibrillation system for delivering at least one electrical cardioversion/defibrillation countershock. The system has a housing designed to be implanted in a human patient, wherein the housing has an outer shell and an inner cavity. Pulse generating circuitry is positioned within the cavity for generating the at least one countershock. Circuitry is also positioned within the cavity to control delivery of the at least one countershock. At least one surface of the outer shell is electrically conductive to form an electrode for the system. Because of the close proximity between the housing electrode and the circuitry positioned within the housing, the circuitry is susceptible to undesired capacitive coupling effects. To reduce the capacitive coupling effects, a slew rate limiting circuit is connected between the pulse generating circuitry and the electrode formed on the housing.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种用于输送至少一个电复律/去颤除颤的临时植入式除颤系统。该系统具有设计成植入人类患者的壳体，其中壳体具有外壳和内腔。脉冲发生电路位于空腔内，用于产生至少一个反冲。电路也位于空腔内，以控制至少一个倒伏的输送。外壳的至少一个表面是导电的，以形成用于该系统的电极。由于壳体电极和位于壳体内的电路之间的紧密接近，电路易受不期望的电容耦合效应的影响。为了降低电容耦合效应，在脉冲发生电路和形成在壳体上的电极之间连接有转换速率限制电路。

5. 发明授权

US6112118A Implantable cardioverter defibrillator with slew rate limiting 失效
标题翻译：具有转换速率限制的植入式心律转复除颤器
公开(公告)号：US6112118A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US896311
申请日：1997-06-28
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Joseph S. Perttu
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Joseph S. Perttu
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3931 , A61N1/3912 , Y10S128/901
摘要： The present invention is a pectorally implantable defibrillation system for delivering at least one electrical cardioversion/defibrillation countershock. The system has a housing designed to be implanted in a human patient, wherein the housing has an outer shell and an inner cavity. Pulse generating circuitry is positioned within the cavity for generating the at least one countershock. Circuitry is also positioned within the cavity to control delivery of the at least one countershock. A slew rate limiting circuit is connected between the pulse generating circuitry and one of a plurality of implantable electrodes so as to reduce a slew rate of the electrical countershock. Preferably, one of the implantable electrodes is the housing.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种用于输送至少一个电复律/去颤除颤器的胸腔可植入除颤系统。该系统具有设计成植入人类患者的壳体，其中壳体具有外壳和内腔。脉冲发生电路位于空腔内，用于产生至少一个反冲。电路也位于空腔内，以控制至少一个倒伏的输送。压摆率限制电路连接在脉冲发生电路和多个可植入电极中的一个之间，以便降低电气倒伏的转换速率。优选地，可植入电极中的一个是壳体。

6. 发明授权

US5904705A Automatic battery-maintaining implantable cardioverter defibrillator and method for use 失效
标题翻译：自动电池维护植入式心律转复除颤器及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US5904705A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-18
申请号：US835556
申请日：1997-04-08
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Joseph S. Perttu
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Joseph S. Perttu
IPC分类号： A61N1/378 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3925 , A61N1/378 , A61N1/3931 , A61N1/3975
摘要： A device and method for performing automatic battery maintenance as particularly applied in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The battery is maintained at a predetermined state-of-charge to enable charging a capacitor in the ICD to discharge high voltage pulse into a human patient via electrodes implanted in the patient.
摘要翻译：用于执行自动电池维护的设备和方法，特别适用于可植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）。将电池保持在预定的充电状态，以使ICD中的电容器能够充电，通过植入患者体内的电极将高电压脉冲放电至人类患者。

7. 发明授权

US5749910A Shield for implantable cardioverter defibrillator 失效
标题翻译：用于植入式心律转复除颤器的护盾
公开(公告)号：US5749910A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US486759
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Dennis A. Brumwell , Joseph S. Perttu , Mark W. Kroll , Randall S. Nelson
发明人： Dennis A. Brumwell , Joseph S. Perttu , Mark W. Kroll , Randall S. Nelson
IPC分类号： A61N1/375 , A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3956 , A61N1/375 , A61N1/3758
摘要： An implantable cardioverter defibrillator capable of subcutaneous positioning within a patient delivers at least one electrical cardioversion/defibrillation countershocks to the heart of the patient. The implantable cardioverter defibrillator includes a housing, circuitry positioned within the housing to control delivery of the countershocks, and an energy source coupled with the circuitry to provide electrical energy to a capacitor in the circuitry that stores the electrical energy for delivery of the countershocks. Because the circuitry is susceptible to undesirable electromagnetic coupling effects of origin external to the circuitry, particularly the capacitive coupling effects between the circuitry and the housing of the device when at least a portion of the housing is utilized as an electrode, the implantable cardioverter defibrillator also includes a conductive shield, disposed between the housing and the circuitry, to shield the circuitry against such undesired coupling effects.
摘要翻译：能够在患者体内皮下定位的植入式心律转复除颤器将至少一个电复律/去颤颤颤抗原递送至患者的心脏。植入式心律转复除颤器包括壳体，位于壳体内的电路，用于控制反射的传送，以及与该电路耦合的能量源，以将电能提供给电路中的电容器，该电路存储用于递送该反射的电能。因为当至少一部分壳体被用作电极时，电路容易受到电路外部原点的不期望的电磁耦合影响，特别是电路和器件壳体之间的电容耦合效应，所以可植入的心律转复除颤器也包括设置在外壳和电路之间的导电屏蔽，以屏蔽电路免受这种不期望的耦合影响。

8. 发明授权

US5957956A Implantable cardioverter defibrillator having a smaller mass 失效
标题翻译：植入式心律转复除颤器质量较小
公开(公告)号：US5957956A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US963154
申请日：1997-11-03
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Kenneth M. Anderson , Charles U. Smith
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Kenneth M. Anderson , Charles U. Smith
IPC分类号： A61N1/375 , A61N1/39 , H01M2/10 , H01M6/50 , H01M16/00 , A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/375 , A61N1/3956 , A61N1/3758 , H01M16/00 , H01M2/1066 , H01M6/5016
摘要： A capacitor-discharge implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has a relatively smaller mass of less than about 120 grams. The smaller mass of the ICD is achieved by selecting and arranging the internal components of the ICD to deliver a maximum defibrillation countershock optimized in terms of a minimum physiologically effective current (I.sub.pe), rather than a minimum defibrillation threshold energy (DFT). As a result of the optimization in terms of a minimum effective current I.sub.pe, there is a significant decrease in the maximum electrical charge energy (E.sub.c) that must be stored by the capacitor of the ICD to less than about 30 Joules, even though a higher safety margin is provided for by the device. Due to this decrease in the maximum E.sub.c, as well as corollary decreases in the effective capacitance value required for the capacitor and the net energy storage required of the battery, the overall displacement volume of the ICD is reduced to the point where subcutaneous implantation of the device in the pectoral region of human patients is practical. The size of the capacitor is reduced because the effective capacitance required can be less than about 125 .mu.F. By optimizing both the charging time and the countershock duration for the smaller maximum E.sub.c, the size of the battery is reduced because the total energy storage capacity can be less than about 1.0 Amp-hours. In the preferred embodiment, the charging time for each defibrillation countershock is reduced to less than about 10 seconds and the pulse duration of the countershock is reduced to less than about 6 milliseconds.
摘要翻译：电容放电植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）的质量相对较小，小于约120克。通过选择和布置ICD的内部部件来实现ICD的较小质量，以提供根据最小生理有效电流（Ipe）而不是最小除颤阈值能量（DFT）优化的最大除颤抗倒伏。作为最小有效电流Ipe优化的结果，ICD的电容器必须存储的最大电荷能量（Ec）显着降低到小于约30焦耳，即使较高的设备提供安全余量。由于最大Ec的这种减小以及电容器所需的有效电容值和电池所需的净能量存储的必然减小，ICD的总位移体积减少到皮下植入在人类胸腔的器官是实用的。电容器的尺寸减小，因为所需的有效电容可以小于约125μF。通过优化较小的最大Ec的充电时间和反冲时间，电池的尺寸减小，因为总能量存储容量可以小于约1.0安培小时。在优选实施例中，每个去纤维颤动反射的充电时间减少到小于约10秒，并且该反冲的脉冲持续时间减小到小于约6毫秒。

9. 发明授权

US5827326A Implantable cardioverter defibrillator having a smaller energy storage capacity 失效
标题翻译：具有较小能量储存能力的植入式心律转复除颤器
公开(公告)号：US5827326A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-27
申请号：US412920
申请日：1995-03-29
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Kenneth M. Anderson , Charles U. Smith
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Kenneth M. Anderson , Charles U. Smith
IPC分类号： A61N1/375 , A61N1/378 , A61N1/39 , H01M2/10 , H01M6/50 , H01M16/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/375 , A61N1/3787 , A61N1/3931 , A61N1/3956 , A61N1/3975 , H01M16/00 , A61N1/3758 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912 , H01M2/1066 , H01M6/5016
摘要： A capacitor-discharge implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has a relatively smaller energy storage capacity of less than about 1.0 Amp-hours. The smaller energy storage capacity of the ICD is achieved by selecting and arranging the internal components of the ICD to deliver a maximum defibrillation countershock optimized in terms of a minimum physiologically effective current (I.sub.pe) rather than a minimum defibrillation threshold energy (DFT). As a result of the optimization in terms of a minimum effective current I.sub.pe, there is a significant decrease in the maximum electrical charge energy (E.sub.c) that must be stored by the capacitor of the ICD to less than about 30 Joules, even though a higher safety margin is provided for by the device. Due to this decrease in the maximum E.sub.c, as well as corollary decreases in the effective capacitance value required for the capacitor and the net energy storage required of the battery, the overall displacement volume of the ICD is reduced to the point where subcutaneous implantation of the device in the pectoral region of human patients is practical. The size of the capacitor is reduced because the effective capacitance required can be less than about 125 .mu.F. By optimizing both the charging time and the countershock duration for the smaller maximum E.sub.c, the size of the battery is reduced because the total energy storage capacity can be less than about 1.0 Amp-hours. In the preferred embodiment, the charging time for each defibrillation countershock is reduced to less than about 10 seconds and the pulse duration of the countershock is reduced to less than about 6 milliseconds.
摘要翻译：电容放电植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）具有小于约1.0安培小时的相对较小的储能能力。通过选择和布置ICD的内部部件来实现ICD的较小的能量存储容量，以提供根据最小生理有效电流（Ipe）而不是最小除颤阈值能量（DFT）优化的最大除颤反相。作为最小有效电流Ipe优化的结果，ICD的电容器必须存储的最大电荷能量（Ec）显着降低到小于约30焦耳，即使较高的设备提供安全余量。由于最大Ec的这种减小以及电容器所需的有效电容值和电池所需的净能量存储的必然减小，ICD的总位移体积减少到皮下植入在人类胸腔的器官是实用的。电容器的尺寸减小，因为所需的有效电容可以小于约125μF。通过优化较小的最大Ec的充电时间和反冲时间，电池的尺寸减小，因为总能量存储容量可以小于约1.0安培小时。在优选实施例中，每个去纤维颤动反射的充电时间减少到小于约10秒，并且该反冲的脉冲持续时间减小到小于约6毫秒。

10. 发明授权

US5735878A Implantable defibrillator having multiple pathways 失效
标题翻译：植入式除颤器具有多个途径
公开(公告)号：US5735878A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-07
申请号：US577949
申请日：1995-12-22
申请人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Charles G. Supino
发明人： Mark W. Kroll , Theodore P. Adams , Charles G. Supino
IPC分类号： A61N1/39 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/3925 , A61N1/3956 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： An implantable defibrillator derives a rectangular current waveform from a capacitor discharge by using a current limiter. This pulse-shaping method is equally applicable to single-path and multiple-path situations. A rectangular pulse delivers a maximum of energy for a given peak-field value with a particular electrode combination and pulse duration. Peak field is a measure of the tissue-damage potentiality of a particular discharge.
摘要翻译：可植入除颤器通过使用限流器从电容器放电导出矩形电流波形。这种脉冲整形方法同样适用于单路径和多路径情况。矩形脉冲通过特定的电极组合和脉冲持续时间为给定的峰值值提供最大的能量。峰值场是测量特定放电的组织损伤潜能。

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